高考英语阅读理解综合经典题附答案解析.docx

1、高考英语阅读理解综合经典题附答案解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Shark attacks not only disturb beach activities, but can affect associated tourist industries. Shark nets are a common solution to preventing shark attacks on beaches, but they cause dangers to sea ecosystems. Seeking a cost-effective way to monitor beach safety ove

2、r large areas, we have developed a system called Shark Spotter. It combines artificial intelligence (AI), computing power, and drone (无人机) technology to identify and warn lifesavers to sharks near swimmers. The project is a cooperation between the University of Technology Sydney and The Ripper Group

3、, which is pioneering the use of dronescalled Westpac Little Ripper Lifesaversin the search and rescue movement in Australia. SharkSpotter can detect sharks and other potential threats using real-time aerial imagery. The system analyses video from a camera attached to a drone to monitor beaches for

4、sharks, send warnings, and conduct rescues. Developed with techniques known as deep learning, the Shark Spotter system receives imagery from the drone camera and attempts to identify all objects in the scene. Once certain objects are detected, they are put into one of 16 categories: shark, whale, do

5、lphin, rays, different types of boats, surfers, and swimmers. If a shark is detected, Shark Spotter provides both a visual sign on the computer screen and an audible warning to the operator. The operator confirms the warning and sends text messages from the Shark Spotter system to the Surf Life Save

6、rs for further action. In an emergency, the drone is equipped with a lifesaving flotation pod (漂浮仓) together with an electronic shark repellent (驱逐装置) that can be dropped into the water in cases where swimmers are in severe trouble, trapped in a rip, or if there are sharks close by. In January 2018,

7、 the Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers was used to rescue two young swimmers caught in a rip at Lennox Head, NSW. The drone flew down the beach some 800 meters from the lifeguard station, and a lifesaving flotation pod was dropped from the drone. The complete rescue operation took 70 seconds. We beli

8、eve Shark Spotter is a win-win for both marine life and beachgoers. This unique technology combines dynamic video image processing AI and advanced drone technology to creatively deal with the global challenge of ensuring safe beaches, protecting environments, and promoting tourism.（1）A Shark Spotter

9、 is _. A.a solution to monitor sharksB.an equipment to identify lifesaversC.a technology to prevent shark attacksD.a project to pioneer the use of drones（2）When a shark is spotted near a swimmer, the system will _. A.take timely actionB.analyze the visual dataC.classify the identified objectsD.turn

10、on deep learning mode（3）The example in the 5th paragraph shows us that the system is _. A.efficient in saving livesB.effective in detecting sharksC.smart in driving sharks awayD.practical over the whole sea area（4）What is the authors attitude towards the future of SharkSpotter? A.Doubtful.B.Optimist

11、ic.C.Negative.D.Objective.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种旨在防止鲨鱼袭击的技术Shark Spotter的工作原理以及重要意义。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”If a shark is detected, Shark Spotter provides both a visual sign on the computer screen and an audible warning to the operator. The operator confirms the warning and sends te

12、xt messages from the Shark Spotter system to the Surf Life Savers for further action.“如果鲨鱼被发现，Shark Spotter会在电脑屏幕上显示视觉讯号，并向操作员发出听觉警告。操作员确认了警告，并从鲨鱼观测者系统向冲浪救生员发送短信，以便采取进一步行动。可推断出Shark Spotter是一种防止鲨鱼袭击的技术，故选C。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”In an emergency, the drone is equipped with a lifesaving flotation pod (漂浮仓

13、) together with an electronic shark repellent (驱逐装置) that can be dropped into the water in cases where swimmers are in severe trouble, trapped in a rip, or if there are sharks close by.“在紧急情况下，无人机配备了一个救生浮选舱和一个电子防鲨器，当游泳者遇到严重麻烦、被困在裂口或附近有鲨鱼时，可以将防鲨器放入水中。可知当在游泳者附近发现鲨鱼时，系统会及时采取行动，故选A。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第五段”In J

14、anuary 2018, the Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers was used to rescue two young swimmers caught in a rip at Lennox Head, NSW. The drone flew down the beach some 800 meters from the lifeguard station, and a lifesaving flotation pod was dropped from the drone. The complete rescue operation took 70 seco

15、nds.“2018年1月，西太平洋小开创者救生员队(Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers)被用来营救两名在新南威尔士州伦诺克斯海德(Lennox Head)被困的年轻游泳者。这架无人机从距离救生站800米的海滩上飞下来，一个救生浮筒从无人机上掉了下来。整个营救行动耗时70秒。可推知第五段的例子告诉我们这个系统在拯救生命方面是有效的，故选A。 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”We believe Shark Spotter is a win-win for both marine life and beachgoers.“我们相信Shark Spotter对海洋

16、生物和海滩游客来说都是双赢的。可知作者对Shark Spotter的未来持乐观的态度。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 According to a team of researchers, an animals ability to perceive(感知)time is linked to their pace of life. Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the a

17、bility to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures. commented lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin. The study was done with a variety of animals using phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individu

18、al can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans. One example of this phenomenon at work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research showed flies observe motion in a shorter time than ou

19、r own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit. Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked jointly on the research project, said in a statement, Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if

20、 the brain cannot process that information equally quickly. Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might not be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly. In comparison, the tiger beetle(虎甲虫)runs faster than its eyes can keep

21、up, basically becoming blind, which requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate its preys(猎物)position. Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension along which animals can specialize and there is considerable range to study this system in more detail.（1）What is t

22、he research mentioned in the passage mainly about？ A.Pace of life of animals.B.Impressive abilities of animals.C.Lifetime of small animals.D.Time perception of animals.（2）What does Kevin Healys comment mean in Para.2？ A.The survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.B.A

23、nimals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.C.The ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed.D.Animals with poor ability of time perception have a shorter life.（3）Why can houseflies avoid being hit? A.They can think very deeply before they act.B.They c

24、an process the information as quickly as they receive it.C.They can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.D.They can send information to brain more quickly than to their eyes.（4）What will a tiger beetle have to do to catch a moving prey? A.Slow down to gain its time perception.B.Prevent itself

25、 from becoming blind.C.Stop occasionally to spot the prey again.D.Try to run as fast as it can.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了对动物时间感知的研究。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“According to a team of researchers，an animals ability to perceive（感知）time is linked to their pace of life.”可知，据一组研究人员称，动物感知时间的能力与它们的生

26、活节奏有关，由此可知，文中提到的这个研究是关于动物的时间感知的，故选D。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures.”可知，对于能快速移动的动物而言，在极短的时间内感知时间的能力可能是生与死的区别，由此可知，Kevin Healy说的意思是快速移动的动物的生存依

27、赖于它们对时间的感知能力，故选A。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The research showed flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve，which allows them to avoid being hit.”可知，家蝇观察物体运动的时间比我们人眼所能达到的时间要短，这使得它们能够避免被击中；再结合第五段中的“but they can make good decisions very quickly.”可知，它们可以很快做出好的决定，也就是说它们可以尽快处理收到的信息，故选B。

28、（4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“the tiger beetle（虎甲虫）runs faster than its eyes can keep up，basically becoming blind，which requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate its preys（猎物）position”可知，虎甲虫的移动比眼睛快，基本上是盲目的，这就要求它不时地停下来，重新评估猎物的位置，由此可知，为了抓住移动的猎物，虎甲虫需要不时地停下来确定猎物的位置，故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考

29、生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 If you love eating and drinking for free and are looking to make some pocket money, theres a job in China with your name on it. A new type of online service allows people to hire others to eat or drink their favorite treats, either to cure their boredom or sat

30、isfy their appetite without the calories that usually come with it. Chinese media recently reported on an increasingly popular service on online platform Taobao thats as startling as it is appealing. People can now go online and hire others to consume certain foods and drinks, and ask them to provid

31、e video evidence of them eating or drinking the said treats. Fees usually range from two to nine yuan ($0.30 - $1.35) plus the cost of the food. Its not exactly a get-rich-quick job, but there are quite a rot of people willing to do it for the free treats alone. Bubble tea drinking is a particularly popular service, as the chewy tapioca(木薯粉)balls and popping drink is all the rage in Asia these days, but there are also ads from people willing to eat f