百所名校届河北省衡水中学高三上学期七调考试英语试题解析版.docx

1、百所名校届河北省衡水中学高三上学期七调考试英语试题解析版班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 2018届河北省衡水中学高三上学期七调考试英 语注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第I卷（选择题）一、阅读理解ANeil Jordan, a cons

2、ervation biologist, has come up with a novel method for protecting cattle from African lions: paint eyes on their behinds. The lions will think their intended prey has seen them and will give up, since theyve lost the element of surprise.This psychological trickery has been called “iCow”, which is a

3、ctually not as strange as it sounds. The eye-like patterns on butterfly wings are known to prevent preying birds and woodcutters in Indian forests wear masks on the backs of their heads when working to discourage hungry tigers.The inspiration for the iCow strategy came while Jordan was based in a vi

4、llage in Botswana, when two lionesses were killed by local farmers to revenge their cattles death. The African lion is a vulnerable species, with numbers dropping from over 100,000 in the 1990s to about 30,000 today. Much of that decline is due to these kinds of revengeful killings because farmers h

5、ave no effective strategies for protecting their herds.“Lions are hunters that like to attack by surprise. They move slowly, quietly and carefully to their prey, get close and jump on them unseen,” he said. When Jordan was watching a lion follow an antelope one day, he noticed the lion gave up the h

6、unt once the antelope spotted it.So he joined one of the local farmers on a 10-week trial study, painting eyes on one-third of a herd of 62 cattle. When the cattle returned each night, they took a head count to see how many had survived. Only three cows were killed by lions during this period-all wi

7、thout the painted eyes on their behinds. And all the painted cows survived. However, Jordan warned that so far this is just a promising idea. He is now back in Botswana for a more ambitious study, armed with GPS devices to better monitor the movement of predators and prey.1The iCow strategy is desig

8、ned to .A. kill the lions B. warn the preys of dangerC. identify the cattle D. scare off animals that kill2When hunting, lions like to .A. give up halfway B. hesitate to take actionC. chase their prey steadily D. launch surprising attacks3What can be inferred from the passage?A. The iCow strategy is

9、 likely to bring great benefit.B. In the 10-week trial study more cattle were killed.C. The farmers will take their revenge on more lions.D. Neil got inspiration from patterns on butterfly wings.BConformity involves changing your behaviour to “fit in” or “go along” with the people around you. In som

10、e cases, this social influence might involve agreeing with or acting like the majority of people in a specific group, or involve behaving in a particular way to be viewed as “normal” by the group. Actually, conformity is something that happens regularly in our social world. Sometimes were aware of o

11、ur behaviour, but in many cases it happens without much thought or awareness on our parts. And even in some cases we go along with things we disagree with or behave in ways we know we shouldnt.There are countless examples of conformity in life. For instance, a teenager dresses in a certain style bec

12、ause he wants to fit in with the rest of the teenagers in his social group. A woman reads a book for her book club and really enjoys it. When she attends her book club meeting, the other members all dislike the book. Rather than go against the group opinion, she simply agrees with the others that th

13、e book is terrible.Why do we conform? In many cases, looking to the rest of the group for clues for how we should behave can actually be helpful. Others might have greater knowledge or experience than we do, so following their lead can actually be instructive. And in some cases, we conform to the ex

14、pectations of the group to avoid looking foolish. This tendency can become especially strong in situations where we arent quite sure how to act. Additionally, there are some situations where we conform just in order to avoid punishments or gain rewards.There are many factors that influence conformit

15、y. For example, not knowing how to perform a difficult task makes people more likely to conform. Personal characteristics such as motivation to achieve and strong leadership abilities are linked with a decreased tendency to conform. And people are more likely to conform in situations that involve be

16、tween three and five other people.4What can we learn about conformity from the first paragraph?A. Actually it is rare for us to conform.B. Blind conformity should be criticized.C. Sometimes people tend to conform unconsciously.D. Conformity means changing your behaviour reluctantly.5Which of the fol

17、lowing is a case of conformity?A. Joining a certain organization.B. Following the ongoing fashion.C. Sharing something personal with others.D. Giving up your creative ideas cautiously.6When are we most likely to conform according to the text?A. When we are at a loss.B. When we are rejected.C. When w

18、e feel threatened.D. When we feel uncomfortable.7What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Conformity cannot be avoided by anyone.B. Conformity is linked to the size of the group.C. Conformity is a natural response to challenges.D. Conformity isnt related to individual differences.COver a deca

19、de ago, scientists already recognized the potential smart cloths with sensors (传感器) could improve well-being. Nowadays the industry is starting to target specific health conditions. One example is diabetes. Now, Siren Care has developed an injury-detecting sock that could help people with diabetes p

20、revent disability. Early detection is important in this process. Since skin ulcers (溃疡) are accompanied by a rise in temperature, studies show that detecting foot skin temperature at home could significantly reduce skin ulcers. Based on this, Siren produced a sock that can measure foot temperature i

21、n real time.Whats special about Sirens product is that the sensors exist in the fabric of the sock. The product is powered by “SirenSmart”, a kind of electronic yarn (纱线). They weave the yarn into a sock using ordinary weaving machines and connect the final product to a PCB battery, whose lifetime i

22、s two months if used daily. The socks are only on when theyre worn; they go into sleep mode when off.All data from the socks is sent to the Siren app using Bluetooth technology, so the user can know the condition of his/her feet in real time. The application gives foot health scores and, when necess

23、ary, warns the user to adjust activity or see a healthcare professional.Ran Ma, the companys CEO, explains the sock can tell the user when to see a doctor. The socks are machine-washable, and dont need to be charged. Every six months, the user gets a new box with seven pairs of socks to replace the

24、used ones.Siren presented their product this year in Las Vegas and announced that theyre planning to start shipping their socks this summer. More excitingly, Siren is already planning future applications that will go beyond diabetes care. Anyway, as smart clothing becomes accessible, youll begin to

25、see this health technology become more common.8What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. The result of the study. B. The problem with skins.C. The cause of skin ulcers. D. The importance of early detection.9What can we learn about Sirens smart sock from the second paragraph?A.

26、It can be charged. B. It is sensitive to skins.C. Its sensors can be seen. D. It is comfortable to wear.10What should be the function of the smart sock?A. It cures its user of possible illness.B. It informs its user of his/her foot health.C. It assists its user to make a quicker recovery.D. It tests

27、 its users physical strength in real time.11What does the author think of the smart clothing industry?A. It has a bright future. B. It is a profitable industry.C. It is readily available. D. It has widely applied.DScientists have found living organisms trapped in crystals (晶体) that could be 50,000 y

28、ears old.The organisms were found in a hot, but beautiful cave system in Naica, Mexico. These ancient life forms can be seen only with a microscope. Penelope Boston, who leads the Astrobiology Institute at NASA, the space agency of the United States, says the ancient microbes were able to live by ea

29、ting minerals such as iron.She spoke about the discovery recently at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. If the findings are confirmed, they will show how microbes can survive in extreme conditions. Forty different kinds of microbes and some viruses were found in th

30、e underground area. The genetic structures of these organisms are 10 percent different from those of their nearest relatives.The caves in Naica are 800 kilometers deep. They were once used for mining lead. Before the miners began working in the caves, the area was separated from the surface and the

31、outside world. Some of the caves are as big as the large religious centers built during Europes Middle Ages. There are crystals covering the walls. The caves are so hot that scientists must wear special clothing to keep cool. The clothing keeps the crystals safe from human germs (病菌) or other damage

32、. Boston said the researchers could only work for about 20 minutes at a time before they had to go to a room that was 38 degrees Celsius to cool down.NASA officials would not let Boston share her findings with scientific experts before last weeks announcement. So scientists could not say much about the findings. But Norine Noonan, a biologist with the University of South Florida, said she believed them. “Why are we surprised?” Noonan asked. “As a biologist, I would say life on earth is extrem