英语 高考英语阅读理解专项训练100附答案及解析.docx

1、英语 高考英语阅读理解专项训练100附答案及解析【英语】 高考英语阅读理解专项训练100(附答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 What do Leonardo da Vincii, Marie Curie, and Albert Einstein have in common? They were all left-handed, along with other famous people including Brad Pitt Prince William, and Barack Obama. In fact, an estimated 13 percent of the wor

2、lds population may be left-handed and still most people around the world are right-handed. What makes a person become right-handed rather than left-handed? As yet no one really knows for sure. One simple idea suggests that people normally get right-handedness from their parents. Studies have found t

3、hat two right-handed parents have only a 9.5 percent chance of having a left-handed child, whereas two left-handed parents have a 26 percent chance of having a left-handed child. Another common theory is that left-handed people suffer mild brain damage during birth, which makes them left-handed. How

4、ever, if this theory were true, it would not explain why the percentage of left-banded people is so similar in every society, when birth conditions vary so much from society to society. Whatever the reasons behind it, peoples attitudes toward left-handedness have changed a lot over the years. Statis

5、tics show that although 13 percent of young people (10-20 years old) are left-handed, only 6 percent of the elderly are left-handed. Left-handed children used to be punished until they began using their right hand like other children, but today people who are left-handed are no longer looked down on

6、 nor are they considered abnormal. For most people today, either case is perfectly acceptable.（1）What makes one right-handed? A.The environment.B.Mild brain damage during birth.C.The reason is uncertain.D.Other people.（2）Why is the number of young people who are left-handed bigger than that of the e

7、lderly? A.Because the elderly are forced to become right-handed.B.Because left-handed people are considered abnormal.C.Because left-handedness can be cured.D.Because the young are easily damaged.（3）What does the text mainly talk about? A.Left-handed people are looked down upon.B.General facts about

8、left-handed people.C.Some famous left-handed people.D.The reasons why people are left-handed.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，关于左撇子现象作者进行了介绍和说明。（1）考查细节理解。第二段中讲了很多右手的使用比左手平常的可能性原因，根据” As yet no one really knows for sure.”可知，虽然对于右手的使用比左手更为普遍这一现象有不同猜测，但是原因不明。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段“Statistics show that al

9、though 13 percent of young people (10-20 years old) are left-handed, only 6 percent of the elderly are left-handed. Left-handed children used to be punished until they began using their right hand like other children, but today people who are left-handed are no longer looked down on nor are they con

10、sidered abnormal.”可知，以前的左撇子孩子都会受到鄙视或者被认为是不正常的，所以，那一代的孩子会被惩罚直到他们改变这样的习惯，但是，现在人们的态度已经转变了。故选B。（3）考查主旨大意。本文以客观、中立的态度描写了关于“左撇子”的一些事实，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Throughout history, artist, inventors, writers and scientists have solved problems in t

11、heir dreams. Now, lets have a look together at some of them. Paul McCartney Found Yesterday in a dream Paul McCartney is one of the most famous singers/songwriters of all time. According to the Guinness Book of Records, his Beatles song Yesterday(1965) has the most cover（翻唱） versions of any song eve

12、r written and, according to record label BMI，was performed over seven million times in the 20th century. The tune for Yesterday came to Paul McCartney in a dream. “I woke up with a lovely tune in my head. I thought, Thats great, I wonder what that is? There was an upright piano next to me, to the ri

13、ght of my bed by the window. I got out of bed, sat at the piano, found G, found F sharp minor- and that leads you through then to B to E minor, and finally back to E. It all leads forward logically. I liked the melody a lot, but because Id dreamed it, I couldnt believe Id written it. I thought, No,

14、Ive never written anything like this before. But I had the tune, which was the most magic thing! ” Mary Shelleys Frankentein Inspired by a Dream In the summer of 1816, nineteen-year-old Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin and her lover, the poet Percy Shelley (whom she married later that year), visited the p

15、oet Lord Byron at his villa beside Lake Geneva in Switzerland. Stormy weather frequently forced them indoors, where they and Byrons other guests sometimes read from a volume of ghost stories. One evening, Byron challenged his guests to each write one themselves. Marys story, inspired by a dream, bec

16、ame Frankentein（科学怪人）. “When I placed my head upon my pillow, I did not sleep, nor could I be said to think-My eyes shut ,I saw-with my acute mental vision-the pale student of unholy arts kneeling beside the thing he had put together. I saw the ugly figure of a man stretch out, and then, on the work

17、ing of some powerful engine, show signs of life, and tremble with an uneasy motion, extremely frightful. The next morning I announced that I had thought of a story. I began that day with the words, It was on a dull night of November, making only a transcript(文字稿) of the cruel terror of my waking dre

18、am.”（1）We can learn from the whole passage that_. A.Some great stories, poems and songs were created while their writers sleptB.Paul McCartney likes writing songs in dreamsC.Frankentein was written by Byrons guestsD.Byron was an ugly frightful Frankentein（2）The underlined word“melody”has the similar

19、 meaning of _. A.dreamB.songC.tuneD.instrument（3）Which is the best title of the whole passage? A.The Greatest writersB.The most famous song and storyC.Great dreams that come trueD.How to dream【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，纵观历史，很多艺术家、发明家、作家和科学家都曾经在梦中解决问题。本文举例讲述了两个梦境成真的故事。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Through

20、out history, artist, inventors, writers and scientists have solved problems in their dreams. Now, lets have a look together at some of them.”可知，很多艺术家、发明家、作家和科学家都曾经在梦中解决问题。因此可知，一些伟大的故事，诗歌和歌曲是在作家睡觉的时候创作的。故选A。（2）考查词义猜测。根据 Paul McCartney Found Yesterday in a dream部分中的“I woke up with a lovely tune in my

21、head.”可知，“我”醒来脑海中还有那可爱的旋律，结合下文的叙述，我身边正好有钢琴，我下了床，坐在钢琴边，谱出了曲子合乎逻辑，因此可知，此处表示我非常喜欢这个曲调。melody指的是曲调。故选C。（3）考查主旨大意。根据开篇所说，结合下面的举例可推知，文章主要是在讲梦想照进现实，梦在现实中成真了。因此推断C项“好梦成真”为最佳标题。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Microplastics are everywhere in our envi

22、ronment. Its hardly surprising that the tiny fragments have also been found in humans. A new study shows that Americans are consuming as many as 121,000 particles each year. Measuring 50 to 500 microns in length, microplastics come from a variety of sources, including large plastics that break down

23、into smaller and smaller pieces. Therefore, much remains unknown about the common existence of these materials within the human body, as well as their impact on human health. Hoping to fill in some of these gaps, a research team led by Kieran Cox, a PhD candidate at the University of Victoria, looke

24、d at 26 papers assessing the amount of microplastics in commonly consumed food items, among which are seafood, sugars, salts, honey, alcohol and water. The team also evaluated the potential consumption of microplastics through inhalation (吸入)using previously reported data on microplastic concentrati

25、ons in the air and the Environmental Protection Agencys reported respiration rates. Based on these data, the researchers calculated that our annual consumption of microplastics via food and drink ranges from 39,000 to 52,000 particles. When microplastics taken in through inhalation are taken into ac

26、count, the range jumps to between 74,000 and 121,000 particles per year. The authors of the study found that people who drink exclusively from plastic water bottles absorb an additional 90,000 microplastics each year, compared to 4,000 among those who only consume tap water. This shows that small de

27、cisions, over the course of a year, really matter and have an impact. Cox says. The new study, according to its authors, was the first to investigate the accumulative human exposure to microplastics. But in all likelihood, the research tells only a small part of the entire story. Collectively, the f

28、ood and drink that the researchers analyzed represent 15 percent of Americans caloric intake. The team could not account for food groups like fruits, vegetables and grains because there simply is not enough data on their microplastic content. For those worried about microplastic consumption, cutting

29、 down bottled water is a good place to start. But to the heart of the problem, we have to stop producing and using so much plastic.（1）What makes it difficult to know microplastics commonly exist in the human body? A.The quality.B.The quantity.C.The shape.D.The size.（2）How did Kieran Coxs team calcul

30、ate the potential consumption of microplastics? A.By studying papers.B.By comparing the impacts.C.By analyzing the data.D.By conducting experiments.（3）Which of the following is true according to the text? A.Drinking less plastic bottled water helps to take in fewer microplastics.B.The study is among

31、 the earliest to investigate human exposure to microplastics.C.Coxs team gained comprehensive information of microplastics taken in by humans.D.People consume 74,000 to 121,000 particles of microplastics per year from food and drink.（4）What is the best title for the text? A.The Potential Problems of MicroplasticsB.Microplastics Coming From Various SourcesC.Microplastics Found Within