考研英语二完整真题及答案解析.docx

1、考研英语二完整真题及答案解析2021考研公共课英语二完整版真题及答案解析下载Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Happy people work differently. Theyre more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater ris

2、ks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence_1_firms work, too.Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper._2_, firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development). Thats because happiness is linked to the kind of l

3、onger-term thinking_3_for making investments for the future.The researchers wanted to know if the_4_and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would_5_the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities average happiness_6_by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly

4、 traded firms in those areas._7_enough, firms investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were_8_.But is it really happiness thats linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities_9_why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the re

5、searchers controlled for various_10_that might make firms more likely to invest like size, industry, and sales and for indicators that a place was_11_to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally_12_even after accounting for these things.The corr

6、elation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors_13_to “less codified decision making process and the possible presence of “younger and less_14_managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment. The relationship was_15_stronger in places

7、where happiness was spread more_16_.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality._17_ this doesnt prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least_18_at that

8、possibility. Its not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help_19_how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and_20_R&D more than the average, said one researcher.1. A why B where C how D when2. A

9、In return B In particular C In contrast D In conclusion3. A sufficient B famous C perfect D necessary4. A individualism B modernism C optimism D realism5. A echo B miss C spoil D change6. A imagined B measured C invented D assumed7. A Sure B Odd C Unfortunate D Often8. A advertised B divided C overt

10、axed D headquartered9. A explain B overstate C summarize D emphasize10. A stages B factors C levels D methods11. A desirable B sociable C reputable D reliable12. A resumed B held Cemerged D broke13. A attribute B assign C transfer Dcompare14. A serious B civilized C ambitious Dexperienced15. A thus

11、B instead C also D never16. A rapidly B regularly C directly D equally17. A After B Until C While D Since18. A arrives B jumps C hints D strikes19. A shape B rediscover C simplify D share 20. A pray for B lean towards C give away D send outSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the follo

12、wing four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Its true that high-school coding classes arent essential for learning computer science in college. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory c

13、ourses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellons School of Computer Science.However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that its not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers but a tool to build apps, or crea

14、te artwork, or test hypotheses. Its not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in t

15、he field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.The Flatiron School, where peo

16、ple pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps thats become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to gear lessons toward things theyre interested in, said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one

17、of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.The students in the Flatiron class probably wont drop out of high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the “Ruby on Rails language they learned may not even be relevant by the ti

18、me they enter the job market. But the skills they learn how to think logically through a problem andorganize the results apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating

19、 a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. These kids are going to be surrounded by computers in their pockets, in their offices, in their homes for the rest of their lives. The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want the ea

20、rlier they learn that they have the power to do that the better.21. Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to_.A. complete future job trainingB. remodel the way of thinkingC. formulate logical hypothesesD. perfect artwork production22. In delivering lessons for high-sc

21、hoolers, Flatiron has considered their_.A. experienceB. academic backgroundsC. career prospectsD. interest23. Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will_.A. help students learn other computer languagesB. have to be upgraded when new technologies comeC. need improving when stud

22、ents look for jobsD. enable students to make big quick money24. According to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to_.A. compete with a future army of programmersB. stay longer in the information technology industryC. become better prepared for the digitalized worldD. bring forth innov

23、ative computer technologies25. The word “coax (Line4, Para.6) is closest in meaning to_.A. challengeB. persuadeC. frightenD. misguideText 2Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens-a kind of bird living on stretching grasslandsonce lent red to the often gray landscape of

24、the midwestern and southwestern United States. But just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying about 16% of the species historic range.The crash was a major reason the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)decided to formally list the bird as threatened. “The lesser prairie chicken is in a despera

25、te situation, said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe. Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as “endangered, a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats. But Ashe and others argued that the“threatened

26、tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. In particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action and with the private landowners who control a

27、n estimated 95% of the prairie chickens habitat.Under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a rangewide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. Negotiated by U

28、SFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat. The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat, USFWS also set an inte

29、rim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years. And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress. Overall, the idea is to let “states remain in the

30、drivers seat for managing the species, Ashe said.Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric Some Congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court Not surprisingly, doesnt go far enough “Th

31、e federal government is giving responsibility for managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction, says biologist Jay Lininger.26. The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is_Aits drastically decreased populationBthe underestimate of the grassland acreageCa desperate appeal from some biologistsDthe insistence of private landowners27.The “threatened tag disappointed