英语四级翻译全.docx

1、英语四级翻译全句子翻译解题方法：第一步：首先快速浏览句子，先看英语不看汉语，从而判断划线处所填句子的形式、时态所谓形式包括：1词组固定搭配（不定式短语、分词短语、动名词、句子等）2虚拟3被动所谓时态是指：根据前后已经给出的英语句子判断所填英语句子的时态。第二步：看括号里面的汉语句子，以核心谓语动词为切入点，找准主谓宾、分清定状补。第三步：先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补，切块对应翻译，重新组合。动词注意时态，名词注意单复数。真题详解：2006.121.Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to (适应不同文化中的生活

2、). 06.12解题步骤:第一步：由it is not easy to可以推出，划线处应该接动词原形。第二步：划分成分“适应不同文化的生活”核心谓语动词是“适应”，“不同文化的”作定语，“生活”作宾语。第三步：1.切块对应翻译：“适应”=adapt; adapt to; adapt oneself to；“生活”=life；“不同文化的”=different cultures2.重新组合：adapt oneself to the life in different cultures正确答案：adapt oneself to the life/living in different cultur

3、es翻 译：跨文化研究专家说，适应不同文化的生活不是一件容易的事情。考察知识点：词组固定搭配adapt oneself to sth/doing sth“适应-”2.Since my childhood I have found that (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力).解题步骤:第一步：由Since my childhood I have found that可以推出，划线处应该填写一个句子，时态需要根据后面的汉语意思作进一步的确定。第二步：划分成分“没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力”核心谓语动词是“比-更有吸引力”， “没有什么”作主语，“读书”作宾语，“对我”作状语。第三步：1.切块对应翻

4、译：“比-更有吸引力”= be more attractive to sb，“没有什么”=nothing，“读书”=reading，“对我”=for/to me。2.重新组合：nothing is more attractive to me than reading正确答案：nothing is more attractive to me than reading翻 译：从儿时起我就发现，没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力。考察知识点：比较级nothing+比较级=最高级；时态：因为从句叙述的是现在的事情，所以用一般现在是即可。3.The victim (本来会有机会活下来) if he had b

5、een taken to hospital in time.解题步骤:第一步：由The victim if he had been taken to hospital in time.可以推出，划线处应该填写谓语动词和宾语使得主句完整，并且主句形式、时态根据后面的if he had been taken to hospital in time确定应该采取虚拟语气，是对过去的虚拟。第二步：划分成分“本来会有机会活下来”核心谓语动词是“本来有机会-”，“活下来”作宾语。第三步：1.切块对应翻译：“本来有机会-”= would have had a chance to do sth，“活下来”=su

6、rvive2.重新组合：would have a chance to survive.正确答案：would have had/stood a chance to survive/of survival翻 译：如果遇难者被及时送往医院的话，他本来会有机会活下来的考察知识点：虚拟语气与过去相反的虚拟语气，从句用had done，主句用would have done有机会做某事：have/stand a chance to do sth/of sth-语法讲解：“虚拟语气”考生应该注意以下几种虚拟语气的形式：第一种：由 “ if ”引导的虚拟句子1. 与现在的事实相反：If - + were/did

7、-, - + would do-If I were you , I would marry him.如果我是你,就会嫁给他。2. 与过去的事实相反：If - + had done-, - +would have done-If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam.如果你用功学习,就会通过考试了。3. 与将来的事实可能相反：If -+ should do-, -+ would do-If it should rain tomorrow , what would you do ?如果明天下雨,你怎么办?第二种：用在表示要求、建议

8、、命令等的名词从句中从句谓语形式为：“-(should ) + do sth”(在美语中should常省去) 。类似用法的动词有：insist (坚持) , suggest (建议) , order(命令) , propose (建议) , demand (要求) , command (命令) , advise (建议) , desire (要求、请求) , request (请求) , require (需要、要求) , ask (要求) , prefer (宁愿), recommend(推荐) , arrange ( 安排) , advocate ( 拥护、提倡) ,maintain(坚决

9、主张)等后面的宾语从句中。第三种：用在“It + be + important (,necessary , natural , essential , strange , absurd , amazing , annoying , desirable, surprising , vital , advisable , anxious , compulsory , crucial , imperative , eager , fitting , possible , impossible , improper , obligatory , probable , preferable , stra

10、nge , urgent 等, 以及insisted , suggested , ordered , requested , arranged , recommended 等) + that -”结构中的that 引导的主语从句中第四种：用在It is time that - 结构中, 表示“该干某事了”, 含建议的意思, 用动词过去式。It is time (that) we went to bed .咱们该睡觉了。注意: time 前可加about (表示“大约”) 或high(表示“强调”) 等。4.Some psychologists claim that people (出门在外时可

11、能会感到孤独).解题步骤:第一步：由Some psychologists claim that people .可以推出，划线处应该填写谓语动词和宾语使得主句完整，并且主句时态用一般现在时。第二步：划分成分“出门在外时可能会感到孤独”核心谓语动词是“可能会感到”，“孤独”作宾语，“出门在外时”作状语。第三步：1.切块对应翻译：“可能会感到”= may feel，“孤独”=lonely，“出门在外时”be away from home.2.重新组合：may feel lonely when they are away from home.正确答案：may feel lonely when the

12、y are away from home.翻 译：一些心理学家认为人们出门在外时可能会感到孤独。考察知识点：词性辨析 lonely. adj.孤独的、寂寞的；alone. adj.独自的难 点： “出门在外”的翻译。When they are not in their hometown5.The nations population continues to rise (以每年1200万人的速度).解题步骤:第一步：由The nations population continues to rise .可以推出，划线处应该填写状语或补语。第二步：划分成分“以每年1200万人的速度”词组固定搭配“

13、以-的速度”，“每年”作状语，“1200万人”作定语。第三步：1.切块对应翻译：“以-的速度”= at a speed of-，“每年”=per year，“1200万人”12 million.2.重新组合：at a speed of 12 million per year.正确答案：at a speed of 12 million per year翻 译：这个国家的人口继续以每年1200万人的速度增长考察知识点：词组固定搭配 at a speed of- “以-的速度”；注意：million不加s1.The club _ （采用一套新的制度） concerning its membershi

14、p.2.My parents are _ （不同意） our picnic plan.3.The swimmer caught in the whirlpool_ （挣扎着避免溺水 . ）4.The carpet was _ （固定在地板上） with tacks.5. （ 2 天了都没有走出沙漠，又没有水喝 ） _he was unquenchable.6.A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back _ （ 主要是由于工作中的压力和紧张造成的 ）.7. More

15、 than 3 million children have health insurance now, and _ （ 超过 250 万的家庭已经摆脱贫困 ）.8. _ （ 除主席之外的所有成员都投票赞成我的建议 ）to set up a branch office in the suburbs.9. The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are _ （ 为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇 ）.10. The population of elderly people is increasing ra

16、pidly because people are living longer than before_ （ 发达国家尤为如此 ）.11. （只要看一眼这封信） _ ， will convince you that you have been taken in.12. Please dont stand in the kitchen, youre_ （挡路了） .13. _ （如果暴露在空气中） , iron will react with the oxygen of the air.14. _ （对听到的事情感到震惊） , he placed both his hands on his mou

17、th.15. Wed better struggle for the future _ （而不是为过去而懊悔） .Answer:1.dopted a new set of rules2.averse to3.struggled to keep from drowning4.fastened to the floor5.Having been in the desert without water for two days6. mainly due to stress and tension in their work7. more than two and a half million fam

18、ilies have been lifted out of poverty8. All the members except the Chairman voted for my proposal9. providing new growth opportunities for Chinas foreign and domestic trade10. especially in developed countries11.A glance at this letter12. in the way13. If exposed to the air14. Shocked at what he had

19、 heard15. rather than regret for the past.练习题1.I have had great deal of trouble_.(跟得上班上的其他同学)2.I dont mind your_(你延期做出决定) the decision as long as it is not too late.3.In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives_(起着不可缺少的作用) in raising children.4.Mark often_(试图逃脱罚款) whenever he breaks t

20、raffic regulations.5.When I _(发现他骗我) I stopped buying thins there and started dealing with another shop.答案及解析：1.keeping up with the rest of the class.【超级句型】trouble可以用在句型have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难中，这时，trouble可以用difficulty来代替。【超级短语】keep up with意为“跟上”，指并肩前进，并驾齐驱，不至落后、掉队。catch up with意为“赶上”，指从后边追上或改

21、变落后状。；2.delaying making【超级单词】mind作及物动词，后面通常接名词、代词、V-ing形式、复合结构、从句等。Delay后接动词时，应该接动词的ing形式。3.play indispensable roles【超级短语】play a part/role in起着作用，饰演的角色。4.attampts to escape being fined【超级单词】escape后面要接动名词形式。常与介词from搭配，如He has escaped from the fire.5.caught /found him cheating me【超级句型】find/catch+宾语+宾补

22、,如I found him standing by the river.练习题1.（这个计划成功的关键） _is good planning.2.The specific use of leisure_(每一人都不同)3.The ship s generator broke down and the pumps_( 不得不用手工操作 ) instead of mechanically.4.Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used_( 习惯了学生迟到 ) his lecture.5.I prefer to communicat

23、e with my customers _( 通过写电子邮件而不是打电话）答案及解析：1.The key to the success of this project【超级单词】key除作名词“钥匙”外，后接介词to，表示“的钥匙，的答案，的关键”。2.from individual to individual.【超级短语】不及物动词vary 的用法。搭配为：vary from to 各不相同。3.had to be operated manually【超级短语】have to通常指由于客观原因则不得不做某事，意思为“不得不”。 其否定形式意思是“不一定”或“没有必要”。4.to studen

24、ts being late for【超级句型】be used to+doing/noun，表示过去习惯于做某事。used to+do，表示过去有规律的习惯性动作或状态，而现在已不存在了。【超级短语】be late for,迟到。【超级句型】ones doing,非谓语动词的复合结构。5.via E-mail instead of telephone【超级短语】Instead of 的意思是“代替”、“而不”，后面常跟名词、代词和动名词，偶尔也跟复合结构练习题1.I suggested he _ （使自己适应） his new conditions.2. What a lovely party!

25、 Its worth_( 牢记一生 ).3. If you wont agree to our plan,_( 他们也不会同意 ).4. His remarks left me _( 想知道他的真实目的 ).5. If you had_ ( 听从了我的劝告，你就不会陷入麻烦）答案及解析：1.should adapt himself to【超级句型】suggest作“建议”时，其宾语从句中要用虚拟句型suggest that sb(should)do sth”结构；从suggest还可以联想到宾语从句中同样要用虚拟语气的相关动词如：insist，demand，order，ask，advise等。

26、【超级短语】adapt oneself to 使自己适应或习惯于，其他搭配： adapt from 根据改写/改编2.remembering all my life【超级单词】Be worth doing/值得做某事,还有说法是worth sth. 如：He is worth the praise.3.neither will they【超级单词】neither表示“两者都不”， 表示也、也不 的句子要部分倒装。如：If you wont go, neither will I.4.wondering about his real purpose【超级单词】leave sb doing 让继续处

27、于某种状态；leave sb to do sth 让某人干某事5.followed my advice, you would not be in trouble now.【超级句型】虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法从句：if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用were) + 主句：主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形+ 1.After the terrorist attack, tourists _ ( 被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游）2.( 他把自己奉献于社区工作 ) _ and is passionate about what he is doin

28、g.3:Man should not exploit the natural resources _ ( 以牺牲其他物种为代价 ).4.When Sandy recovered from cancer, her doctor _ ( 把此归因于她对未来的信念 ).5.At the end of his speech, the school master encouraged the children to work hard _ ( 不要让父母失望 ).答案和讲解:1.were advised not to travel to that country at the moment【超级单词】advise 一般用法： advise sb. to do; advise doing特殊注意： 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：advise that sb. (should) do的形式。2.he devoted himself to the community【超级短语】be devoted to 有两个含义：A.专心致志于，献身于；B.热爱，很喜欢。作为动词的devote常用下列成语类的搭配：devote oneself/ones life to sth/doing sth.3.at the cost o