英语 高中英语阅读理解试题有答案和解析及解析.docx

1、英语 高中英语阅读理解试题有答案和解析及解析（英语） 高中英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Durian(榴莲) is probably the smelliest fruit in the world, letting out an unusual unpleasant smell which would make anyone bring up. However, nobody was aware of what gave this fruit its unique smell, so a team of researchers from Singapo

2、re decided to take a look at its genome (基因组) and find out, Durian is well-known throughout Southeast Asia as the king of fruits, mostly because of its awful appearance and smell. However, the origin of this unpleasant smell was unknown, so researchers decided to map the genome of the fruit, and fin

3、d the gene that controlled it. A group of genes, volatile sulfur compounds (含硫化合物), became very active in the fruit, and they were found responsible for resulting in the unpleasant smell. The fruit confuses everyone with a sulfuric smell, like rotten onions and ingredients. The smell lasts long, mos

4、tly because the fruit contains more volatile sulfur compounds. Other species usually benefit from two gene copies at most, but durian has four, leading to the striking smell. However, this smell might be an advantage for durian in the wild. Although we find it unpleasant, many animals might be attra

5、cted by it. If they eat the fruit, then they can easily spread its seeds everywhere, thus contributing to the distribution of the species. The mapping of the durian genome also showed some other information on the species. First of all, the fruit has an impressive number of genes, namely 46,000. Als

6、o, with the help of these genes, they saw how it evolved, and discovered it was related to the cacao tree. All the other discoveries have been published in the journal Nature Genetics. Despite the striking smell, many people actually enjoy eating the fruit. However, not all durian species are edible

7、, and some of them may even cause damage to our health, Even so, the fruit is often imported, significantly contributing to the economy.（1）What give durian its unique smell? A.Onions nearby.B.Two gene copies.C.Rotten ingredients in it.D.Volatile sulfur compounds.（2）What does the underlined word “evo

8、lved” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A.Developed.B.Escaped.C.Predicted.D.Tolerated.（3）What can we infer from the text? A.No birds enjoy eating durian.B.Durian can be planted all over the world.C.Some of durian species can not be eaten.D.Durian has no relationship with the cacao tree.（4）Whats the best

9、 title for the text? A.Whats Durian?B.The Influence of the SmellC.The Distribution of DurianD.The Mystery of the Unpleasant Smell of Durian【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，新加坡的研究者找出导致水果有难闻气味的原因就是水果中含有的挥发性硫化合物非常活跃，这种气味对于野外生存榴莲来说有利于吸引动物来吃这种水果，同时传播种子。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“so researchers decided to map

10、 the genome of the fruit, and find the gene that controlled it. A group of genes, volatile sulfur compounds (含硫化合物), became very active in the fruit, and they were found responsible for resulting in the unpleasant smell.”可知，研究人员找到一组基因挥发性硫化合物（South-Type），在水果中非常活跃，发现是它们导致了这种难闻的气味。故选D。(2)考查词义猜测。根据倒数第二段

11、内容可知，研究者画出了榴莲的基因图。通过基因图，发现了这种水果的基因庞大，有46000条基因。在这些基因的帮助下，他们了解了榴莲的基因如何演变的，并发现榴莲与可可树有关。A项develop“使进化”，与划线词 evolved 是同义词。故选A。(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“not all durian species are edible, and some of them may even cause dam6.age to our health,”可知，并不是所有的榴莲都是能吃的，有些榴莲是不可以吃的。由此可推断出选C。(4)考查主旨大意。文章说榴莲可能是世界上最臭的水果，但没有人

12、知道原因。新加坡的研究者决定来查明原因。最后通过绘制的榴莲基因图发现了它难闻气味的原因。由此可知，本文最好的题目应该是“榴莲难闻之谜”最为适合，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Im not much of a gardener. I love having beautiful flowers-but I dont have a good track record when it comes to making

13、them grow. A few months after our son left for the Middle East, my friend gifted me a box of tulip bulbs (郁金香球茎). She explained that these bulbs were put into the ground in the fall and lay sleeping all winter. They had all the nutrients they needed inside the bulb and would come out in the spring.

14、When you see the leaves of the tiny flowers pushing toward the sun, youll know that its almost time for your son to come home. Theyll give you what you need most. She walked me through the process of planting them. I thanked her trying to show my gratitude for her gift. It was a long winter cold and

15、 dark. I endured both the weather and the loneliness and fear I felt with my son away. Dead leaves, frost and finally a heavy snow covered the area where Id planted those flowers, and I soon forgot they were there. Finally the weather began to warm. One day, as I walked down my front steps, I notice

16、d an area of green. I bent down to inspect the situation more clearly and saw that those tulips had begun to grow, their tiny leaves forcing their way to the sun. Day after day I noted the flowers progress. And day after day, the time approached when my son would finally be home. Now with spring jus

17、t around the corner, nothing could keep either of us from marching toward the light. Almost all of those bulbs bloomed. And with each brightly colored flower, I marked off one day closer to getting to hold my son in my arms again.（1）What can we know about the author? A.She is a professional gardener

18、.B.She is not good at growing flowers.C.She never plants flowers at home.D.She often sends friends flowers as gifts.（2）Why did the writer forget the tulip bulbs soon? A.The bitter winter reminded her of her son far away.B.She was discouraged from making another attempt.C.They failed to live through

19、the cold and long winter.D.She had no hope for beautiful flowers indeed.（3）What were those flowers mentioned in the last paragraph referred to? A.A physical representation of the hope.B.Things deep inside her heart and soul.C.A lesson she will never forget completely.D.The trouble she had in making

20、them come out.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text? A.A dark winter with hope.B.Planting hope in winter.C.An area of green in spring.D.Living a changeable life.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者的儿子去了中东，作者感到孤独和寂寞。一位朋友送来了一盒郁金香球茎，这种花的种植，给作者带来了希望。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Im not much of a garden

21、er. I love having beautiful flowers-but I dont have a good track record when it comes to making them grow.”我不是个好园丁，我喜欢漂亮的花，但我在种植方面没有良好的记录，可知，作者虽然喜欢花，但不擅长种花。故选B。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“It was a long winter cold and dark Dead leaves, frost and finally a heavy snow covered the area where Id planted those fl

22、owers, and I soon forgot they were there.”那是一个漫长的冬天又冷又黑枯叶、霜和最后那场雪覆盖了我种那些花的地方，我很快救忘记了它们的存在，可知，冬天很冷、很长，故推测作者忘记它们是因为觉得它们熬不过这个冬天，即没对它们抱有希望。故选D。 （3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Day after day I noted the flowers progress. And day after day, the time approached when my son would finally be home. ”我日复一日的关注这花的成长。一天又一天我的儿

23、子终于要回家了；以及“And with each brightly colored flower, I marked off one day closer to getting to hold my son in my arms again. ”每开一朵色彩鲜艳的花，都标志着我离再次把儿子抱在怀里的日子又近了一天，可知，每开一朵花就代表作者儿子的归来近了一天，即花就是儿子回来的希望。故选A。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“She explained that these bulbs were put into the ground in the fall and lay sleeping

24、 all winter. They had all the nutrients they needed inside the bulb and would come out in the spring. When you see the leaves of the tiny flowers pushing toward the sun, youll know that its almost time for your son to come home. ”她说这些郁金香球茎秋天种下，整个冬天都在土里。它们的球茎内有生长所需的营养物质，到了春天的就会从土里出来。当你看到这些小花的叶子朝着太阳的方

25、向生长时，你就知道你的儿子差不多该回家了，可知，本文主要讲述了冬天种下的郁金香球茎在春天会长出来，这也意味着作者的儿子快要回来，即花代表着作者儿子回来的希望。B故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Learning, Fast and Deep Over the past five years researchers in artificial intelligence have become the rock stars of the technolo

26、gy world. A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural(神经的) networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns, has proven so useful that skilled practitioners can command high six-figure salaries to build software for Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google. The standard rou

27、te into these jobs has been a PhD in computer science from one of Americas top universities. Earning one takes years and requires a personality suited to academia, which is rare among more normal folk. That is changing. Last month fast.ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco,

28、kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning. Since its foundation it has attracted more than 100, 000 students around the globe from India to Nigeria. The course and others like it, come with a simple idea: there is no need to spend years obtaining a PhD in order to practise deep learni

29、ng. Creating software that learns can be taught as a craft, not as a high intellectual pursuit to be undertaken only in an ivory tower. Fast. ais course can be completed in just seven weeks. To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn how to build AI software is the aim of Jeremy Howard, who

30、founded fast.ai with Rachel Thomas, a mathematician. He says school mathematics is sufficient. No. Greek. Letters, Mr. Howard intones, pounding the table with his fist for punctuation. Some experts worry that this will serve only to create a flood of unreliable AI systems which will be useless at be

31、st and dangerous at worst. In the earliest days of the Internet, only a select few nerds, namely computer holies with specific skills, could build applications. Not many people used them. Then the invention of the World Wide Web led to an explosion of web pages, both good and bad. But it was only by opening up to all that the Internet gave birth to online shopping, instant global communications and search. If Mr. Howard and others have their way, making