高考英语十年真题精解全国Ⅰ卷专题08 状语从句必考点解析版.docx

1、高考英语十年真题精解全国卷专题08 状语从句必考点解析版三观一统十年高考真题精解 08 状语从句十年树木，百年树人，十年磨一剑。本专辑按照最新2020年考纲，对近十年高考真题精挑细选，去伪存真，挑选符合最新考纲要求的真题，按照考点/考向同类归纳，难度分层精析，对全国卷具有重要的应试性和导向性。三观指的观三题（观母题、观平行题、观扇形题），一统指的是统一考点/考向，并对十年真题进行标灰（调整不考或低频考点标灰色）。（一）2020考纲考点2020考纲要求（1）状语从句连接词的用法（2）与状语从句相关的综合运用（二）本节考向题型研究汇总题型考向考点/考向2020考纲要求语法填空（1）在具体语篇中，综

2、合考查状语从句相关知识短文改错（2）在具体语篇中，综合考查状语从句相关知识单项填空（3）在语境中，考查状语从句相关知识2014年前考向题型研究一： 语法填空（考点-状语从句的用法）（2016全国）Over time，_ the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.【答案】as/when【解析】随着时间的过去，随着人口的增长，人们开始把食物切除小块，所以烹制起来更快。as/when引导时间状语从句。12016四川_ it cried，she rocked

3、 it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.【答案】When/If【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。如果它（小熊猫）哭了，熊猫妈妈会摇晃它，用手掌轻拍安慰它。22016北京I really enjoy listening to music _ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.【答案】because【解析】考查原因状语从句的连接词。我真的喜欢听音乐，因为它帮助我放松。32015北京_ the damage is done，it wi

4、ll take many years for the farmland to recover.【答案】Once/If/When【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。一旦被毁坏，需要花费许多年的时间回复农田。1.2015广东卷One day, the cow was eating grass _20_ it began to rain heavily.【答案】when 【解析】考查连词。根据“the cow was eating grassit began to rain heavily.”可知，本句中一个动作发生，另一个动作正在进行，用连词when。2.【2013湖南卷】When kids in pa

5、rts of the world want to play, they often make soccer balls out of trash tied together with string. “_48_ the areas used for playing fields are often rough and rocky, millions of real balls go flat(变瘪) within 24 hours，” says Tim Jahnigen, a California businessman.【答案】because【解析】考查原因状语从句的连词。因为被用于种植的地

6、区常常是粗糙和有石头的地方。3.2012广东卷_20_ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little harder for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didnt stop the kids in the class.【答案】If【解析】考查连词。因he thought与he was wrong是两个句子，且两者之间没有关联词，必定是填关

7、联词；根据两句之间的逻辑关系是条件关系，应填连词if(如果，要是)。且首字母要大写。句意为：如果他认为坐在教室的后排就能逃脱大家的注意，那他就想错了。时间状语从句1when，while，as2017陕西西安质检When he knocked at the door，I was working at the table.他敲门时我正在桌子旁边工作。I want the girls to experience that while they are young.我希望那些女孩们趁着年轻的时候去体验一下那样的生活。As speech develops，the child starts to stri

8、ng more words together.随着语言能力不断发展，孩子开始把更多的词连起来说。When/While/As I was walking down the street，I came across an old friend of mine.当我沿大街行走时，碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。考点总结1when既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。2从属连词while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。3从属连词as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成，可译为“一边，(一边)”或“随着”。4如果主句表示

9、的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，此时when，while与as可互换使用。2when的特殊用法om was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.周五，我们正在收拾行李准备外出度周末，这时我的女儿听到了求救的呼喊。He had

10、just finished his homework when his mother asked him to play the piano.他刚完成作业母亲就让他弹钢琴。考点总结1when意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。常见句型有：2when还可表原因，意为“既然”。3表示“刚就，一就”的常用表达2017福建泉州模拟The moment I heard the voice，I knew Father was coming.我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。My mom didnt wait a moment，but came immediately she

11、received my call.我妈妈未等片刻，而是一接到我的电话就赶来了。He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at onceHardly had I got to the

12、 office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.刚到办公室，我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。考点总结1as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the minute，the instant，no sooner.than.，hardly/scarcely.when.和once(一就)上述从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一就”。2no sooner.than.，hardly/scarcely.when.的时态搭配：no sooner与ha

13、rdly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，主句应用倒装语序。4before与sinceWe need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.在能够解决这个问题之前，我们需要找到它的根源所在。2015重庆If you miss this chance，it may be years before you get another one.如果你错过了这次机会的话，那可能要等到多年之后

14、你才能再次获得机会。As is reported，it is 100 years since Qinghua University was founded.据报道，自从清华大学成立已经有100年了。考点总结1before表示“还未就；不到就；才；趁；还没来得及就；在之前”。2It will be一段时间before.“多久之后才”。3It wont be long before.“不久之后就”。4It was一段时间before.“过了多久才”。5It is一段时间since.“自从多久了”。5表示“每次；下一次”的常用表达2017安徽芜湖模拟You dont have to go runni

15、ng upstairs every time she rings.用不着她一来电话你就往楼上跑。Next time you go shopping，buy a few extra fruits and vegetables.下次你去买东西，多买点水果蔬菜。The last time we moved house there were very few breakages.我们上次搬家时几乎没有什么物品破损。考点总结every time，each time，next time，the last time，any time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当；每次；下次”等。6till，un

16、til和not.untilHave you heard the meeting will be put off till/until next Tuesday?这个会议将被推迟到下周二，你有没有听说？I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he has been working on it for half an hour.直到这个学生做这道数学题用了半个小时的时间，我才会告诉他答案。考点总结1until或till表示“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”，此时主句谓语动词是延续性动词，主、从句都为肯定式。这两个词可

17、以换用，但till不可以置于句首，而until可以。2not.until表示“某动作直到某时间才开始”，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式。地点状语从句Where he once felt like giving up，he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.在他曾经想要放弃的地方，他现在有决心进一步推进并且坚持下去了。Where(ver) theres plenty of sun and rain，the fields are green.哪里阳光、雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。考点总结1地点状语从句

18、通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。2地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。条件状语从句2015江苏It is so cold that you cant go outside unless fully covered in thick clothes.天太冷了，你不能出去，除非你被厚厚的衣服包裹得严严实实。He has been granted his freedom on condition that he leaves the country.他已获准恢复自由，条件是他离开这个国家。Suppose/Supposing (that) they

19、 refuse us，who else can we turn to for help?假如他们拒绝了我们，我们还可以求助谁？考点总结引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if，unless(if.not除非)，so/as long as(只要)，in case(万一)，on condition that(条件是)，suppose/supposing(假设，如果)，provided that(如果)等。让步状语从句Although regular exercise is very important，its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedti

20、me.尽管经常锻炼非常重要，但是在临近就寝的时候进行锻炼绝不是一个好主意。Although/Though/While the students came from different countries，they got along quite well in the summer camp.虽然这些学生来自不同的国家，但他们在这个夏令营中相处得很好。He is so busy.He cannot afford enough time with his son even if he wants to.他太忙了，尽管他想陪儿子，但就是抽不出足够的时间。Intelligent as you are

21、，I suspect you will fail.尽管你聪明，我猜想你会失败。引导让步状语从句的连词考点总结1although/though(尽管，虽然)，even though/even if(即使)。2whether.or.(不管还是)；疑问词ever(不管；无论)，如whatever，whoever，whichever，however，whenever，wherever等；no matter疑问词(不管；无论)。3as引导让步状语从句时要用倒装语序，though引导时则可用倒装语序或自然语序。4从属连词while也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。原因状语从句Since she

22、was indoors，she had not been wearing a coat.由于她在室内，就没有穿外套。Now that you have grown up，you must do it by yourself.既然你已经长大了，就必须自己做这件事。考点总结引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because，as，since(既然)，now that，seeing that，considering that(考虑到)。方式状语从句The house was greatly damaged by the truck.Wed better leave things as they are un

23、til the police arrive.卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损坏。我们最好保持原样直到警察到来。The construction industry is no longer as depressed as it was.建筑业不再像以往那样萧条了。The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.这位老太太对待这个男孩就像他是她自己的儿子似的。考点总结引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as，as if，as though等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后。其中as if或as though引导的从句常用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况

24、与事实相符或很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。结果状语从句He is such a learned person that we admire him very much.He is so learned a person that we admire him very much.他如此有学问，以至于我们非常赞赏他。It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.天气如此晴朗，以至于我们都想去公园。He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the dif

25、ficult problems.He was so clever a student as to be able to work out all the difficult problems.他是一名如此聪明的学生，以至于他能够解决所有难题。考点总结1引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so.that.，such.that.。在非正式语体中，由so.that.，such.that.引导的句子中的that可以省略，注意其结构形式：2当so或such所在的主句主语与结果状语从句中的主语一致时，还可简化为：so/such.as to.。目的状语从句When he goes out，he often wear

26、s sunglasses so that/in order that nobody/no one can recognize him.他出门的时候常戴着墨镜，以便没人能认出他。The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.那个男孩藏在树后面，以防他父亲看到他。Take your raincoat in case/lest it should rain.带上雨衣以防下雨。引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so that，in order that，for fear that，in

27、case (that)/lest等。1in order that，so that两个连词都意为“以便；为了”，它们引导的状语从句中常用情态动词。2for fear that，in case (that)/lest引导目的状语从句时，for fear that表示“害怕，担心某事会发生”；in case (that)/lest表示“以防出现某种情况”。考向题型研究二： 短文改错（考点-状语从句的误用）（2013新课标I）In fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework w

28、ith me.【答案】during-when 【解析】根据they came over to play or do homework with me.是句子，所以，用连词when，during是介词，不能连接状语从句。1.（2015浙江）If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it.【答案】If-Although/Though【解析】考查连词的用法 ，根据句意“尽管在我读书的时候我是一个小孩，但我不会忘记它”表达让步，而不是条件。而且翻译为如果意思上也不通。2.（2015陕西）My

29、only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.【答案】after改成when/while【解析】句意：我唯一的错误是在我将它们打包的时候将它们掉在地上。after改成when/while（2018全国II）The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.【答案】where改为when【解析】考查时间状语从句。根据后面的“I was a chi

30、ld”可知,这是一个时间状语从句,故将where改为when。短文改错中对于连词的考查主要涉及连词使用不当，缺少连词以及多余连词(although不能与but连用，because不能与so连用)等情况。对于连词的考查，注意首先判断两个或两个以上的单词、短语或单句之间是否有连词，再根据不同的句式结构，判断连词是否运用正确。解题时，可以注意以下几个方面：(1)把握前后两句话之间的衔接关系，判定是并列句、主语从句、定语从句还是状语从句，根据连词在句中作何成分，判断正误；(2)注意but转折、and并列、or或者(选择)、so因此(结果)等逻辑关系词之间的混用；(3)注意although/though/while不与but连用；since/as/because不与so连用；(4)注意but与and，and与or，or与so，after与before等连词的用法区别。状语从句易错点对于状语从句，在实际运用中主要存在以下问题：1从句意识缺乏The Expo is very attractive. We are all eager to pay a visit to it.The Expo is so attractive that we