国际经济学作业答案第三章.docx

1、国际经济学作业答案第三章1Chapter 3 Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage -The Ricardian Model1Multiple Choice Questions1. Countries trade with each other because they are _ and because of _。(a） different, costs（b) similar， scale economies(c) different， scale economies（d) similar, costs（e) None of the abo

2、ve。Answer： C2. Trade between two countries can benefit both countries if(a） each country exports that good in which it has a comparative advantage。(b) each country enjoys superior terms of trade.（c） each country has a more elastic demand for the imported goods。（d） each country has a more elastic sup

3、ply for the supplied goods。（e) Both （c) and (d）.Answer： A3. The Ricardian theory of comparative advantage states that a country has a comparative advantagein widgets if(a) output per worker of widgets is higher in that country。（b） that countrys exchange rate is low。(c) wage rates in that country are

4、 high。(d） the output per worker of widgets as compared to the output of some other product is higher in that country.(e) Both (b) and (c).Answer: D4。 In order to know whether a country has a comparative advantage in the production of one particular product we need information on at least _unit labor

5、 requirements(a) one(b) two(c) three(d） four（e） fiveAnswer: D5。 A country engaging in trade according to the principles of comparative advantage gains from trade because it（a） is producing exports indirectly more efficiently than it could alternatively.(b） is producing imports indirectly more effici

6、ently than it could domestically。(c) is producing exports using fewer labor units.（d） is producing imports indirectly using fewer labor units.（e） None of the above.Answer： B6. Given the following information:Unit Labor RequirementsClothWidgetsHome1020Foreign6030（a） Neither country has a comparative

7、advantage。(b) Home has a comparative advantage in cloth.（c） Foreign has a comparative advantage in cloth.（d） Home has a comparative advantage in widgets。（e） Home has a comparative advantage in both products.Answer: B7. If it is ascertained that Foreign uses prisonslave labor to produce its exports，

8、then home should（a) export cloth。（b) export widgets.(c) export both and import nothing.（d) export and import nothing。(e) All of the above。Answer: A8. If the Home economy suffered a meltdown, and the Unit Labor Requirements in each of the products quadrupled （that is, doubled to 30 for cloth and 60 f

9、or widgets) then home should(a) export cloth.（b) export widgets.(c） export both and import nothing.（d) export and import nothing。（e) All of the above.Answer： A9。 If wages were to double in Home， then Home should:(a） export cloth.(b） export widgets.(c） export both and import nothing.(d） export and im

10、port nothing。(e） All of the above。Answer： A10。 If the world equilibrium price of widgets were 4 Cloths, then（a) both countries could benefit from trade with each other。(b) neither country could benefit from trade with each other.（c) each country will want to export the good in which it enjoys compar

11、ative advantage.(d) neither country will want to export the good in which it enjoys comparative advantage.(e) both countries will want to specialize in cloth。Answer： A11。 Given the following information:Number of Units Produced by one Unit of LaborClothWidgetsHome1020Foreign6030(a） Neither country h

12、as a comparative advantage.(b） Home has a comparative advantage in cloth.（c） Foreign has a comparative advantage in cloth.(d） Foreign has a comparative advantage in widgets。(e） Home has a comparative advantage in both products.Answer: C12. The opportunity cost of cloth in terms of widgets in Foreign

13、 is if it is ascertained that Foreign uses prison-slave labor to produce its exports， then home should(a) export cloth.（b） export widgets。(c) export both and import nothing.(d） export and import nothing。(e） All of the above。Answer: B13。 If wages were to double in Home， then Home should（a） export clo

14、th。(b) export widgets.(c) export both and import nothing.(d) export and import nothing.（e） All of the above.Answer: B14. If the world equilibrium price of widgets were 4 Cloths， then（a） both countries could benefit from trade with each other.(b） neither country could benefit from trade with each oth

15、er。（c) each country will want to export the good in which it enjoys comparative advantage。（d） neither country will want to export the good in which it enjoys comparative advantage.（e) both countries will want to specialize in cloth。Answer： A15。 If the world equilibrium price of widgets were 40 cloth

16、s, then（a） both countries could benefit from trade with each other。（b） neither country could benefit from trade with each other。（c） each country will want to export the good in which it enjoys comparative advantage.(d) neither country will want to export the good in which it enjoys comparative advan

17、tage.（e) both countries will want to specialize in cloth.Answer: A16. In a two product two country world， international trade can lead to increases in(a） consumer welfare only if output of both products is increased。(b） output of both products and consumer welfare in both countries。（c） total product

18、ion of both products but not consumer welfare in both countries。(d) consumer welfare in both countries but not total production of both products。(e) None of the aboveAnswer: B17. As a result of trade, specialization in the Ricardian model tends to be(a） complete with constant costs and with increasi

19、ng costs。（b) complete with constant costs and incomplete with increasing costs.(c) incomplete with constant costs and complete with increasing costs.(d） incomplete with constant costs and incomplete with increasing costs.(e) None of the above。Answer： B18. As a result of trade between two countries w

20、hich are of completely different economic sizes， specialization in the Ricardian 2X2 model tends to be（a） incomplete in both countries(b） complete in both countries（c） complete in the small country but incomplete in the large country(d） complete in the large country but incomplete in the small count

21、ry（e） None of the aboveAnswer: C19. A nation engaging in trade according to the Ricardian model will find its consumption bundle（a） inside its production possibilities frontier.（b) on its production possibilities frontier.（c) outside its production possibilities frontier.(d） inside its trade-partner

22、s production possibilities frontier。（e) on its tradepartners production possibilities frontier.Answer: C20。 In the Ricardian model, if a countrys trade is restricted， this will cause all except which？（a) Limit specialization and the division of labor.（b) Reduce the volume of trade and the gains from

23、 trade(c） Cause nations to produce inside their production possibilities curves(d） May result in a country producing some of the product of its comparative disadvantage（e） None of the above.Answer: C21. If a very small country trades with a very large country according to the Ricardian model, then(a

24、) the small country will suffer a decrease in economic welfare.(b） the large country will suffer a decrease in economic welfare.（c） the small country only will enjoy gains from trade.(d) the large country will enjoy gains from trade.（e） None of the above。Answer： C22. If the world terms of trade for

25、a country are somewhere between the domestic cost ratio of H and that of F, then(a） country H but not country F will gain from trade。(b） country H and country F will both gain from trade。(c） neither country H nor F will gain from trade.(d) only the country whose government subsidizes its exports wil

26、l gain.（e) None of the above.Answer： B23. If the world terms of trade equal those of country F， then（a) country H but not country F will gain from trade.（b) country H and country F will both gain from trade。(c） neither country H nor F will gain from trade.（d） only the country whose government subsid

27、izes its exports will gain.(e） None of the above.Answer: A24. If the world terms of trade equal those of country, F then(a） country H but not country F will gain from trade.(b) country H and country F will both gain from trade。（c) neither country H nor F will gain from trade。(d） only the country who

28、se government subsidizes its exports will gain.（e） None of the above。Answer： E25。 If a production possibilities frontier is bowed out （concave to the origin）， then production occurs under conditions of(a） constant opportunity costs。(b） increasing opportunity costs。（c） decreasing opportunity costs.(d

29、） infinite opportunity costs.（e) None of the above。Answer： B26. If the production possibilities frontier of one the trade partners （“Country A) is bowed out （concave to the origin）， then increased specialization in production by that country will(a） Increase the economic welfare of both countries。（b

30、） Increase the economic welfare of only Country A。（c) Decrease the economic welfare of Country A。(d) Decrease the economic welfare of Country B.（e） None of the above.Answer: A27. If two countries have identical production possibility frontiers， then trade between them is not likely if(a） their suppl

31、y curves are identical。(b） their cost functions are identical.(c) their demand conditions identical。(d) their incomes are identical.(e） None of the above。Answer: E28. If two countries have identical production possibility frontiers， then trade between them is not likely if(a） their supply curves are identical。（b） their cost functions are identical.（c) their demand functions differ。（d） their incomes are identical。(e） None of the above。Answer: C29. The earliest statement of the principle of comparative advan