国际经济学作业答案第三章.docx

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国际经济学作业答案第三章

1Chapter3LaborProductivityandComparativeAdvantage-TheRicardianModel

1⏹ MultipleChoiceQuestions

1.Countriestradewitheachotherbecausetheyare_______andbecauseof______。

(a)different,costs

(b)similar,scaleeconomies

(c)different,scaleeconomies

(d)similar,costs

(e)Noneoftheabove。

Answer:

C

2.Tradebetweentwocountriescanbenefitbothcountriesif

(a)eachcountryexportsthatgoodinwhichithasacomparativeadvantage。

(b)eachcountryenjoyssuperiortermsoftrade.

(c)eachcountryhasamoreelasticdemandfortheimportedgoods。

(d)eachcountryhasamoreelasticsupplyforthesuppliedgoods。

(e)Both(c)and(d).

Answer:

A

3.TheRicardiantheoryofcomparativeadvantagestatesthatacountryhasacomparativeadvantage

inwidgetsif

(a)outputperworkerofwidgetsishigherinthatcountry。

(b)thatcountry’sexchangerateislow。

(c)wageratesinthatcountryarehigh。

(d)theoutputperworkerofwidgetsascomparedtotheoutputofsomeotherproductishigherinthatcountry.

(e)Both(b)and(c).

Answer:

D

4。

Inordertoknowwhetheracountryhasacomparativeadvantageintheproductionofoneparticularproductweneedinformationonatleast____unitlaborrequirements

(a)one

(b)two

(c)three

(d)four

(e)five

Answer:

D

5。

Acountryengagingintradeaccordingtotheprinciplesofcomparativeadvantagegainsfromtradebecauseit

(a)isproducingexportsindirectlymoreefficientlythanitcouldalternatively.

(b)isproducingimportsindirectlymoreefficientlythanitcoulddomestically。

(c)isproducingexportsusingfewerlaborunits.

(d)isproducingimportsindirectlyusingfewerlaborunits.

(e)Noneoftheabove.

Answer:

B

6.Giventhefollowinginformation:

UnitLaborRequirements

Cloth

Widgets

Home

10

20

Foreign

60

30

(a)Neithercountryhasacomparativeadvantage。

(b)Homehasacomparativeadvantageincloth.

(c)Foreignhasacomparativeadvantageincloth.

(d)Homehasacomparativeadvantageinwidgets。

(e)Homehasacomparativeadvantageinbothproducts.

Answer:

B

7.IfitisascertainedthatForeignusesprison—slavelabortoproduceitsexports,thenhomeshould

(a)exportcloth。

(b)exportwidgets.

(c)exportbothandimportnothing.

(d)exportandimportnothing。

(e)Alloftheabove。

Answer:

A

8.IftheHomeeconomysufferedameltdown,andtheUnitLaborRequirementsineachoftheproductsquadrupled(thatis,doubledto30forclothand60forwidgets)thenhomeshould

(a)exportcloth.

(b)exportwidgets.

(c)exportbothandimportnothing.

(d)exportandimportnothing。

(e)Alloftheabove.

Answer:

A

9。

IfwagesweretodoubleinHome,thenHomeshould:

(a)exportcloth.

(b)exportwidgets.

(c)exportbothandimportnothing.

(d)exportandimportnothing。

(e)Alloftheabove。

Answer:

A

10。

Iftheworldequilibriumpriceofwidgetswere4Cloths,then

(a)bothcountriescouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother。

(b)neithercountrycouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother.

(c)eachcountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage.

(d)neithercountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage.

(e)bothcountrieswillwanttospecializeincloth。

Answer:

A

11。

Giventhefollowinginformation:

NumberofUnitsProducedbyoneUnitofLabor

Cloth

Widgets

Home

10

20

Foreign

60

30

(a)Neithercountryhasacomparativeadvantage.

(b)Homehasacomparativeadvantageincloth.

(c)Foreignhasacomparativeadvantageincloth.

(d)Foreignhasacomparativeadvantageinwidgets。

(e)Homehasacomparativeadvantageinbothproducts.

Answer:

C

12.TheopportunitycostofclothintermsofwidgetsinForeignisifitisascertainedthatForeignusesprison-slavelabortoproduceitsexports,thenhomeshould

(a)exportcloth.

(b)exportwidgets。

(c)exportbothandimportnothing.

(d)exportandimportnothing。

(e)Alloftheabove。

Answer:

B

13。

IfwagesweretodoubleinHome,thenHomeshould

(a)exportcloth。

(b)exportwidgets.

(c)exportbothandimportnothing.

(d)exportandimportnothing.

(e)Alloftheabove.

Answer:

B

14.Iftheworldequilibriumpriceofwidgetswere4Cloths,then

(a)bothcountriescouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother.

(b)neithercountrycouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother。

(c)eachcountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage。

(d)neithercountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage.

(e)bothcountrieswillwanttospecializeincloth。

Answer:

A

15。

Iftheworldequilibriumpriceofwidgetswere40cloths,then

(a)bothcountriescouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother。

(b)neithercountrycouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother。

(c)eachcountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage.

(d)neithercountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage.

(e)bothcountrieswillwanttospecializeincloth.

Answer:

A

16.Inatwoproducttwocountryworld,internationaltradecanleadtoincreasesin

(a)consumerwelfareonlyifoutputofbothproductsisincreased。

(b)outputofbothproductsandconsumerwelfareinbothcountries。

(c)totalproductionofbothproductsbutnotconsumerwelfareinbothcountries。

(d)consumerwelfareinbothcountriesbutnottotalproductionofbothproducts。

(e)Noneoftheabove

Answer:

B

17.Asaresultoftrade,specializationintheRicardianmodeltendstobe

(a)completewithconstantcostsandwithincreasingcosts。

(b)completewithconstantcostsandincompletewithincreasingcosts.

(c)incompletewithconstantcostsandcompletewithincreasingcosts.

(d)incompletewithconstantcostsandincompletewithincreasingcosts.

(e)Noneoftheabove。

Answer:

B

18.Asaresultoftradebetweentwocountrieswhichareofcompletelydifferenteconomicsizes,specializationintheRicardian2X2modeltendstobe

(a)incompleteinbothcountries

(b)completeinbothcountries

(c)completeinthesmallcountrybutincompleteinthelargecountry

(d)completeinthelargecountrybutincompleteinthesmallcountry

(e)Noneoftheabove

Answer:

C

19.AnationengagingintradeaccordingtotheRicardianmodelwillfinditsconsumptionbundle

(a)insideitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.

(b)onitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.

(c)outsideitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.

(d)insideitstrade-partner'sproductionpossibilitiesfrontier。

(e)onitstrade—partner’sproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.

Answer:

C

20。

IntheRicardianmodel,ifacountry’stradeisrestricted,thiswillcauseallexceptwhich?

(a)Limitspecializationandthedivisionoflabor.

(b)Reducethevolumeoftradeandthegainsfromtrade

(c)Causenationstoproduceinsidetheirproductionpossibilitiescurves

(d)Mayresultinacountryproducingsomeoftheproductofitscomparativedisadvantage

(e)Noneoftheabove.

Answer:

C

21.IfaverysmallcountrytradeswithaverylargecountryaccordingtotheRicardianmodel,then

(a)thesmallcountrywillsufferadecreaseineconomicwelfare.

(b)thelargecountrywillsufferadecreaseineconomicwelfare.

(c)thesmallcountryonlywillenjoygainsfromtrade.

(d)thelargecountrywillenjoygainsfromtrade.

(e)Noneoftheabove。

Answer:

C

22.IftheworldtermsoftradeforacountryaresomewherebetweenthedomesticcostratioofHandthatofF,then

(a)countryHbutnotcountryFwillgainfromtrade。

(b)countryHandcountryFwillbothgainfromtrade。

(c)neithercountryHnorFwillgainfromtrade.

(d)onlythecountrywhosegovernmentsubsidizesitsexportswillgain.

(e)Noneoftheabove.

Answer:

B

23.IftheworldtermsoftradeequalthoseofcountryF,then

(a)countryHbutnotcountryFwillgainfromtrade.

(b)countryHandcountryFwillbothgainfromtrade。

(c)neithercountryHnorFwillgainfromtrade.

(d)onlythecountrywhosegovernmentsubsidizesitsexportswillgain.

(e)Noneoftheabove.

Answer:

A

24.Iftheworldtermsoftradeequalthoseofcountry,Fthen

(a)countryHbutnotcountryFwillgainfromtrade.

(b)countryHandcountryFwillbothgainfromtrade。

(c)neithercountryHnorFwillgainfromtrade。

(d)onlythecountrywhosegovernmentsubsidizesitsexportswillgain.

(e)Noneoftheabove。

Answer:

E

25。

Ifaproductionpossibilitiesfrontierisbowedout(concavetotheorigin),thenproductionoccursunderconditionsof

(a)constantopportunitycosts。

(b)increasingopportunitycosts。

(c)decreasingopportunitycosts.

(d)infiniteopportunitycosts.

(e)Noneoftheabove。

Answer:

B

26.Iftheproductionpossibilitiesfrontierofonethetradepartners(“CountryA")isbowedout(concavetotheorigin),thenincreasedspecializationinproductionbythatcountrywill

(a)Increasetheeconomicwelfareofbothcountries。

(b)IncreasetheeconomicwelfareofonlyCountryA。

(c)DecreasetheeconomicwelfareofCountryA。

(d)DecreasetheeconomicwelfareofCountryB.

(e)Noneoftheabove.

Answer:

A

27.Iftwocountrieshaveidenticalproductionpossibilityfrontiers,thentradebetweenthemisnotlikelyif

(a)theirsupplycurvesareidentical。

(b)theircostfunctionsareidentical.

(c)theirdemandconditionsidentical。

(d)theirincomesareidentical.

(e)Noneoftheabove。

Answer:

E

28.Iftwocountrieshaveidenticalproductionpossibilityfrontiers,thentradebetweenthemisnotlikelyif

(a)theirsupplycurvesareidentical。

(b)theircostfunctionsareidentical.

(c)theirdemandfunctionsdiffer。

(d)theirincomesareidentical。

(e)Noneoftheabove。

Answer:

C

29.Theearlieststatementoftheprincipleofcomparativeadvan

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