商务英语阅读试题和答案.docx

1、商务英语阅读试题和答案2018年1月广东省高等教育自学考试商务英语阅读试题（课程代码 05439） I. Translate the following words or phrases into Chinese (10%)1. inflation 2. turnover3. fringe benefit 4. bearer bond5. consignment 6. mutual fund7. brokerage 8. certificate of origin9. mortgage 10. counter offer. Translate the following words or ph

2、rases Into English (10%)11. 经济衰退 12. 股权证13. 预付款 14. 期末存货15. 电汇 16. 赔偿、偿还17. 存款 18. 配额、限额19. 仲裁 20. 风险资本. Choose the best answer to fill in the blanks (10%)21. The most major function of money is_.A. a store of value B. the unit of accountC. the medium of exchange D. a standard of deferred payment22.

3、 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in economic loss?A. The destruction of ones home in a fire.B. Loss of income owing to illness.C. Loss of property owing to theft.D. The destruction of ones property in an accident.23. An insurance policy is_.A. a government law on insuranceB. a written contra

4、ct between the insurer and the insuredC. a piece of paper with the insurers signature on itD. a set of rules to regulate the insurance market24. Which of the following can NOT be a feature of a bond?A. It has a certain denomination. B. It has a prefixed interest rate.C. It involves high risk. D. It

5、has a prefixed maturity date.25. _is a small structure with one or more open sides that is used to vend merchandise (as newspapers) or services.A. Telephone booth B. KioskC. Newsstand D. Department store26. Marketers can communicate with large numbers of potential customers at the same time by_.A. p

6、ersonal selling B. direct sellingC. mass selling D. sending leaflets27. What is meant by “consideration” in a contract?A. An item of considerable value given to the other party.B. An item of value given to the other party.C. Money in exchange of goods.D. Careful thinking before signing a contract.28

7、. To be a wise customer, we must evaluate_ and choose to buy what is_.A. the price; the cheapestB. the product quality; of top qualityC. the total product offer; of the best value to usD. the after-sale service; provided with the best after-sale service29. The following are the elements of marketing

8、 mix EXCEPT_.A. price B. place C. point-of-sale D. promotion30. What is the major feature of a global marketing strategy?A. uniformity B. flexibility C. localization D. diversityIV. In this part, there are some reading passages followed by 15 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them ther

9、e are four answers marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best one according to your understanding (30%)Passage 1Corporate CultureThe term corporate culture refers to an organizations value system. Managerial philosophies, workplace practices, and organizational network are included in the c

10、oncept of corporate culture. Tyson Foods corporate culture is reflected in the fact that everyone-evenCEO Don Tyson wears clothes of a yellowish brown color on the job.The leaders who developed the company and the corporate culture typically shape the corporate culture. One generation of employees p

11、asses on a corporate culture to newer employees. Sometimes this is part of formal training. New managers who attend McDonalds Hamburger University may learn skills in management, but they also pick up the basics of the organizations corporate culture. Employees can absorb corporate culture through i

12、nformal contacts as well, by talking with other workers and through their experiences on the job.Corporate culture has a major impact on the success of an organization. In organizations with strong cultures, everyone knows and supports the organizations objectives. In those with weak cultures, no cl

13、ear sense of purpose exists. In fact, the authors of the classic book In Search of Excellence concluded the presence of a strong corporate culture was the single common thread among many diverse but highly successful companies such as General Electric and McDonalds.As you can imagine, changing a com

14、panys corporate culture can be very difficult. But some managers try to do just that when they feel the current culture is weak, or when the organizations objectives change and the old culture no longer fits. Sometimes the competitive situation of a company changes. For instance, electric utilities,

15、 which once had their profits guaranteed by public regulation, now face more competition than ever. Firms that were comfortable competing against other American companies now find themselves fighting competitors from overseas, too.Management expert Peter Duckers feels that, rather than trying to cha

16、nge culture, managers should focus on changing employees and corporate practices, as follows.Define what results are needed. Specify in measurable terms what the organization or department, or office) needs to achieve.Determine where these results are already being achieved within the current organi

17、zation. Analyze the departments that are already effective and find out what they are doing differently from the rest.Determine what top management can do to encourage these good results. Duckers suggests that executives openly ask what they can do to help, and then do it. Change the reward system-o

18、r develop a new one-to recognize these effective practices. When employees realize that the organization really does reward the new approach, they will adopt it much more quickly. Whether one wants to change an organization culture or not, it is important to choose managers and employees whose perso

19、nal styles fit the organizations goals.31. According to the passage, corporate culture _.A. means the cultural atmosphere in a companyB. is established by top leaders and cant be changedC. involves the core values of a companyD. has little influence on the performance of a company32. In McDonalds Ha

20、mburger University, new managers _.A. learn the companys corporate culture at lengthB. are only interested in learning management skillsC. learn all the necessary skills and practices of the companyD. have chances to know about the companys corporate culture33. If an organization has a strong corpor

21、ate culture,_.A. it can be sure of achieving great successB. it will be as successful as General Electric and McDonalds pC. its staff tend to work for a common goalD. it may have a strong influence on the market 34. One reason why some managers try to change a companys corporate culture is that _.A.

22、 the existing corporate culture is very strongB. they try to adapt the corporate culture to new situationsC. the company is facing a lot of competitionD. they are not so conservative as the old generation35. Which of the following is NOT advised by Peter Duckers?A. Evaluating different performances

23、of various departments.B. Improving the communication among managers.C. Determine what is to be achieved by the organization.D. Improving the reward system so as to encourage new practices.Passage 2Early Developments in American EconomyEarly American industries depended largely on skilled artisans w

24、orking in small shops to serve a local market. But the Industrial Revolution that started in England during the 18th century did not take long to cross the Atlantic. It brought many changes to American industry between 1776 and 1860. Because labor was scarce in the United States and wages were high,

25、 employers welcomed any new method that could reduce the requirement for labor.One key development was the introduction of the factory system, which gathered many workers together in one workplace and produced goods for distribution over a wide area. The first factory in the United States is general

26、ly dated to 1793, when an Englishman named Samuel Slater came to America to build a cotton cloth factory. He built the machinery from memory, because it was a crime to carry factory plant out of England. The success of Slaters factory started a process of change that turned the northeastern region o

27、f the United States into an important manufacturing center. The making of textiles also meant increased demand for cotton, grown in the southern region for the United States. As a result, the nation became a major cotton producer.Another important development was the “American system” of mass produc

28、tion, which originated in the firearms industry about 1800. The new system required precision engineering to create parts that were interchangeable. This, in return, allowed the final product to be assembled in stages, each worker specializing in a specific operation.Just as Slaters new factory syst

29、em was being introduced, an American named Eli Whitney made cotton production more efficient by inventing a machine-the cotton gin-that rapidly removed the seeds from the boils of cotton. Removing the seeds by hand was a difficult task; Whitneys machine made the job almost easy.Whitney also began ma

30、nufacturing rifles in a new way. Guns had always been made by gun makers working in their homes or small shops. Because the guns were handmade individually, a part from one gun would not necessarily fit another gun. Whitney began making guns with machinery, so that all the parts were the same in eac

31、h gun. This method of manufacturing goods in a factory, with interchangeable parts, helped to advance American industry.In 1913, the automaker Henry Ford introduced the “moving assembly” line. This was a variation on the earlier practice of continuous assembly. By improving efficiency, it made possi

32、ble a major saving in labor costs. A new breed of industrial managers began the careful study of factory operations with the aim of finding the most efficient ways of organizing tasks. Their concepts of “scientific management” helped to lower the costs of production still further.Lower costs made possible both higher wages for workers and lower prices for c