管理类联考真题英语.docx

1、管理类联考真题英语管理类联考真题英语 2015年全国硕士研究生招生考试 英 语（二）Section I Use of English Directions:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In our contemporary culture,the prospect of communicating withor even looking ata stranger is virtua

2、lly unbearable.Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones,even without a 1 underground.Its a sad realityour desire to avoid interacting with other human beingstheres 2 to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you.But you wouldnt know it,3 into your phone.

3、This universal armor sends the 4 :“Please dont approach me.”What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?One answer is fear,according to Jon Wortmann,executive mental coach.We fear rejection,or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as“creepy”.We fear well be 7.We fear well be di

4、sruptive.Strangers are inherently 8 to us,so we are more likely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances.To avoid this anxiety,we 10 to our phones.“Phones become our security blanket,”Wortmann says.“They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we per

5、ceive is going to be more 11.”But once we rip off the bandaid,tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up,it doesnt 12 so bad.In one 2011 experiment,behavioral scientists Nicholas Eplay and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable:Start a 13.They had Chicago train commuters talk t

6、o their fellow 14.“Where Dr.Epley and Ms.Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talking to a stranger,the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat on their own,”the New York Times summarizes.Though the participants didnt expect a p

7、ositive experience,after they 17 with the experiment,”not a single person reported having been snubbed.”18 ,these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication,which makes absolute sense,19 human beings thrive off of social connections.Its that 20 ;Talking to strange

8、rs can make you feel connected.1.Aticket Bpermit Csignal Drecord 2.Anothing Blink Canother Dmuch 3.Abeaten Bguided Cplugged Dbrought 4.Amessage Bcede Cnotice Dsign 5.Aunder Bbeyond Cbehind Dfrom 6.Amisinterpreted Bmisapplied Cmisadjusted Dmismatched 7.Afired Bjudged Creplaced Ddelayed 8.Aunreasonabl

9、e Bungrateful Cunconventional Dunfamiliar 9.Acomfortable Banxious Cconfident Dangry 10.Aattend Bpoint Ctake Dturn 11.Adangerous Bmysterious Cviolent Dboring 12.Ahurt Bresist Cbend Ddecay 13.Alecture Bconversation Cdebate Dnegotiation 14.Atrainees Bemployees Cresearchers Dpassengers 15.Areveal Bchoos

10、e Cpredict Ddesign 16.Avoyage Bflight Cwalk Dride 17.Awent through Bdid away Ccaught up Dput up 18.AIn turn BIn particular CIn fact DIn consequence 19.Aunless Bsince Cif Dwhereas 20.Afunny Bsimple Clogical Drare Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions:Read the following four texts.Answer

11、the questions after each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1 A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys,people are actually more stressed at home than at work.Researchers measured peoples cortisol,which is stress marker,while they were at work

12、and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.“Further contradicting conventional wisdom,we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home,”writes one of the researchers,Sarah Damaske.In fact women even say they feel bet

13、ter at work,she notes,“It is men,not women,who report being happier at home than at work.”Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with children and without,but more so for nonparents.This is why people who work outside the home have better health.What the study doesnt measure

14、is whether people are still doing work when theyre at home,whether it is household work or work brought home from the office.For many men,the end of the workday is a time to kick back.For women who stay home,they never get to leave the office.And for women who work outside the home,they often are pl

15、aying catch-up-with-household tasks.With the blurring of roles,and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in making adjustments for working women,its not surprising that women are more stressed at home.But its not just a gender thing.At work,people pretty much know what theyre s

16、upposed to be doing:working,making money,doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income.The bargain is very pure:Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.On the home front,however,people have no such clarity.Rare is the household in

17、which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out.There are a lot of tasks to be done,there are inadequate rewards for most of them.Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor;they need to be talked into it,or if theyre teenagers,threatened with comple

18、te removal of all electronic devices.Plus,theyre your family.You cannot fire your family.You never really get to go home from home.So its not surprising that people are more stressed at home.Not only are the tasks apparently infinite,the co-workers are much harder to motivate.21According to Paragrap

19、h 1,most previous surveys found that home _.Awas an unrealistic place for relaxation Bgenerated more stress than the workplace Cwas an ideal place for stress measurement Doffered greater relaxation than the workplace 22According to Damaske,who are likely to be the happiest at home?AWorking mothers B

20、Childless husbands CChildless wives DWorking fathers 23The blurring of working womens roles refers to the fact that _.Athey are both bread winners and housewives Btheir home is also a place for kicking back Cthere is often much housework left behind Dit is difficult for them to leave their office 24

21、The word“moola”(Line 4,Para 4)most probably means _.Aenergy Bskills Cearnings Dnutrition 25The home front differs from the workplace in that _.Ahome is hardly a cozier working environment Bdivision of labor at home is seldom clear-cut Chousehold tasks are generally more motivating Dfamily labor is o

22、ften adequately rewarded Text 2 For years,studies have found that first-generation college students-those who do not have a parent with a college degree-lag other students on a range of education achievement factors.Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher.But since such students ar

23、e most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education,colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them.This has created“a paradox”in that recruiting first-generation students,but then watching many of them fail,means that higher education has“continued to

24、 reproduce and widen,rather than closed”achievement gap based on social class,according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.But the article is actually quite optimistic,as it outlines a potential solution to this problem,suggesting that an approach

25、(which involves a one-hour,next-to-no-cost program)can close 63 percent of the achievement gap(measured by such factors as grades)between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities,and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students(who co

26、mpleted the project)at an unnamed private university.First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree.Most of the first-generation students(59.1 percent)were recipients of Pell Grants,a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need,while this was true only f

27、or 8.6 percent of the students wit at least one parent with a four-year degree.Their thesis-that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact-was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the is

28、sues that face most college students.They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.Many first-generation students“struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education,learn the rules of the game,and take advant

29、age of college resources,”they write.And this becomes more of a problem when collages dont talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students.Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students educational experience,many first-g

30、eneration students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students like them can improve.26Recruiting more first-generation students has _.Areduced their dropout rates Bnarrowed the achievement gap Cmissed its original purpose Ddepressed college students 27The author of t

31、he research article are optimistic because _.Athe problem is solvable Btheir approach is costless Cthe recruiting rate has increased Dtheir finding appeal to students 28The study suggests that most first-generation students _.Astudy at private universities Bare from single-parent families Care in ne

32、ed of financial support Dhave failed their college 29The author of the paper believe that first-generation students _.Aare actually indifferent to the achievement gap Bcan have a potential influence on other students Cmay lack opportunities to apply for research projects Dare inexperienced in handli

33、ng their issues at college 30We may infer from the last paragraph that _.Auniversities often reject the culture of the middle-class Bstudents are usually to blame for their lack of resources Csocial class greatly helps enrich educational experiences Dcolleges are partly responsible for the problem in question Text 3 Even in traditional offices,“the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten muc