高中英语Unit3SectionⅣLanguagepointsⅡWordpowerGrammarandusageTask讲义牛津译林版必修2.docx

1、高中英语Unit3SectionLanguagepointsWordpowerGrammarandusageTask讲义牛津译林版必修2Section Language points()(Word power，Grammar and usage & Task).单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。1The law insists that cigarette packets carry a health warning (警告)2The project has received widespread(普遍的)public support.3Nowadays，females(女性)are

2、 more difficult to get jobs than males.4We waited for them to give us the signal to move.5His devotion to his motherland is wellknown.6It is rare to see a man over 120 years old.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词。1devote vt.奉献devotion n奉献；忠诚；专心2vary vi.变化various adj.各种各样的variety n多样性3organize vt.组织organization n组

3、织；机构.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语。1work out 解决(问题)；计算出；结果2dream of/about 梦想；想象；梦见3get in touch with 与取得联系4a great deal of 大量，许多5rather than 而不是6apply for 申请7regard.as. 把看作8thanks to 多亏，由于.选词填空选用以上短语的适当形式填空。1I think you should apply for a job in this kind of company.2Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad，he s

4、old them at half price.3She will get in touch with you by phone.4Helen never dreamed of there being a chance for her to pay a visit to Greece last summer.5Im glad to say that everything has worked out fine in the dorm.背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.However，his mother did not think that was a good idea.然而，他的母亲认为那不

5、是一个好办法。对think后从句的否定转移到主句上去，称为否定前移。I dont think Jacks getting along well with his colleagues.我认为杰克与他的同事们相处得不是很好。2.In 1932，she became the first woman to fly alone across the Atlantic.1932年，她成为独自飞越大西洋的第一位女性。“the first/second/.名词to do.”其中to do为定语。He is always the first person to come to work.他总是第一个来上班的人

6、。3.Once the paper makers had shown people how to make paper，it came into widespread use all over the world.一旦造纸者给人们展示了如何造纸，它就在全世界得到了广泛的应用。once“一旦”，作连词，引导条件状语从句。Once you get into a bad habit，youll find it hard to get rid of it.一旦你染上坏习惯，你会发现很难改掉。4.Without her work，there would be very few mountain gori

7、llas left today.没有她的工作，今天，山地大猩猩将所剩无几。without短语表示虚拟条件，引导含蓄虚拟语气结构。Without you，I wouldnt have finished the job so quickly.若没有你，我不会这么快就完成这项工作。 refer to谈到，涉及到；参考，查阅(教材P46)Sometimes we use a different suffix，usually ess，when referring to a woman.当指女性时，有时我们用不同的后缀，通常用ess。(1)refer.to. 把提交给refer to.as. 把看作(2)

8、reference n. 参考，查阅make(a)reference to 谈到，参照in/with reference to 关于，就而论Even as a boy he referred to his father as Steve.甚至当他还是小孩子时，他就叫父亲史蒂夫。Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future reference (refer)你最好记下那个饭店的电话号码以备将来查阅。 work out解决，找到的答案；算出；制订出；锻炼(教材P46)Work out what they

9、were.找出它们是什么。work on 从事；搞work at 从事；研习figure out 算出；推测；解决或破译；断定，发现make out 辨明，看清；理解；写下，列出；前 进，进展turn out 结果是，证明是stand out 站出来；突出Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out.足球赛季开始于9月，整个夏天我都锻炼了。I could just make out a figure in the darkness.黑暗中我只看出了一个人的轮廓。 signal n信号vt. & vi.

10、发信号；表明(教材P49)sent last radio signal发出了最后的无线电信号(1)a danger/warning signal 危险/警告信号traffic signals 交通信号灯a stop signal 停车信号(2)signal(to)sb.to do sth. 示意某人做某事signal to sb. 向某人示意signal (sb.)that 示意(某人)Rapid breathing is a danger signal and you should call your doctor.呼吸急促是个危险的征兆，你应该打电话叫你的医生。We signalled(s

11、ignal) the taxi driver to pull over just now.我们示意出租车司机把车开过来。 get in touch with.与取得联系(教材P49)When the base tried to get in touch with Amelia at 9.30 pm.on 2 July 1937，.1937年7月2日晚上9点30分，当基地尽力联系阿米莉娅时，keep in touch with 与保持联系lose touch with 与失去联系out of touch with 与无联系Ill get in touch with you as soon as

12、I arrive.我一到达就会和你取得联系。We now keep in touch with him by writing letters.我们现在靠写信与他保持联系。They got (get) in touch with each other yesterday，and they had been out of touch for 3 years.昨天他们取得了联系，他们已经3年没有联系了。名师点津get in touch with及lose touch with 为非延续性动词短语，不可以与“for时间段”连用，而be in touch with及be out of touch wit

13、h则可以。 a great deal of大量的(教材P50)Its makers spent a great deal of money building the extraordinary ship.其建造者花费巨资建造了这艘非同寻常的船。“许多”大团圆He has given me a great deal of help.他给了我很多帮助。We learned a great deal from them.我们从他们那里学到了很多。Im feeling a great deal better(well)我感觉好多了。名师点津a great/good deal of只能用在不可数名词前，

14、表示“大量的”，相当于much或a large amount of。a great/good deal可单独使用，也可以用在形容词或副词的比较级前，表示“大量；许多”。 warning n警告，预告，通知，预兆(教材P50)The captain，who had received warnings about icebergs all day，had dismissed the warnings as they arrived.船长全天都收到冰山警告，但却对到来的警告疏于防范。warn v 警告warn sb.of sth. 警告某人提防某事warn sb.not/never to do st

15、h. 警告某人不要做某事warn sb.against doing sth. 警告某人不要做某事Doctors issued a warning against eating any fish caught in the river.医生们发出警告不要吃那条河里捕的鱼。They warned him of the danger.他们警告他有危险。The police warned us not to go (go)out at night.警察告诫我们夜间不要出门。 requirement n要求，规定，必要条件；需要；必需品(pl.)(教材P53)Listen to his requirem

16、ents and fill in the notes below.听他的要求，填写下面的记录。(1)requirement of/for sth. 需要某物meet/satisfy ones requirements 满足某人的要求(2)require v. 要求，需要require sth.of sb. 向某人索要某物require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事require doingrequire to be done . 需要被做require that.(should) do 需要The shop can supply all your requirements.这家商

17、店能供应所有你需要的物品。These young trees require looking /to be looked after carefully.这些小树需要悉心照料。Your requirements(require) are not difficult to satisfy.你的要求不难满足。His father required that he (should)listen(listen) to the teacher attentively during the lesson.他父亲要求他上课时专心听讲。名师点津requirement后接同位语从句或表语从句时，从句也用虚拟语气

18、。 inspire vt.启迪，赋予灵感；激励，鼓舞(教材P53)Do you want to inspire students with your experiences?你想用你的经历鼓舞学生吗？(1)inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事inspire sb. with sth./inspire sth. in sb. 用某事激励某人(2)inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的(多修饰物)inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的；借助于灵感创作的(多修 饰人)inspiration n. U灵感C启发灵感的人(或事物)；鼓舞The teacher ins

19、pired us to make greater efforts.老师激励我们更加努力。The father inspired confidence in his son.The father inspired his son with confidence.那位父亲使儿子产生了自信。语境助记They were inspired by the inspiring speech，and this inspiration was obviously effective.他们被那场鼓舞人心的演讲所鼓舞，这种鼓舞显而易见地有效。 discourage vt.使灰心；使泄气；阻止；劝阻(教材P57)Ev

20、en though some of the gorillas were quite dangerous，this did not discourage Dian.尽管一些大猩猩非常危险，然而这并没有让迪安气馁。(1)discourage sb. from doing sth. 使某人不愿做某事；阻止某人做某事(2)discouraging adj. 令人泄气的(修饰事或物)discouraged adj. 气馁的，沮丧的(修饰人)(3)discouragement n. 泄气，灰心；阻拦；挫折(4)encourage vt. 鼓励；激励；鼓动；劝告encourage sb.in sth. 在某

21、方面鼓励某人 鼓励(某人)做某事His parents tried to discourage him from being an explorer.他的父母试图阻止他当一名探险家。My parents always encourage me in my choice of career.我在选择职业时，父母总是鼓励我。The bad weather discouraged people from attending the meeting.坏天气使得人们不愿出席会议。Banks actively encourage people to borrow(borrow) money.银行积极鼓励人

22、们贷款。 devotion nU(常与介词to连用)奉献；忠诚；专心(教材P57)She showed great devotion to her work and loved to tell people about gorillas.她挚爱自己的工作，并且喜欢给人们讲大猩猩的故事。(1)devote vt. 献身；专心于devote oneself/ones energy/time/money to doing . 把全身心/精力/时间/金钱投入到做(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的(be) devoted to 深爱；致力于His devotion to science in

23、spires us to study hard.他对科学的献身精神鼓舞着我们努力学习。She devoted herself to teaching(teach) the children who were naturally curious.她全身心地投入到教育天生求知欲强的孩子们身上。Devoted(devote) to his job, he has little free time.致力于工作，他几乎没有空余时间。 various adj.不同的；各种各样的(教材P57)They are also protected by governments and various organiz

24、ations.它们也受到政府和各种组织的保护。(1)variety n 变化；多样性，种类 各种各样的(2)vary vt.& vi. 使不同；变化vary in 在某方面不同/有差异vary from. to. 从到不等vary with 随着变化He resigned for a variety of reasons.他由于种种原因辞职了。Prices vary with the season.物价随季节变动。They vary in weight and height.他们在体重和身高上不同。名师点津“a variety of复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；而“the variety

25、 of复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。A variety of toys are on show in the shop.那家商店展出了各种各样的玩具。The variety of books he has is astonishing.他的藏书种类令人吃惊。 (教材P46)However，his mother did not think that was a good idea.然而，他的母亲认为那不是一个好办法。【要点提炼】本句属于否定转移。当think后接宾语从句时，如果这个宾语从句是否定句，那么要把否定词放到主句中，构成否定转移。有此用法的词还有suppose，believe，ex

26、pect，imagine等。注意：存在否定转移的主从复合句变为反意疑问句时，简短问句的主谓一致问题：(1)主句的主语为第一人称时，其简短问句的主谓应与宾语从句的主谓保持一致，且简短问句应用肯定形式。(2)主句的主语是第二或第三人称时，其简短问句的主谓则要与主句的主谓保持一致，且简短问句应用肯定形式。I dont think (that)well meet again.我想我们不会再见面了。I dont believe he is telling the truth，is he?我相信他没说真话，是吗？You dont think she will come，do you?你认为她不会来，是吗？

27、We dont believe(that)she knows it.我们相信她不知道这件事。He doesnt think his wife is right，does he?他认为他妻子不对，是吗？名师点津巧记常用否定转移的5个常用动词我认为(think)猜想(suppose)与想象(imagine)都不可相信(believe)，我期待(expect)你的回答。 (教材P51)Once the paper makers had shown people how to make paper，it came into widespread use all over the world.一旦造纸者

28、给人们展示了如何造纸，它就在全世界得到了广泛的应用。【要点提炼】句中once作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一旦；一就”。once及其引导的时间状语从句的用法：(1)如果主句用一般将来时表示将来，once引导的时间状语从句常用一般现在时表将来，即“主将从现”。(2)once adv.从前，曾经；一次They go to the movies once a week.他们一周去看一次电影。Once I saw him crying in the street.有一次在街上我看到他在哭。Once he arrives(arrive)，we will start.他一到我们就开始。.单句语法填空1W

29、ithout your warning(warn)，we would have got into great trouble.2Hearing the discouraging news，he didnt feel discouragedAnd Im sure he will succeed sooner or later.(discourage)3Devoted to working(work) on the project，the young man has little time for entertainment.4The law requires that everyone(shou

30、ld)have(have)his car checked at least once a year.5He has been variously(various)described as a hero，a genius and a fool.6Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.7You didnt believe John won the first prize at the speech competition，did you?8The speaker is giving rather an inspiring speech，as I can judge from the inspired look of all the listeners.(inspire)9When taking an important test，you are forbidden from referring (refer)to you