新人教版语法知识点梳理.docx

1、新人教版语法知识点梳理目录第一讲：动词1. Be 动词2. 动词第三人称单数第二讲：代词1. 人称代词及物主代词2. 指示代词第三讲：名词1. 名词的数2. 名词的所有格第四讲：数词1. 基数词2. 序数词第五讲：介词第六讲：句型1. 肯定句2. 否定句3. 一般疑问句4. 特殊疑问句5. There be 句型第一讲： 动词（一）Be 动词（am, is, are）的用法口诀：I 用am , you 用are ,is 连着他（he）她（she）它（it）。单数统统用is，复数一律都用are. 变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃，变否定，更容易，be 后not莫忘记，疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑

2、。注意：be 动词通常会和其他词连写在一起，如：Im , whats ,names, theyre等For example：-What is your name?= -Whats your name?-My name is Cindy. = -My names Cindy.-Are you a student? = -Are you a student?-Yes, I am a student. = Yes, Im a student.-What are they? =-What are they?-They are apples. =Theyre apples.What is this? =

3、Whats this?ExercisesI _ a student. You _ Japanese. He _ my brother. She_ very nice. My name _Harry. I _ 10 years old.LiLei _ very tall. Mary, this _ Tom.What_ this? Miss Zhou _ my teacher.This book_ very interesting. Li Lei and I _ good friends. These _ apples. Those_ bananas.They _students. There _

4、 some bread on the plate.The cat_ black. _ she from China? _ you good at English? The books _ on the desk.The black pants _ for Su Yang. This _ not Wang Fangs pencil. Here _ some sweaters for you. There _ a girl in the room. This pair of boots _ for Yang Ling. _ David and Helen from England? There s

5、ome milk for me. There _ some apples on the tree._ there any kites in the classroom? Gao Shans shirt _ over there.Some tea _ in the glass. My sisters name _Nancy._ there any apple juice in the bottle? My telephone number _ 8563-0770.（二）动词第三人称单数的构成规则：a.一般情况下在动词词尾加s 如：get-gets like-likes playplays， wa

6、ntwants， workworks， knowknows， helphelps，getgetsb. 以字母s、x、ch或o结尾的动词加-es；如：guessguesses， fixfixes， teachteaches， brushbrushes， gogoes，dodoes，watchwatches，catchcatchesc. 以辅音字母y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es。如：studystudies，carrycarries，flyflies，worryworries特殊词： have-hasExercises一 完成句子。1. I_ (know) the boy.2. They_

7、(go) to work on Sundays.3. He usually_ (come) to school early.4. I often_ (have) rice, meat and vegetables.5. My grandfather _ (play) sports in the park.6. Miss Li _ (teach) English in our school.7. The students of Class Four_ (sing) a song on Monday.8. Alice and Jerry _ (do) homework after school.9

8、. We_ (take) a shower in the evening.10. Her sister_ (have) Chinese every day.11._ you_ (have) a soccer ball?12. Mary_ (not come) from America.She _ (come) from Britain.13._your mother_ (watch) TV every day?14. _your sister_ (know) English?15. Who_ (want) to go swimming?二 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. We often_ (p

9、lay) in the playground.2. He_ (get) up at six oclock.3._you_ (brush) your teeth every morning.4. What_ (do) he usually_ (do) after school?5. _ they _ (like) the World Cup?6._Mike sometimes _ (go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she_ (watch) TV with his parents.8_Mike_ (read) Englis

10、h every day?9. How many lessons_ your classmate_ (have) on Monday?10. What time_his mother_ (do) the housework?11. He usually _ (get) up at six in the morning.12. She_ (have) blues eyes.13. We _ (go) to school every day14. The boy _ (like) playingfootball.15. We_ (have) no classes on Sundays.16. She

11、_ (write) to her mother once a week.17. It _ (rain) quite often during the month of July every year.18. She often_ (watch) TV on Saturdays.19. Mike usually_ (ride) a bike with his friends in thepark.20. Peter and Mary often_ (play) badminton together.21. My mother_ (have) a lot of cousins.22. Many p

12、eople often _ (listen) to the radio in themorning.23._ (do) she _ (like) playing the violin? Yes, she_ (do).24. She_ (have) four brothers. She_ (like) them very much.25. He often _ (have) dinner at home.26. We _ (not watch) TV on Monday.27. Sandy usually _ (play) the piano on Sundays.28. The cat_ (l

13、ike) eating fish every much.29. Su Hai and Su Yang _ (have) eight lessons this term.30. She and I _ (take) a walk together every evening.31. Who_ (teach) English in your school?32. May I _ (know) your address?33._ (be) you twelve?34. She_ (like) fish, but she _ (not like) meat.35. Her mother is good

14、 at _ (make) cakes.36. Mr. Green wants _ (buy) a new watch.37. Who_ (be) your English teacher?38. My father _ (go) to bed at 10:00 every evening.39. His friend _ (like, play) computer games.40. Lets _ (watch) TV.41. _Jim and Tom _ (like) hamburgers?42. What kind of movies_ your grandfather_ (want) t

15、o see?43. Where _ (be) the two volleyballs?44. That_ (be) is his family photo.45. We can_ (sing) English songs.46. He can_ (do) Chinese Kungfu.47. What time _Mr. Brown _(take) a shower?48. Mrs. Jones _ (watch) TV in weekends.49._ (be) your sisters in the bedroom?50. My daughter_ (watch) TV every day

16、. Sometimes she _ (see) a film on Sunday.第二讲： 代词（一）人称代词及物主代词人称第一人称单 数第二人称单 数第三人称单数第一人称复 数第二人称复 数第三人称复 数主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs1.通常情况下，人称代词的主格在句子中作主语。2.通常情况下，人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语。3.形容词性的物主代词属于限定词，后面要跟它所限

17、定的名词。4.通常情况下，人称代词主格会与跟在它后面的be动词缩写。如：I am=Im you are=youre he is=hes she is=shes it is =its we are=were they are=theyreExercises一 根据句子前后内容，写出正确的代词。Li Lei is from China._ is Chinese.My name is Gina._ am a student.This is Tom._ is in Grade Two.His name is Tony._ telephone number is 856-0770.She is a st

18、udent. _name is Julia.二.用所给词的适当形式填空1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I )2. The dress is _. Give it to _. (she)3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _. (I) 4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. (he)5. _ dresses are red. (we) What color are _?

19、 (you)6. Here are many dolls, which one is _? (she)7. I can find my toy, but wheres _? (you)8. Show _ your kite, OK? (they)9. I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. (it )10. Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not _. _ arent here. (they )11. Shall _ have a look at that classroom? That

20、is _ classroom. (we )12. _ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _ a nurse. (she )13. That is not _ camera. _is at home. (he )14. Where are _? I cant find _. Lets call _ parents. (they )15. Dont touch _. _ not a cat, _ a tiger! （it）16. _ sister is ill. Please go and get _. (she )17. _ dont know her name. W

21、ould you please tell _. (we )18. So many dogs. Lets count _. (they )19. I have a lovely brother. _ is only 3. I like _ very much. (he )20. May I sit beside _? (you )21. Look at that desk. Those books are on _. ( it ）22.The girl behind _ is our friend. (she)（二）指示代词this ,that, these, those.These 是this

22、 的复数形式， 指时间、距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事。Those 是that的复数形式， 指时间、距离较远或者前面已经提到的人或事。For example：This is my room. That is Lucys room. These are his brothers. Those are his books.第三讲：名词名词：表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词（一）名词的分类名词分为普通名词和专有名词，其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数。可数名词包括个体名词（表示一类人或物的个体。如：boy，desk，cat，window）和集体名词（由若干个体组成

23、的集合体。如：family，class，police）。不可数名词包括物质名词（表示无法分为个体的实物。如：water，paper，silk，money）和抽象名词（表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它抽象概念。如：work，happiness，music，difficulty，housework）专有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。如：Tom，the Great Wall，the Spring Festival，France，the United States）。（二）名词的数1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种：（1）一般情况下，在词尾加s.e.g. bookbo

24、oks，dogdogs，penpens，boyboys辅音结尾的名词后的s的读音为s，以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后的s读音为z。（2）以s，x，ch，sh结尾的词名词变复数时，要在词尾加es. e.g. beachbeaches，brushbrushes，busbuses，boxboxes（es读音为iz（3）以“辅音字母y”结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加es. e.g. citycities，familyfamilies，documentarydocumentaries，countrycountries， strawberrystrawberries（ies读音为iz） （注：以“元音字母+y”结

25、尾的词，直接在词尾加-s. e.g. boys，holidays，days）（4）以元音字母。结尾的名词，变复数时情况如下：加eg. tomatotomatoes，potatopotatoes结尾是两个元音字母的加s，e.g. zoozoos，radioradios某些外来词变复数时词尾加s，e.g. pianopianos一些名词的缩写形式变复数时，词尾加s，e.g. photo（photograph）photos，kilo（kilogram）kiloszero变复数时，既可加s，也可加 e.g. zeroszeroes（5）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时，先把f或fe变为v，再加es.e.g

26、. wifewives，leaf leaves，halfhalves，knifeknives，thiefthieves（res读音为vz（注意：roof的复数为roofs； scarf的复数为scarfsscarves）（6）有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es，而是变换其中的字母。e.g. manmen，womanwomen，policemanpolicemen，EnglishmanEnglishmen，FrenchmanFrenchmen， footfeet， toothteeth， childchildren，mousemice，OxOxen（公牛）（7）还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。e.g. Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish（8）另一些名词本身即是复数形式，不可用作单数。e.g. people，police，trousers，pants，clothes，scissors另外，当一个名词作定语说明另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。e.g. an apple tree，five apple trees，a girl friend，two girl friends，a twin sister但是