牛津译林版英语七年级上册Unit 6知识点精讲下精品教育doc.docx

1、牛津译林版英语七年级上册Unit 6知识点精讲下精品教育doc7A Unit 6知识点梳理（下）课堂导入1. have a healthy lifestyle 2. 吃健康的食物 3.not often 4.在两餐之间 5.stong and healthy 6.对我的健康有益 7.go swimming every week 8.需要改变 9.be bad for my teeth 10.早餐吃面包、喝牛奶 11.food and lifestyle 12.对我们的牙齿有好处 13.half past eight 14.我最喜欢的水果 15.keep fit/healthy 16.每天游泳一

2、小时 17.eat fish and rice for lunch 18.放学后感到饥饿 19.have too much sugar 20.一周三次 21.a basket of tomatoes 22.一袋盐 23.five bags of rice 24.两杯茶 25.three kilos of meat 26.一周不到三次 27.more than eight hours 28.吃到更多健康的食物 29.what about some bread 30.整个上午 知识点梳理 一词汇&短语：WORDS&PHRASES 1. I want to buy an orange.我想买一个橘子

3、。an orange 意为“一个橘子”不定冠词an用于读音以原因音素开头的单词前，表示“一个”。读音以辅音音素开头的单词前要用不定冠词a表示“一个”。这里指的是元音音素和辅音音素，不是指字母。 an apple一个苹果 an egg 一个鸡蛋 an old man 一位老人 a desk 一张课桌 a banana 一个香蕉 a cake 一个蛋糕 a tomato 一个西红柿【拓展】有些以元音字母开头的单词，其发音确实辅音音素，前面的冠词要用a。a European country 一个欧洲国家 a useful person 一个有用的人有些以辅音字母开头的单词，其发音却是元音音素，前面的

4、冠词要用an。an honest man 一个诚实的人(这里的h不发音) an hour 一个小时 anf 一个f an i/m/n/s/x 一个i/m/n/s/x以元音字母u开头的单词，有的发元音音素，有的发辅音音素。发元音音素的单词有umbrella, ugly, unkind, unfair, unusual等。an umbrella 一把雨伞 an ugly man一个丑陋的人 an unusual man一个不同寻常的人发辅音音素的单词有：university, useful, useless, usual等。a useful book 一本有用的书 a university一所大学

5、2. less than3 times a week 一周不到三次（1）less than意为“不到，少于”，其反义短语是more than,意为“多于”，常用于数量、时间、金钱、距离等的比较。你多长时间锻炼一次？一周不到四次。 How often do you exercise? Less than four times a week. 我每星期吃鱼不到两次。 I eat fish less than twice a week. 每天我读不到一小时的英语。 I read English for less than an hour every day. （2）less 是little的比较级，

6、意为“更少的，较少的”。我白天喝水少。 I drink less water in the day. 3. How long do you sleep every night?你每晚上睡多长时间？how long意为“多长”，常用来提问时间的长短或物体的长度。你每天练习英语多长时间？ How long do you practice English every day? 长江有多长，你知道吗？ How long is the Changjiang river, do you know?4. What would you like to order, Andy?安迪，你想点什么菜？(1)woul

7、d you like.?用来礼貌的询问对方的意愿或委婉的提出要求、建议。Would you like与动词之间want同义，但语气比want更委婉、更礼貌。Would you like 没有人称和数的变化，肯定句中would常在主语后缩写为d。【拓展】would you like sth. 想要某物你想要写面包吗？ Would you like some bread? would like to do sth. 想要做某事你想和我一起去吗？ Would you like to go with me?你想要做些什么？ What would you like to do?我想喝些水。 Id lik

8、e to have some water.would like sb to do sth. 想要某人做某事你想要他去做这项工作吗？ Would you like him to do the work?(2)order是一个多义词，用作及物动词，意为“点菜；命令”；用作名词，意为“订单；顺序”。我想点鱼和蔬菜。 I would like to order fish and vegetables.我妈妈命令我立刻回家。 My mother orders me to go home at once. 他们有一份要求供应大量电脑的订单。 They have a large order for comp

9、uters.名字是按字母顺序排列的。 The names are in alphabetical order.【拓展】in order意为“按顺序，依次”。学生们依次进入礼堂。 The students go into the hall in order.in order to 意为“为了”，后跟动词原形。他爸爸为了赶早班车起得很早。 His father gets up early in order to catch the early bus.5. Apple juice tastes nice. 苹果汁尝起来很好。taste此处用作连系动词，意为“尝起来”，其后通常用形容词作表语。这些肉

10、尝起来很好吃。 The meat tastes nice.【拓展】taste还可作及物动词，意为“品尝”。这位厨师尝了尝食物，笑了。 The cook tastes the food and smiles. taste还可作名词，意为“味道”。我喜欢葡萄酒的味道，喜欢品尝不同的味道。 I like the taste of wine and enjoy trying different kinds.6. She tells seashells by the seashore. 她在海边卖贝壳。by the seashore意为“在海边”。by 在这里意为“在的旁边”。我坐在窗子旁边。 I si

11、t by the window.【拓展】by 常见用法归纳：by+地点名词，表方位，意为“在旁边”。在湖边 by the lake 在河边 by the riverby+时间名词，意为“到时；在之前”。到现在为止 by now 在下周五之前by next Fridayby+交通工具、交通方式名词（名词前不加冠词，不用复数），意为“乘坐”。乘火车 by train 乘坐公共汽车by bus 骑自行车by bike7. There are three toy trains in the tree. 树上有三辆玩具火车。 in the tree意为“在树上”。辨析：in the tree与on th

12、e tree二者都可表示“在树上”，但其用法不同。in the tree不是树上本身长的东西树上有一只鸟。 There is a bird in the tree.那个男孩在树上。 The boy is in the tree.on the tree树上本身生长的果实或树叶等那棵苹果树上有许多的苹果。 There are many apples on the apple tree.8. One hundred children have one hundred dreams.一百个孩子有一百个梦想。hundred意为“百”,其前加基数词表示“几百”时，hundred要用单数形式；后与of连用表

13、示约数“数百”时，hundred要用复数形式。我们学校有800名学生。 There are eight hundred students in our school.我们校园里有数百棵树。 There are hundreds of trees in our school yard.【拓展】与hundred用法相同的单词还有thousand（千），million（百万）等。现在我认识2019个英语单词。 I know two thousand English words now.数千人正在那个公园里玩。 Thousands of people are playing in the park.9

14、. I often play football to keep fit.为了保持健康，我经常踢足球。to keep fit在这里是动词不定式短语作目的状语。动词不定式短语做目的状语时，既可以放在句首，也可以放在句末，常译为“为了”。为了赶早班公共汽车，我经常早起床。 I often get up early to catch the early bus.为了保持身体健康，我父亲不得不戒了烟。 To keep fit, my father has to give up smoking. 10. I also eat baozi or mantou,and I drink a glass of m

15、ilk.我也吃了包子或馒头，还会喝一杯牛奶。句子中的斜体单词baozi和 mantou都是汉语拼音。现在对于具有中国特色的传统食品名称，倾向于使用汉语拼音，如：jiaozi饺子，mantou馒头，baozi包子，zongzi粽子等。注意有汉语拼音构成的单词不能在词尾加-s表示复数。我们说some baozi一些包子，但不能说some baozis.重点语法一. 不定冠词a, an的用法【教材典句】1. An apple a day keeps the doctors away!2. I want to buy a hamburger.3. I want to buy an egg.以上3个句子

16、分别含有不定冠词a或an，现在我们就一起来学习一下他的用法。【语法全解】不定冠词a，an用于单数可数名词前，表示泛指，说明其名称或种类，有“一个（件）”的意思。1. 当第一次提到某人或某物时，用a, an起介绍作用。这是什么？这是一辆小汽车。 Whats this? Its a car.2. 泛指 某一类人或某一类事物中的一个。你最喜欢哪一个，马、绵羊还是老虎？ Which do you like best, horse, a sheep or a tiger?3. 代表某类人或物。马是有用的动物。 A horse is a useful animal.4. 表示数量“一”的概念，但没有one

17、的数量概念强烈。a boy一个男孩 a chair 一把椅子5. 表示“每的”概念。我每周锻炼三次。 I exercise three times a week.6. 用在某些固定短语中。a little 一点 have a good time 过得愉快二. 可数名词与不可数名词【教材典句】1. We need some chicken, a bag of rice and packet of salt.2. I want to buy some oranges.3. We can also buy a few bottles of juice.4. I have rice or noodle

18、s for lunch.以上4个句子中，chicken, rice, salt, juice为不可数名词，bag, packet, orange, bottle, noodle为可数名词。【语法全解】名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单复数之分，不可数名词没有复数形式。1. 名词复数的规则变化（1）一般在名词词尾直接加-s构成复数。如：desk-desks课桌；pen-pens钢笔；book-books书；teacher-teachers老师； banana-bananas香蕉； cake-cakes蛋糕； rose-roses玫瑰。（2）以-s, -x, -sh, -ch结尾的名词，在

19、词尾加-es构成复数。如：bus-buses公共汽车； box-boxes箱子； watch-watches手表； class-classes班级； wish-wishes愿望。（3）以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，去y再加-ies构成复数。如：baby-babies婴儿； story-stories故事； country-countries国家； city-cities城市； factory-factories工厂； study-studies书房。（4）以f或fe结尾的名词，去f或fe，再加-ves构成复数。如：leaf-leaves树叶； half-halves半； wife-wives妻子；

20、 knife-knives刀子； shelf-shelves架子；wolf-wolves狼； thief-thieves贼；life-lives生命。（5）以o结尾的名词，除有生命的“两人两物”（Negro-Negroes黑人； hero-heroes英雄；potato-potatoes土豆；tomato-tomatoes西红柿）加-es外，其余名词直接加-s。如：photo-photos 照片；zoo-zoos动物园；radio-radios收音机；piano-pianos钢琴；kio-kios千克。2. 名词复数的不规则变化（1）单复数同形的名词。sheep绵羊；deer鹿；Chinese

21、中国人；Japanese日本人（2）由man, woman构成的合成名词，变a为e.man-men男人；woman-women女人；Englishman-Englishmen英国人；Frenchman-Frenchmen法国人；policeman-policemen警察助记：表示某国家人的名词变复数中日不变，应发变，其余后面s添。Chinese-Chinese中国人；Japanese-Japanese日本人；Englishman-Englishmen英国人；Frenchman-Frenchmen法国人；German-Germans德国人；American-Americans美国人（3）改变单数

22、名词内部元音及部分字母的不规则变化。foot-feet脚，英尺；tooth-teeth牙齿；mouse-mice老鼠；child-children儿童（4）汉语音译成英语表示尺度量衡、货币单位等的名词，单复数形式相同。yuan元；jiao角；fen分3. 不可数名词（1）不可数名词没有复数形式。一般情况下物质名词和抽象名词是不可数名词。物质名词：milk牛奶；water水；orange橙汁；bread面包；rice米饭；tea茶抽象名词：happiness幸福；advice建议（2）不可数名词前不能直接加不定冠词a或an表示“一”的概念。（3）不可数名词不能直接与具体数字连用，但可借助单位词表

23、示一定的数量。其形式为“数词/冠词+计量单位词+of+不可数名词”。a cup of tea一杯茶；two bottles of milk两瓶牛奶；three cans of cola三听可乐；a piece of advice一条建议典型例题一单项选择1.Whats your favorite fruit? Apples. You know, _apple a day keeps the doctor away.（江苏苏州中考） A. a B. an C. the D.不填2. _have you been married(结婚）?（2019湖北孝感中考改编） A. How far B. H

24、ow often C. How long D. How soon3. Would you like _camping with me?(2019山东滨州中考改编)Id like to. But Im busy doing my homework. A. goes B. to go C. going D. go4. The food here smells good, but what does it _like?(安徽中考) A. taste B. touch C. seem D. feel5. More than nine_ students are doing sports now.(重庆

25、江津中考) A. hundreds B. hundred of C. hundred D. hundreds of 6. We can make a fire _the room warm.(江苏扬州中考改编) A. to keep B. keeping C. keep D. kept7. What would you like, Helen?(2019湖南怀化)Id like some_. A. eggs B. beefs C. banana二根据汉语提示完成句子1. You can see_ _ _ (一块旧表)on the shelf.2. He has_ _ _ _ (三盒火柴). Y

26、ou can ask him for some.3. There is little sugar in the kitchen. Go and buy_ _ _ _ (两袋糖)for me.4. The_ (妇女)with their_ (儿童)are feeding the_ (绵羊).5. The baby has_ _ (几颗牙齿), so he can eat some_ (西红柿).答案：一、BCBACAA 二、1.an old watch 2.three boxes of matches 3. two bags of sugar 4. women, children, sheep

27、5. few teeth, tomatoes 课堂测验一根据汉语提示完成单词1. We _(通常) come to the dancing club on Wednesday.2. Its good for our health to eat _(蔬菜) every day.3. You can find the books about animals on the_(书架) over there.4. My mother cooks dishes with a little _(盐).5. We need to eat food to get enough_(能量).2单项选择1._the

28、breakfast, I usually have an egg, some bread and a glass of milk. A. For B. To C. With D. On2._do you sleep every day? For about ten hours. A. How often B. How C. How long D. How soon3. The fish_ delicious. You can help yourself. A. tastes B. sounds C. looks D. feels4. Uncle Wang_ exercise. Its not

29、good for his health? A. sometimes B. seldom C. often D. always5._ are healthy food. A. Fish B. Ice cream C. Eggs D. Hamburgers6. Sports are good_ our health. A.to B. for C. of D. at7.Your coffee smells good! Its from Canada. Would you like_? A.it B. some C. this D. little8. Fast food gives us energy

30、_ its not healthy. A.and B. but C. because D. so9. I want_. A.play basketball B. to play the basketball C. to play basketball D. play the basketball10.What is your favorite food? _. A.I like hamburgers best B. I never eat meat C. I often eat cakes D. I like eating noodles11.There_ some milk in the bottle. A.is B. are