6165课文讲解.docx

1、6165课文讲解Lesson 61 Trouble with the Hubble【New words and expressions】（17） Hubble n. 哈勃telescope n. 望远镜launch v. 发射space n. 空间NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) 国家航空和航天局billion n. 10亿faulty adj. 有错误的astronaut n. 宇航员shuttle n. 航天飞机Endeavour n. “奋进”号robot-arm n. 机器手grab v. 抓atmosphere

2、n. 大气层distant adj. 遥远的galaxy n. 星系universe n. 宇宙eagle eye 鹰眼space n. 空间(指宇宙空间)room n. 空间（不可数）；房间（可数）Could you make room for me? 你能为我腾一点空间吗?robot-arm n. 机器手robot n. 机器人, 遥控设备, 自动机械, 机械般工作的人atmosphere n. 大气层atmosphere n. 大气，空气，气氛，氛围I went to the New Concept English of New Oriental school for its good

3、atmosphere. 【Text】The Hubble telescope was launched into space by NASA on April 20,1990 at a cost of over a billion dollars. Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble. The pictures it sent us were very disappointing because its main mirror was faulty! NASA is now going to put the telesc

4、ope right, so it will soon be sending up four astronauts to repair it. The shuttle Endeavour will be taking the astronauts to the Hubble. A robot-arm from the Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the necessary repairs. Of course, the Hubble is above the earths atmo

5、sphere, so it will soon be sending us the clearest pictures of the stars and distant galaxies that we have ever seen. The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe. By the time you read this, the Hubbles eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful p

6、ictures.参考译文哈勃望远镜于1990年4月20日由国家航空航天局发射升空, 耗资10多亿美元. 从最开始哈勃望远镜就有问题. 它传送给我们的图像很令人失望, 因为它的主要镜子有误差. 国家航天局准备纠正这一错误, 为此将把4名宇航员送入太空修复望远镜. “奋进” 号航天飞机将把宇航员送上哈勃. 当宇航员进行必要的修复工作时, “奋进” 号上的一只机器手将抓住望远镜并托住它. 当然, 哈勃位于地球的大气层之外, 因此, 它很快就会给我们传送我们所见到过的、有关行星和远距离星系的最清晰的照片. 哈勃将告诉我们有关宇宙的年龄和大小的许多事情. 等到你读到这篇文章时, 敏锐的哈勃望远镜已经为我

7、们送来了成千上万张精彩的照片. 【课文讲解】1、The Hubble telescope was launched into space by NASA on April 20,1990 at a cost of over a billion dollars.at a cost of 造价为，耗资，以的价格/费用 He has just built a new house for his family at a cost of $10,000.NASA = National Aeronautics and Space Administration (美国)国家航空和宇宙航行局（单词縮写一般都是

8、组织或者机构）2、Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble.right from the start 从最开始（right起强调作用） He didnt want to work at the firm (right) from the start.trouble with 关于有麻烦Whats the trouble with you? 你有什么麻烦? (医生常这样问)There is (engine) trouble with my car.3、The pictures it sent us were very disap

9、pointing because its main mirror was faulty!fault n. 错误 ； faulty adj. 有错误的Sorry, its my fault.4、NASA is now going to put the telescope right, so it will soon be sending up four astronauts to repair it.put sth. right 修好（故障等），校正，纠正 Remember to put the lights right tomorrow.send up 往上送5、A robot-arm fro

10、m the Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the necessary repairs.hold it 抓住它6、The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe.a great deal 大量 a great deal of 大量的7、By the time you read this, the Hubbles eagle eye will have sent us thousan

11、ds and thousands of wonderful pictures.by the time 到那时engle eye 鹰眼，锐利目光 His fathers eagle eye is always on him.thousands and thousands of 成千上万的 There are hundreds of thousands/thousands and thousands of cars in this city.【Letter Writing】常见的书信开头：I have not heard from you for some time, soIt was very

12、kind of you to【Key structures】将来完成时、将来进行时和将来完成进行时将来完成时的构成：will have done，表示到将来某一时刻已经完成的动作，必须和某个时间状语连用，强调到将来某一点时间动作的结束。 Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year.将来进行时的构成：will be doing，表示将来某个时候正在进行的动作或表示计划好的事，陈述将来的事实。 They will be arriving here tomorrow.将来完成进行时的构成：will have be

13、en doing，表示某种状况一直持续到说话人所提及的时间，从某一点发生, 一直延续到将来的某一点, 并且将可能延续下去，强调到将来某一点时间动作可能结束或延续。 By this time next week, I will have been working for this firm for twenty years.By Friday midday, they will have been working on it for seven days. （work on sth. 关于的工作）在时间状语从句中，要用现在完成时代替将来完成时： By the time Ive completed

14、 this one, Ill have been writing for six years. 到我写完这本书时，我将已经写了6年书了。 When Ive built this one, Ill have built five altogether.【Special Difficulties】 Cost, Price, Valuecost n. 价格，价钱，费用（侧重指某项服务、工程等），成本（复数）at the cost of 以的费用，造价 They built the bridge at a cost of over $600,000. I dont know the costs of

15、these cars. 我不知道这些车的成本是多少。 vt. 价钱为，（使）花费（不用于被动语态）The new car cost him $5,000.How much did it cost to launch the Hubble telescope into space?What does this blouse cost, please? 请问, 这件衬衣多少钱?price n. 价格，价钱（侧重于指某个具体东西或商品的价钱），物价（复数）How much is that blouse? Lets ask the price. Whats the price of the dress

16、, please?Prices are going up again. 物价又上涨了。 v. 问的价钱，查明/查询的价格；给定价/标价They priced cars for two days before they bought one.The dress is priced at $50, but you can have it at $40.I want to price the bed linen in a few other shops before I buy any.我想在买床单之前打听几家商店的价格. value n. 表示抽象的价值或重要性，价值观（复数）The stolen

17、 items were of sentimental, rather than financial value. 被盗物品更具有情感上的涵义, 而不是经济上的价值. This book is of great value to me.His values are different from those of mine. vt. 尊重，重视value sth. 认为有价值value sth. owned by oneself 敝帚自珍Value your time. 珍惜时间If you dont value my advice, Ill speak no more.Exercise练习1 T

18、here has been a sharp rise in the(price)(cost)(value) of living.2 Whenever I buy anything new, my father always asks me the(value)(cost)(price).3 If you have to work for something you will(value)(price)(cost) it more.4 That house(valued)(cost)(priced) a fortune to build.5 Dr. Jamess work is of enorm

19、ous(value)(cost)(price) to the community.6 Jane has(valued)(cost)(priced) the alternative products and she recommends this one.7 So far, ten countries have given money towards the(value)(price)(cost) of rebuilding after the earthquake.1 sharp rise: 大幅上升的the cost of living 生活的费用2 price 价格3 value : 表示

20、认为有价值4 fortune : 一大笔财产cost 花费5 community : 社区,社会value : 价值of great (enormous)value有巨大的价值（enormous adj. 巨大的）6 alternative 另外的recommend : 推荐price sth. 比较价格7 towards = tothe cost of rebuilding 重建费用【Multiple choice questions】 2 The Hubble telescope _a_.a. will tell us a great deal about the universeb. c

21、ost a lot but was almost worthlessc. will measure the size of the earthd. requires constant care from the astronautsconstant n. 数、物常数, 恒量；adj. 不变的, 持续的, 坚决的5 A robot-arm will hold the telescope _a_the astronauts to repair it.a. for b.so that c. so long as d.whichfor sb. to do sth. 基本结构so that+句子 ；so

22、 long as+句子 : 表示只要 ；which + 句子11 The main mirror of the Hubble _d_.a. had problems b. was distant c. was the clearest d. requires repairshad problems 有问题problem with sth. 出问题 (习惯用法) There was a problem with its main mirror.problem的两个含义：question；troublereauires repairs需要修理12 The Hubble is _d_the eart

23、hs atmosphere.a. below b. over c. within d. outsideabove 在之上(凌空)above the earths atmosphere 在大气层的上方Lesson 62 Affer the fire【New words and expressions】（15） control n. 控制smoke n. 烟desolate adj. 荒凉的threaten v. 威胁surrounding adj. 周围的destruction n. 破坏，毁灭flood n. 洪水，水灾authority n. （常用复数）当局grass-seed n. 草籽

24、spray v. 喷撒quantity n. 量root n. 根century n. 世纪patch n. 小片blacken v. 变黑，发暗control n. 控制in control 在控制之内under control 在控制之下,被控制out of control 失控control sth. I can control it. =I can manage it. 我能对付(口语)under arrest 被逮捕smoke n. 烟（雾）full of smoke 充满烟雾smokey adj. 多烟的（名词加-y, 变为形容词）smokey area 吸烟区 ； nonsmok

25、ey area 禁烟区rain rainy ； cloud - cloudysmoker n. 抽烟的人heavy smoker 烟瘾重的人 ； nonsmoker 不抽烟的人 smoke v. 吸烟Dont smoke! = No smoking!He smoked heavily.smoking area / smoking room 吸烟室smoking apartment 火车上的吸烟车厢cigarette = cigar n. 香烟desolate adj. 荒凉的desolate adj. 荒凉的（与地方相连，表示无人居住, 荒无人烟的）；极度孤独的(与人相连时)lonely ad

26、j. 孤独的，荒凉的，偏僻的（与地方连表示孤零零的，但并不表示无人居住）threaten v. 威胁的threaten to do sth. 威胁着要做（与人相连）；有迹象表明It threatened to rain. 有迹象表明天要下雨了。threaten sb. with sth. 以来威胁/恐吓某人 The thief threatened him with a knife. The whole village is threatened with destruction.surrounding adj. 周围的surroundings n. 环境(在周边的事物)atmosphere

27、n. 大气层, 氛围(在周边的人文环境)destruction n. 破坏, 毁灭destroy v. 破坏destructive adj. 毁灭性的construct v. 建设(为创造更好的条件)construction n. 建设, 建筑construction bank 建设银行constructive adj. 建设性的(意见)build v. 建设(具体的建某物)flood n. 洪水, 水灾flood = floods 都对，都可以用，无区别authority n. 当局(常用复数authorities)authority n. 权威（单数）spray v. 喷撒spray st

28、h. over/on 往上喷洒spray water over/on flowerspray grass-seed over/on the groundquantity n. （数）量quantities of 大量的quality n. 质量 sth. with good quality 具有好质量的东西root n. 根What is the root cause? 根本原因是什么？root of 的根take root 生根come out 长出来 shoot come out 发芽（shoot n. 芽）flower come out 开花get out 出去patch n. 小片，颜

29、色和周围不同的部分patch n. (平面上的)一片, 补丁(本意) What is that yellow patch on the wall? 墙上那块黄斑是什么？a patch of 一小片 ；patches of 许多片There are patches of cloud in the sky.a piece of / a bit of / a sheet of 一片，一块blacken v. 变黑，发暗The smoke has blacken the walls. 烟把墙熏黑了。-en后缀表示动词，译为“使变得”weak adj. 虚弱的 weaken v. 使变弱，削弱复合词（由

30、两个词组合而成一个词），如fireman派生词（加前缀或后缀的词）如-tion 名词后缀； - less 形容词后缀【Text】Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control. A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills. Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well. When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a