北京中考英语专项考点阅读理解专题三阅读短文回答问题.docx

1、北京中考英语专项考点阅读理解专题三阅读短文回答问题阅读短文回答问题题型是根据任务型教学设计而成的，它是介于阅读理解与书面表达之间的一种题型。它要求学生在阅读文章后能对文章中某些细节做到准确把握或对整篇文章进行提炼概括，是一种读写相结合的题型。这种题型既考查学生的阅读理解信息的能力，也考查学生的分析问题、解决问题的能力，还考查学生运用英语语言将有关容以文字形式正确地表达出来的能力。纵观近几年的中考试题，不难发现阅读材料难度整体适中，材料后的题目设计难度并不很大，以下是2014-2016年的命题规律。2014年2015年2016年分值101010考点主旨大意题、事实理解题、信息归纳题主旨大意题、事

2、实理解题、信息归纳题主旨大意题、事实理解题、信息归纳题体裁记叙文说明文记叙文题材食品历史黑色星期五信息瓶故事字数328377365难度阅读短文回答问题是中考阅读类题型之一。和阅读选择题型一样，也是对语篇阅读能力的考查。阅读回答问题题型与阅读选择题型不同点在于考生不仅需要对语篇有较好的理解，还要能够将对文章的理解通过自己组织的语言表达出来。因此可以说这个题型兼有阅读理解和书面表达的双重特点。阅读回答问题旨在综合考查考生通过阅读语篇获取信息和处理信息的能力以及写作中基本语法的运用能力。此题型单词总量通常在300词左右。文章体裁通常以说明文为主。题材与现实生活紧密结合。通常第一题是一般疑问句，其他几

3、个题为特殊疑问句，多数考题针对文章中的事实细节，答案都能在原文中找到出处。最后一个问题通常为半开放性题目，往往需要概括文章的主旨要义或对作者的写作意图进行推测。一、阅读技巧1. 略读。快速浏览全文，掌握语篇主旨大意。略读文章时着重阅读理解文章的首段、每段的首句和末句。通过对这几个部分的着重阅读通常能够找到文章的主旨大意；并能够掌握文章的行文脉络，迅速把握短文的主要信息的分布。2. 扫读。认真阅读五个题目，准确理解题意及其涉及的围，带着问题到短文中寻找相关答案。一般的事实题可直接从文中找到答案，较为深层次的逻辑推理判断题，则需要在对全文理解的基础上进行作答。答题一定要立场客观，勿掺杂主观因素。3

4、. 复查。答题后对照短文容对所写出的答案进行审核，做出必要的修正。二、答题技巧答题时，要了解不同问题的回答方式。1. 答题总的原则是简略表达。2. 一般疑问句用Yes/No回答，相对简单些，只要理解文章含义，能判断出是或不是就可以了。3. 选择疑问句回答时不用Yes/No，需选择其中正确的一部分来作答。4. 回答特殊疑问句时较为复杂，要注意问题与回答在形式上的对应。5. 在回答最后一个总结题时，要注意答出关键点（通常有两点以上），用正确的语法将各个要点进行归纳整合，切忌照抄多个原文句子。6. 在回答时，应该对照题目，根据需要对回答的句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性等做出适当的调整。Pass

5、age 1体裁题材词数建议用时记叙文食品历史3289分钟（2014）Almost every kid in this country has ever eaten Hershey chocolate. But do you know that the Hershey chocolate factory is more than one hundred years old?And do you know that the father of Hershey Chocolate,Milton Hershey,had many failures in business before he start

6、ed his famous company?Milton Hershey grew up in Pennsylvania. Before he became interested in making chocolate,he worked as a printer for a small newspaper at first,and then decided that printing was not the right job for him. Then he worked at a candy factory in Lancaster. After working a few years

7、there,he decided to open his own little candy business near Philadelphia. His first business failed because it was not making money. After that,he went to Denver to learn how to make caramels （焦糖） . He took his new skills back to New York and worked selling candies on the street. But his second busi

8、ness also failed. Finally,Milton Hershey moved back to Pennsylvania where he grew up. He then experimented with all sorts of different candies and chocolates. By 1893 he was selling a million dollars worth of caramel candy each year. Since his chocolate-flavored （巧克力味的） caramels were the best sellin

9、g,he decided to make chocolate himself. By experimenting,Milton Hershey discovered how to make delicious chocolate. The area where he lived had a large and easy supply of milk and sugar,which helped him succeed in his chocolate business. In 1903,Milton Hershey built a huge chocolate factory and a to

10、wn to go with it. Today,the town of Hershey is still the home of the factory that Milton Hershey built. And if you ever visit it,you can smell delicious chocolate smells just by driving through the town. The factory is not so hard to find. Just travel down Cocoa Avenue until you get to East Chocolat

11、e Avenue. Turn right at the traffic lights and just follow your nose. 1. Who is the father of Hershey Chocolate?Milton Hershey. 2. Where did he grow up?He grew up in Pennsylvania. 3. Why did he go to Denver?Because he wanted to learn how to make caramels. 4. Why did he decide to make chocolate himse

12、lf?Because his chocolate-flavored caramels were the best selling. 5. What might be the reasons for Hersheys success in his chocolate business?His courage, new skills, determination and the large and easy supply of milk and sugar. Passage 2体裁题材词数建议用时说明文黑色星期五37710分钟Black Friday（2015）Thanksgiving is al

13、ways on a Thursday. The day after it has been known as Black Friday. It is the start of the holiday shopping season, and it has been the busiest shopping day of the year in the US since 2005. Most stores offer big sales on Black Friday. They open their doors quite early in the morning. They try to a

14、ttract shoppers with big discounts （打折）. Some items （商品） like TVs and clothes are much cheaper than usual. Stores may even lose money on these items. They hope that shoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store. Black Friday is a great time to go shopping. However, there are p

15、roblems. The biggest one is that there are not enough low-priced items. Each store may only have a few. These items are in great need, so people stand in long lines to get them. They may wait three to four hours before a store opens. They may be hoping to get a low price on a TV or computer, but not

16、 everybody can get one. Some people leave, disappointed. The situation makes people worried. Some Black Friday events have been crazy. There have been fights over toys among shoppers. Some workers have even been hurt by large crowds. But most Black Friday events are safe and fun. Still, if you plan

17、to go, you will expect large crowds and a bit of pushing. So where does the name “Black Friday” come from?It was first used in Philadelphia in the 1950s. The police called this day Black Friday because of the heavy traffic it caused. In the 1960s, stores tried to rename the day “Big Friday”. It did

18、not stick. The name “Black Friday” continued to spread across the country. It seems that it is here to stay. Now people all over the country take part in Black Friday events. It is even spreading to other parts of the world. Stores have held Black Friday events in the UK, Australia, and Brazil since

19、 2012. In Mexico, stores offer a weekend of discounts every year. They call it“El Buen Fin”, which means “the good weekend” in Spanish. I guess people everywhere like to buy things on sale. 1. Is Black Friday the start of the holiday shopping season?Yes. 2. What is the biggest problem with Black Fri

20、day?There are not enough low-priced items. 3. How long may people have to wait before a store opens?Three to four hours. 4. Where was the name“Black Friday” first used in the 1950s?In Philadelphia. 5. Why do people like going shopping on Black Friday?Because they can get things on sale. / Because th

21、ey can get things with big discounts. Passage 3体裁题材词数建议用时记叙文信息瓶故事36510分钟A 108-year-old Message in a Bottle（2016）On November 30，1906, George Bidder dropped a bottle from a boat into the North Sea. The weighted glass bottle sank almost to the sea floor, and then it moved slowly for 108 years and 138 d

22、ays. Its journey ended when Marianne Winkler found the bottle in 2015. Winkler was then on vacation on Amrum Island. She picked up the bottle when it was washed up onto the beach. She saw a piece of paper inside, but didnt break it open. She could tell that the bottle was old, so she didnt want to d

23、amage it. Finally she got the piece of paper out of the bottle. She found that the paper was actually a postcard. On the back of the card was this message：The Marine Biological Association （海洋生物学协会） would pay a shilling （先令） for the bottle. A shilling was a unit of money that was used in Great Brita

24、in before the early 1970s. Winkler filled out the card and posted it. The association was surprised to get a postcard addressed to George Bidder, the president of the association from 1939 to 1945. The workers of the association searched on the Internet to find a shilling. They found one and sent it

25、 to Winkler as a reward. The message in the bottle was the oldest ever re-discovered. For this reason Marianne Winkler got a place in“Guinness World Records” （吉尼斯世界纪录）. She broke the record for the oldest message in a bottle. Winklers bottle was not the only one Bidder sent to sea. Between 1904 and

26、1906, he sent away more than one thousand bottles. He placed postcards inside them. The bottles were part of a research project to map currents （洋流） in the North Sea. This was the best method at that time. But whether the association could get the bottles back depended on the people who found them.

27、The association reported that about 55 percent of the bottles were returned. They added that the experiment was a success as it showed the east-to-west flow of the North Seas currents. 1. How long did the weighted glass bottle move in the sea?For 108 years and 138 days. 2. Did Marianne Winkler find

28、the bottle in 2015?Yes, she did. 3. What was in the bottle?A piece of paper which was actually a postcard. 4. Who was George Bidder?The president of the Marine Biological Association from 1939 to 1945. 5. Why did Bidder drop bottles into the sea?Because the bottles were part of a research project to

29、 map currents in the North Sea. Passage 4体裁题材词数建议用时议论文学校及日常生活3448分钟Letter A（2016）Young people are always told that they should make the most of their time, that they will never be as free again. So, my question iswhy fill up all this free time with housework？Parents expect their children to get good

30、 grades, be good at sports and be popular with other kids. However, there is not enough time in the day to do these things and then do housework as well. Its not fair to expect teenagers to give up their precious time to do boring housework. Parents and children both have jobs. Parents jobs are in t

31、he workplace. Their childrens jobs are at school. The only difference is that parents get paid and children dont. Parents say that they make their kids do housework to teach them responsibility. But this is just a trick. Parents trick their kids into doing housework because they are lazy. Yours,OverloadedLetter BBoth parents and children have jobs. The parents job is to go to work to earn money. The childs job is to go to school. But we all get hungry. Someone has to cook the meals and clean up afterward. We all wear clothes that get dirty. Someone has to