1、小升初高频考点之现在进行时小升初英语:高频考点之现在进行时考点一、现在进行时的定义定义内容:现在进行时表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作结构特征:助动词 be ( am / is / are ) +动词的现在分词.考点二:动词现在分词的构成:(口诀:“直去双改”)1.大多数动词后可在动词后直接加-ing 如: carry-carrying,catch-catching,drink-drinking, enjoy-enjoying hurry-hurrying ,do-doing , read-reading , think-thinking2.
2、以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,则先去e,再加ing.如:come-coming , have-having , make-making,ride-riding,write-writing,take-taking,use-using3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母的,应双写该辅音字母再加ing, 如: hit-hitting,let-letting, put-putting,run-running,sit-sitting4. 以 -ic 结尾的动词,应先把 -ic 改为 -ick,再加 -ing,如:panic/panicking,picnic/picnicking,但lie/
3、lying ,die/dying,tie/tying是特殊变化要记住(这一条,小学阶段仅作了解,不要求掌握)考点三:句型结构及句式转换:1.现在进行时的肯定形式、否定形式、疑问形式及其回答,所有变化都体现在助动词 be ( is / am / are ) 上1)现在进行时的肯定形式:主语+be(am/ is/are)+doing+其他成分I am singing . They are writing .2)现在进行时的否定形式:主语+be(am/ is/are)+not +doing+其他成分I am not singing . They arent writing .3)一般疑问句及回答:b
4、e(am/ is/are)+ 主语+doing+其他成分Am I singing ? Yes ,you are . / No ,you arent .Are they writing ? Yes ,they are . / No ,they arent .4)特殊疑问句及回答:特殊疑问词+be(am/ is/are)+主语+doing+其他成分What are you doing ? We are playing (要求就提问内容具体回答).2.句式转换:将肯定句变为否定句或一般疑问句变否定:在be动词后面加not,如:I am singing . They are writing . I a
5、m not singing . They arent writing .变一般疑问句:遵循“一提二变三问号”I am singing . They are writing .Am I singing ? Are they writing ? 考点四:现在进行时中be动词的选用及缩写:1.be动词的用法:口诀:Be动词有am,is,are 我(I)用am 你(you)用are is连着他(he)她(she)它(it),单数名词用is 复数名词都用are。2.缩写形式:I am-Im You are-Youre He is-Hes She is-Shes It is-Its We are-Were
6、 They are-Theyre考点五:现在进行时的应用:1.表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情往往与 now,at the moment,just 等副词连用,以示强调例如:(1)We are waiting for you.(附加汉语意思)(2)What are you doing? (3)Someones knocking at the door2.正在进行着的动作可视为未完成的动作:例如:Hes talking to his friends in the classroom.可用 still 一词强调动作的持续性。例如:Hes still talking to his fri
7、ends in the classroom.3. 表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行例如:(1)Mr. Black is writing another article. (2)Dont take that book away. Your fathers using it. (3)She is learning piano under Mr. Black.4.现在进行时可用来表示不会长期发生的动作或情况,或被认为在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情况:例如:(1)Whats your brother doing these days?(2)Hes studying English a
8、t Oxford University.5.现在进行时也可以用来表示当前的动向:例如:People are becoming more and more beautiful these days.6. 表示渐变的动词有:become,turn,get,grow,run,go,begin等例如:(1)The leaves are turning brown. (2)Its getting colder and colder.7.与always,constantly,forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩例如:You are always chang
9、ing your mind.8. 现在进行时(以及 be going to)可以表示为将来安排好的活动和事件 例如:Were spending next winter in China. 用arrive,come,go,leave 等动词的现在进行时描写行程安排,也通常有“将到达”和“将离去”的意思。例如: Hes arriving tomorrow morning.9.当现在进行时表示某事发生的次数过多时,则有时含有抱怨,讨厌,赞扬等的意思:例如:He is always singing at night,and we cant fall asleep late at night. 补充说明
10、(小学阶段只做了解): 不是所有动词都能用现在进行时态的,如:see、like、want、know 等动词往往都不用进行时态考点六:现在进行时与其它时态的区别(1)、一般现在时: 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语:often,usually,always,sometimes,every week(day,year,month),once a week,on Sundays,etc 基本结构:be动词;行为动词 否定形式: am is are not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesnt,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问
11、句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词 do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。 (2)、一般过去时: 概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语:ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month),in 1989,just now, etc 基本结构:be动词;行为动词 否定形式: waswere not;在行为动词前加didnt,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句:was或were放在句首;用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词。 (3)、现在进
12、行时: 概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语:now,at this time,these days,etc 基本结构:amisare doing 否定形式:amisare notdoing 一般疑问句:把be动词放在句首 (建议删减)(4)、一般将来时: 概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 时间状语:tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,in a few minutes,by,the day after tomorrow,etc 基本结构:amisaregoing to do;willshalldo 否
13、定形式:amisare notgoing to do; willshallnotdo 一般疑问句:be放于句首; willshall提到句首 备注:我们通常根据时间状语来判定句子的时态,如果没有明显的时间状语,则根据进院子的意思来分析该用什么时态。注意不要看到Ving就觉得是进行时态,好多同学容易把将来时态当中going当成进行时态中的Ving,那是不对的。尤其注意区分进行时态和将来时态的基本结构。(蓝色字标注的相似结构)Mary, water the flowers (改为现在进行时)解析:本题考查现在进行时的构成和be动词的用法。解答此题时必须牢记现在进行时的句型构成:助动词 be ( a
14、m / is / are ) +动词的现在分词及be动词的口诀(Be动词有am,is,are 我(I)用am 你(you)用are is连着他(he)她(she)它(it),单数名词用is 复数名词都用are。)答案:Mary is watering the flowers.2. _重庆某外国语中学-What is Mary doing?-She _ a panda.A.draws B. is drawing C. drawing 解析:本题考查现在进行时的构成及用法。问句用现在进行时问,答语要用现在进行时答,先排除A答案,再根据现在进行时的句型构成排除C答案。答案:B3. _广东省某中学招生
15、考试题-Whats he doing?-He is _ .解析:本题考查现在分词的构成。Swim是以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,应双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ing。答案:B4. -What is Jenny doing?-She .A.swings B.is going to swin C.is swinging解析:本题考查现在进行时态与其它时态的区别。根据现在进行时的构成:助动词 be ( am / is / are ) +动词的现在分词。答案:C5. _辽宁省大连市某师大附中Nancy is a dance class now. She Chinese dances every Fr
16、iday afternoon.A.having,learn B. having:learns C.has,learning D.have;learn解析:本题仍然考查现在进行时态与其它时态的区别。根据第一句中有时间状语now,判定第一空应该是用现在进行时,排除C.D两个答案。根据第二句中时间状语every Friday afternoon,知道应该用一般现在时,主语是单三人称she,谓语动词改用单三形式。答案;B6. 2012天津某大学附中The girl is singing in the room.(改为一般疑问句) the girl in her room?解析:根据含有be动词的句型转
17、换口诀:一提二变三问号解答出此题。答案:Is, singing三.(举一反三)考点精炼(一).用现在进行时完成下列句子:1. _you_(fly) a kite? Yes,_.2. _you_(sit) in the boat?3. _he_(talk) with me?4. We_(play) football now.5. What_you_(do)?6. I_(sing) an English song.7. What_he_(mend)?8. He_(mend) a car.9. These boys _ (play) tennis on the playground.10. My m
18、other_ (cook) in the kitchen.11. We cant help you,because we _ (have )classes.12. _ the boy _ (write) his homework?13. Look! These butterflies _ (fly) in the sky.14. Listen! The girl _ (sing) in the next room.15. The naughty boy _ (swim) in the river.(二).选择1. Look. Lucy is_ a new bike today.A. jumpi
19、ng B. running C. riding D takeing2. The children _ football.A. is playing B. are playing C. play the D. play a3. They _TV in the evening. They do their homework.A. are watching B. cant watching C. dont watch D. dont watching4. Listen! She_ in the classroom.A. is singingB. sing C .to sing D. is sing5
20、. _are you eating? Im eating _ meat.A. What,some B. Which,any C. Where,not D. What,a6. Is she _ something?A. eat B. eating C. eatting D. eats7.Dont make any noise while the students_ to the class. A. are listening B. listened C. have listened D. had listened8. Jack and Ketty_ in the lake. Lets join
21、them,shall we? A. swim B. have swum C. swamD. are swimming9. Look! The children_ basketball on the playground.A. plays B. played C. is playing D. are playing10. The kite_ high in the sky now. It looks like a big bird.A. has flown B. is flying C. was flying D. flew(三)、句型转换: 1. They are doing housewor
22、k .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _ _ 2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _ _ _ 答案:(一)1. Are ,flying,I am 2. Are sitting,3.Is,talking 4. are plying 5. are,doing 6.am singing 7. is,mending 8. is mending 9.are plying10.is cooking 11. are having 12. Is ,writing 13. are flying14.is singing,15
23、. is swimming(三) 1.Are they doing housework?No,they arent.2.Are the students cleaning the classroom? Yes,they are./No, they arent.(复查答案)优胜路英语组:马明明 高频考点的精编与突破年级:六年级 科目:英语 考点名称:祈使句和感叹句考点一 祈使句(Imperative Sentence)一、考点知识精讲 一 定义 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句,祈使句最常用于表达命令,因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。二 祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,通
24、常都省略。(更改一下)祈使句的动词都为一般 现在时,句末则使用句号来表示结束。三祈使句的形式(加例句) 1 祈使句的肯定式 在祈使句的肯定式中,谓语动词用原形 2 在祈使句的否定式 在祈使句的否定式,谓语用dont/never+动词原形 3 祈使句的let式 以let引导的祈使句,常用于第一人称和第三人称,表示建议。 形式“let+人称代词宾格+动词原形。4 祈使句的强调式 在祈使句的强调式中,动词原形前加do ,表示强调。5 不含动词的祈使句 这种祈使句只由一个单词,词组或短语组成。二、小升初典型例题精析:(应该是例题形式,解析过于简单)1 Go and wash your hands.(去
25、洗你的手。命令)2 Be quiet, please.(Please be quiet.)(请安静。请求)3 Be kind to our sister.(对姊妹要和善。劝告)4 Watch your steps.(走路小心。警告)5 Look out!Danger!(小心!危险!强烈警告,已如感叹句)6 Keep off the grass.(勿践草坪。禁止)7 No parking.(禁止停车。禁止)8 Dont let the dog in.(不要让那只狗进来。)9 Dont touch, please.(请不要用手触摸。)三、(举一反三)考点精练(更改格式,调整底板颜色)选词填空(No
26、 Lets Do Dont Be Stop Have Never)1、Please wait for me、 _walk so fast、2、_quiet, please、3、_ sit straight、4、_ go shopping now、5、_spitting、6、_ talking, class begins、7、_ a good time!8、_ talk to your mum like that!考点二 感叹句一、考点知识精讲结构(缺少定义,缺少翻译,内容过于简单)一、由感叹词what引导的感叹句。1. What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语! What+名词
27、词组+主语+谓语!如: What a fine day it is!2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!如: What kind women they are!What nice music it is!二、由How引导的感叹句。(how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。)1.How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!如: How hard the workers are working!How clever the girl is!How quickly the boy is writing!2. How+主语+谓语!如:How time flies! 时光飞逝!三、注意:
28、1. 当how修饰动词时,动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。如: How fast the runner runs!2. how与what引导的感叹句中的第一种格式(单数名词)一般情况下可以相互转换,转换后意义不变。如: What an interesting story it is! = How interesting the story is!What a beautiful building it is! = How beautiful the building is!3. 在口语中,感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。如: What a nice present!(省略it is)How disa
29、ppointed!(省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语)用法感叹句多以how或what引导,但在口语中,还有一些特殊的感叹句表达形式。1以副词here, there, in开头的感叹句。(少一个例句)Here comes the bus! 公共汽车来了!There they are! 他们在那儿呢!2以疑问词who开头,表示惊奇。Who else will read such a book! 谁还会读这样的书!3以情态动词may开头,表示愿望。May you both be happy! 祝二位幸福。May you succeed! 祝你成功!4否定疑问句用作感叹句时,它的意义是肯定的;但肯定疑问句用作感叹句在美国英语中比较常见。Arent they sweet! 他们多可爱啊!I am hungry! 我饿极了!5一
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