学年高中英语Unit2GrowingpainsSectionⅣGrammar.docx

1、学年高中英语Unit2GrowingpainsSectionGrammarSection Grammar & Writing 语法图解 探究发现In the corner, there is a garbage can around which are pieces of garbage and waste paper.David, we think, is the person to whom you should write.The policeman with whom Henry is talking in the office is a friend of mine.Perhaps

2、there is a reason why the house is in a mess.This is the house where Lu Xun lived.I still remember those years when I lived with him.我的发现(1)例句中含“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句，而且关系词作介词的宾语。(2)例句中含关系副词引导的定语从句，而且关系副词在从句中作状语。why作原因状语；where作地点状语；when作时间状语。一、“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句1“介词关系代词”结构定语从句中的介词有时可置于关系代词之前，形成“介词关系代词”结构。关系代词

3、通常是which和whom，which指物，whom指人。 名师点津若定语从句中的短语是固定搭配，拆开便失去了原来的意义，则介词通常不能前置到关系代词之前。如look for, look after, take care of等。This is the painting which/that hes looking for.这就是他正在找的那幅画。(从句中的look for为固定短语，不能拆开)即时演练1用“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句合并句子Liu Yang will never forget the day.She was carried into space by spaceship o

4、n that day.Liu_Yang_will_never_forget_the_day_on_which_she_was_carried_into_space_by_spaceship.The store was broken into last night.My sister works in the store.The_store_in_which_my_sister_works_was_broken_into_last_night.The reason is that he was ill yesterday.He did not hand in his homework for t

5、hat reason.The_reason_for_which_he_did_not_hand_in_his_homework_is_that_he_was_ill_yesterday.The English play was a great success.The students acted in it at the New Years party.The_English_play_in_which_the_students_acted_at_the_New_Years_party_was_a_great_success.Who is the man?You shook hands wit

6、h him just now.Who_is_the_man_with_whom_you_shook_hands_just_now?2介词的确定方法结合句意，一看先行词，二看从句的谓语动词与先行词的搭配来确定介词。In this room, we saw a big table on which there were all kinds of fruits.在这个房间里，我们看到一张上面放着各种各样的水果的大桌子。(which代指a big table，介词根据on the table 来确定)This is the man from whom I learned about the news.

7、/This is the man whom I learned about the news from.我就是从这个人那儿听到那个消息的。(whom代指the man，介词根据learn . from来确定)即时演练2用适当的“介词关系代词”填空This is a picture of Lei Feng from_whom weve learned a lot.To tell you the truth, the singer for_whom you are waiting wont come tonight.As we all know, the age at_which children

8、 can go to school is seven.These are the visitors to_whom the man was too rude.He built a telescope through_which he could study the sky in his free time.3先行词是way的定语从句way(方式，方法)作先行词，后接定语从句时，若从句引导词在从句中作状语，则引导词用in which或that，引导词也可省略；当引导词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语时，引导词用which/that。I dont like the way (that/in which)

9、 you speak to your mother.我不喜欢你跟你妈妈说话的方式。The way which/that you told me yesterday doesnt work.你昨天告诉我的方法不管用。即时演练3完成句子他给我们解释的方法非常简单。The way that/which_he_explained_to_us was quite simple.他向我们解释这个句子的方法不难理解。The way that/in_which_he_explained_the_sentence_to_us was not difficult to understand.二、关系副词引导的定语

10、从句1关系副词(介词关系代词)关系副词先行词含义where表示地点的名词：抽象地点和具体地点“(在)地方”，相当于“介词which”when表示时间的名词“在时候”，相当于“介词which”whyreason“为什么”，相当于“for which”I shall remember the days when (in which) we studied together forever.我将永远记住我们一起学习的日子。Last year my parents went to the farm where (on which) they worked 30 years ago again.去年我父

11、母又去了那个他们三十年前劳动过的农场。Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们的帮助的理由吗？即时演练4(1)用适当的关系副词代替句中的黑体部分The rain came at a time at which it was not needed.whenThis is the computer by/on which he has stolen top secret documents.whereHere is the place at which the murder took place.whereHe

12、 didnt give any reason for which I had been fired.why(2)用适当的关系副词填空(天津高考改编)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.(湖南高考改编)I am looking forward to the day when my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.(福建高考改编)Students shou

13、ld involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.2关系副词的用法(1)where的用法在从句中作地点状语。常可用in which, at which, on which等代替。Can you tell me the office where he works?Can you tell me the office in which he works?你能告诉我他上班的办公室吗？(2)when的用法在从句中作时间状语。常用on which, in which, at wh

14、ich, during which等代替。April 1st is the day when people make fun of others.April 1st is the day on which people make fun of others.4月1日是人们捉弄别人的日子。(3)why的用法why在定语从句中作原因状语，可用for which代替。This is the reason why he went away.This is the reason for which he went away.这就是他离开的原因。名师点津区别使用关系代词还是关系副词的方法是看他们在定语从句

15、中充当的成分。关系代词充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，关系副词充当状语。试比较下面两组句子：This is the factory that/which produces radios.This is the factory where radios are produced.这就是那家生产收音机的工厂。即时演练5用适当的关系词填空(江苏高考改编)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work where a good impression is a must.(北京高考改编)Many countries are now setting up national parks where animals and plants can be protected.(陕西高考改编)As the smallest child of his family, Al