学年人教版英语必修1Section Ⅳ Grammar.docx

1、学年人教版英语必修1Section GrammarSection Grammar定语从句()1(教材P34)The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.2(教材P34)It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.3(教材P34)He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.4(教材P34)However, thi

2、s was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.5(教材P34)The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.6(教材P34).until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.7(教材P34)The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the

3、poorest parts of South Africa.8(教材P34).we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词的指代及功能关系副词先行词功能 when表示时间的名词时间状语 where表示地点的名词地点状语 why reason原因状语 1.关系副词when引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语。I still remember the time whe

4、n I first travelled by plane.我仍然记得我第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。We will never forget the year when the 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing.我们将永远不会忘记第29届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。2关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语。Id like to live in the house where there is plenty of sunshine.我喜欢住在那个阳光充足的房子里。The house where I li

5、ved ten years ago has been pulled down.我十年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。3关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语。 I dont know the reason why he didnt turn to his good friend for help yesterday.我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。Can you tell me the reason why you didnt come to his birthday party?你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？表示时间、地点及原因的名词作

6、先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则应用关系代词。试比较： Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night？你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语)Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm？你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which在从句中作spent的宾语)The reason wh

7、y/for which you failed was that you had not followed your mothers advice.你失败的原因是你没有听你母亲的忠告。(定语从句中缺少状语，所以用why或for which, why作原因状语)I wont listen to the reason that/which you have given us.我坚决不听你给我们提供的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用that/which，不用why)【即时演练1】对比填空：that, which, when, where, whyI will never forget the d

8、ays that/which we spent together.I will never forget the days when we stayed together.The reason that/which he explained at the meeting was not sound.The reason why he was late was that he missed his train.Keep the book in a place where you can find it easily.This is the house which/that was built b

9、y my grandfather forty years ago.“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词which”；关系代词有时也用whose(作定语)。选用介词的依据：1根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。(be famous for因而出名)2根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。

10、This is the camera with which he often takes photos.这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(with camera用照相机)The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist. 刚才和你们说话的老太太是一个著名的艺术家。(talk with sb.和某人谈话)3根据句子的意思来选择。My computer, without which I cant surf the Internet，broke down yesterday.昨天我的电脑坏了，没有它我不能网上冲浪。4表示“所有”

11、关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。I have ten books, half of which were written by Mo Yan.我有10本书，其中一半是莫言写的。The old man has two sons, both of whom are lawyers.这位老人有两个儿子，他们都是律师。在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用，如look after, look for等不能把介词移至which或whom之前。The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正)The ba

12、bies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.(误)【即时演练2】关系词或介词填空Maria has written two novels, both of which have been made into television series.The girl to whom you spoke just now is our English teacher.The day will come on which we will win the final victory.The woman with whom you shoo

13、k hands just now is head of our company.The death of his son was an experience from which he never fully recovered. 单句语法填空1I will never forget the days when we stayed in Australia.2We visited the house where the famous scientist once lived.3The reason why John changed his mind is not clear.4The chil

14、d who/whom/that the nurses are looking after is very well now.5I miss the apartment where I used to live.6It was a period when they met very frequently.7When I arrived, my friend took me to see the house where I would be staying.8We have come to a point where everyone has different opinions and it i

15、s difficult to reach an agreement.9Bob is now in a position where he has no more money to pay his rent.10One of the reasons why he was refused in the interview was that his spoken English was terrible.11The reason why he gave up his wellpaid job isnt known to us.12Ill never forget the time that/whic

16、h we spent together in the army camp.13Ill never forget the day when I joined the League.14Miss Liu is an excellent teacher from whom I have learned a lot.15The Smiths have two children, both of whom work in New York. 单句改错1We took many photos in the shop where we were interested in for a long time.w

17、herewhich/that2.Jack is the only classmate to that I am very close.thatwhom3Why did you put yourself in a position which you had no rights at all？whichwhere或在which前加in4.Im not interested in the subject on that they are doing a research now.thatwhich5I want to have a friend with which I can share my

18、joy and sadness.whichwhom6Do you still remember the days when we spent together on the farm？去掉when或whenthat/which7I dont know the reason which he left the company without saying a word.whichwhy或在which前加for8No one believed the reason why Tom had given this morning.去掉why或在whythat/which9I will always r

19、emember the teacher about whom I learned the importance of communication. aboutfrom10The bookstore which I bought my first dictionary has become a restaurant now.whichwhere或在which前加in 语法与写作将下列句子合并升级为定语从句。1The university is big and beautiful. My brother studies in the university.The university where/

20、in which my brother studies is big and beautiful2The party turned out to be quite successful. We sang the beautiful song Forever Young at the party.The party where/at which we sang the beautiful song Forever Young turned out to be quite successful.3Do you know the lady? Our English teacher is taking

21、 a photo of her.Do you know the lady whom our English teacher is taking a photo of?4Rose knew the year. The Red Cross was founded in the year.Rose knew the year when/in which the Red Cross was founded.5Paul looked so excited today. His friend didnt know the real reason.Pauls friend didnt know the re

22、al reason why/for which he looked so excited today.6We paid a visit to that coffee shop last summer. A writer wrote his famous book in the coffee shop.Last summer we paid a visit to the coffee shop where/in which a writer wrote his famous book.7Well go to hear the famous singer. We often talked abou

23、t the famous singer.Well go to hear the famous singer whom we often talked about8She has three sons. All of her sons are abroad now.She has three sons, all of whom are abroad now.9There are sixty students in our class. Thirty of the students in our class are boys.There are sixty students in our clas

24、s, thirty of whom are boys.10He wrote many childrens books. Nearly half of the childrens books were published in the 1990s.He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of which were published in the 1990s. 单句语法填空1Ill never forget the day when I joined the football club.2Xian is the place where I was b

25、orn.3He didnt tell me the reason why he was so sad. 4Do you still remember the day when we met on the train for the first time?5We visited the hospital where I was born thirty years ago.6The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year has risen to one million.7They have reached th

26、e stage where they are going to get married.8The car whose window got broken in the accident belongs to Mr Brown.9This is the primary school where both my brother and I stayed for six years.10We went through a period when communications were very difficult in the rural areas. 阅读理解AClara Barton, born

27、 on Christmas in 1821, is widely known as one of the most honoured women in American history. She began teaching school when most teachers were men at that time. Later, she became one of the first women ever to be employed(雇用) by the government.Her career in helping the sick began when her brother D

28、avid became her first patient. He fell down from the roof of a house when Clara was just 11 years old. She stayed by his side and looked after him for three years, learning how to give him all his medicines. When the Civil War began in 1861, she immediately recognised that the poorly equipped soldie

29、rs needed help. Instead of waiting for others to step in, Clara collected necessary things on her own, asked the public for donations and learnt how to store and distribute them to soldiers. She also read to the soldiers and wrote letters for them.After the Battle of Cedar Mountain in northern Virgi

30、nia in 1862, Clara arrived at a field hospital at midnight with a vehicle full of supplies. A doctor named Paul Smith at that hospital would later write, “I thought heaven had sent out an angel that nighther assistance arrived at exactly the right time.” In 1869, Clara went to Europe and learnt abou

31、t the International Committee of the Red Cross. Upon her return to the United States, she successfully founded the American Red Cross. She led the organisation for the next 23 years. Her last field mission(使命) as leader of the American Red Cross was to help the victims of the 1900 Galveston hurricane. She did not retire from the American Red Cross until she was 83. True to her nature, Clara always went to where the need was the greatest.Today, the American Red Cross continues the mission Clara started more than 100 year