OB11TIF06.docx

1、OB11TIF06Chapter 6 Basic Motivation ConceptsMULTIPLE CHOICE Defining Motivation2. Motivation is best defined as a process that: a. results in a level of effort. b. intensifies an individuals efforts. c. accounts for an individuals efforts toward attaining a goal. d. meets and individuals needs.Moder

2、ate; p. 170)Early Theories of Motivation5. The most well-known theory of motivation is Abraham Maslows:a. Theories X and Yb. Hierarchy of Needsc. Two-factor Theoryd. Motivator-Hygiene TheoryEasy; p. 171)6. Maslows hierarchy has five levels of needs. Which of the following is not one of those levels?

3、 a. safety needs b. social needs c. hygiene needs d. self-actualization needsModerate; p. 171)7. Which of Maslows hierarchy of needs deals with satisfying ones need for hunger, thirst, and sex? a. safety b. physiological c. social d. esteemModerate; p. 171)8. Self-respect, autonomy, and achievement

4、are examples of Maslows:a. Self-actualization factors.b. social factors.c. esteem factors.d. psychological factors.Challenging; p. 171)9. Maslows hierarchy of needs are arranged in which of the following orders? a. physiological, esteem, safety, social, and self-actualization b. physiological, safet

5、y, social, esteem, and self-actualization c. safety, physiological, esteem, social, and self-actualization d. physiological, social, safety, esteem, and self-actualizationModerate; p. 171)11. According to Maslow, when does a need stop motivating? a. when it is substantially satisfied b. it never sto

6、ps motivating c. when one returns to a lower level need d. when one chooses to move to a higher level needModerate; p. 171)12. Which one of the following statements about Maslows hierarchy of needs theory is not true? a. The five levels of needs are arranged in hierarchical order. b. Physiological n

7、eeds are the lowest level. c. The lower order need must be fully satisfied before the next higher need becomes dominant. d. The need hierarchy concept has not been well supported by research.Challenging; p. 171)17. A Theory X manager would view employees as: a. seeking responsibility. b. needing to

8、be coerced to achieve goals. c. viewing work as a normal daily activity. d. exercising self control. Easy; p. 172)18. Which of the following statements best describes a manager who follows Theory X assumptions? a. He lets employees choose their own goals. b. He allows employees to use discretion. c.

9、 He imposes strict controls. d. He makes extensive use of delegating authority.Moderate; p. 172)20. A Theory Y manager would assume that employees would: a. dislike work. b. need to be controlled. c. avoid responsibility. d. exercise self direction.Easy; p. 172)21. A Theory X manager would assume th

10、at employees would: a. like work. b. seek responsibility. c. need to be controlled. d. exercise self direction.Easy; p. 172)24. The two-factor theory is also referred to as:a. Theories X and Y.b. Motivator-Hygiene Theory.c. Hierarchy of Needs Theory.d. Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction Theory.Moderate; p

11、. 172)25. Two-factor theory suggests that extrinsic factors such as _ cause dissatisfaction. a. advancement b. working conditions c. achievement d. recognitionModerate; p. 173)27. Which one of the following would Herzberg classify as a hygiene factor? a. responsibility b. growth c. company policy d.

12、 achievementModerate; p. 173)28. Which one of the following would be considered a motivator in the two-factor theory? a. salary b. supervision c. working conditions d. recognitionModerate; p. 174)29. The hygiene factors make up the continuum that ranges from: a. no dissatisfaction to dissatisfaction

13、. b. no dissatisfaction to satisfaction. c. satisfaction to no satisfaction. d. satisfaction to dissatisfaction.Challenging; Exh. 6-3; p. 173)Contemporary Theories of Motivation33. _ substitutes three core needs for Maslows five needs. a. ERG theory b. Equity theory c. McClellands theory of needs d.

14、 Expectancy theoryModerate; p. 175)36. Our intrinsic desire for personal development is included in Alderfers: a. existence needs. b. relatedness needs. c. growth needs. d. esteem needs.Moderate; p. 175)38. Which one of the following is not characteristic of ERG theory? a. It proposes three levels o

15、f needs: existence, relatedness, and growth. b. More than one level of needs may serve as motivators at the same time. c. It involves a frustration-regression process. d. The existence needs must be satisfied before the relatedness needs become important.Moderate; p. 176)40. McClellands theory of ne

16、eds includes all of the following except: a. need for achievement. b. need for existence. c. need for power. d. need for affiliation.Moderate; p. 177)42. Which of the following needs is included in McClellands theory of needs? a. control b. power c. attainment d. successEasy; p. 177)46. McClellands

17、need for achievement best approximates Maslows need for: a. esteem. b. self-actualization. c. social. d. physiological.Challenging; p. 177)48. The desire for positive relationships with others is an example of McClellands: a. need for achievement. b. need for affiliation. c. need for power. d. need

18、for esteem.Easy; p. 177)49. The desire for influence and control over others is an example of McClellands: a. need for achievement. b. need for affiliation. c. need for power. d. need for esteem.Easy; p. 177)50. Individuals with a high need to achieve prefer all of the following except: a. job situa

19、tions with personal responsibility. b. a high degree of risk. c. overcoming obstacles. d. feedback.Moderate; p. 177)52. A high _ motive may be a requirement for managerial effectiveness. a. need for achievement b. need for affiliation c. need for power d. need for esteemChallenging; p. 178)56. Accor

20、ding to the goal-setting theory of motivation, goals should be: a. extremely difficult. b. easy. c. difficult but attainable. d. just a bit beyond his or her potential.Moderate; p. 180-181)58. Which of the following is inconsistent with goal-setting theory? a. Specificity increases motivation. b. Go

21、als that are certain to be accomplished increase motivation. c. Challenging goals or difficult goals can increase performance. d. If employees participate in setting goals, chances for acceptance are increased.Challenging; p. 180-181)60. Your personal evaluation of your ability to perform is termed:

22、 a. expectancy. b. autonomy. c. self-efficacy. d. task identity.Easy; p. 182)64. Changes in behavior attributed to reinforcement theory may also be explained in terms of: a. goals b. inequity c. expectancy d. all of the aboveModerate; p. 183)71. In equity theory, individuals assess the: a. cost-bene

23、fit ratio. b. efficiency-effectiveness trade-off. c. quantity-quality trade-off. d. outcome-input ratio.Moderate; p. 186)73. When people perceive an imbalance in their outcome-input ratio relative to others: a. reinforcement theory is imbalanced. b. expectancy theory is violated. c. equity tension i

24、s created. d. distributive justice is questioned.Challenging; p. 186)74. Each of the following is a comparison an employee can use in equity theory except: a. self-inside. b. self-goal. c. other-outside. d. self-outside.Moderate; p. 187)76. Which of the following is not a predictable choice when emp

25、loyees perceive an inequity?a. change their inputsb. change their outcomesc. choose a different referentd. acquire more tenureModerate; p. 187)78. If a piece-rate employee is overpaid, equity theory would predict that: a. quality will increase. b. quantity will increase. c. quality will decrease. d.

26、 there will be no effect.Challenging; p. 188)80. There are several types of justice. Which one is the term for “fairness of the process?” a. interpersonal justice b. distributive justice c. equity d. procedural justiceModerate; p. 189)83. _ justice is perceived fairness of the amount and allocation

27、of rewards among individuals. a. Interactive b. Interpersonal c. Procedural d. DistributiveEasy; p. 189)86. The degree to which an individual believes that performing at a particular level will generate a desired outcome is defined by expectancy theory as: a. performance-reward relationship. b. effo

28、rt-performance relationship. c. rewards-personal goals relationship. d. effort-satisfaction relationship.Moderate; p. 190)87. Which of the following is not one of the relationships proposed in expectancy theory? a. performance-reward relationship. b. effort-performance relationship. c. rewards-perso

29、nal goals relationship. d. effort-satisfaction relationship.Moderate; p. 190) 88. In expectancy theory, the probability perceived by the individual that exerting a given amount of effort will lead to performance is the _ relationship. a. rewards-personal goals b. performance-reward c. effort-perform

30、ance d. rewards-effort Moderate; p. 190)91. Which of the following concepts is inconsistent with the expectancy theory of motivation? a. Self-interest is pursued. b. Performance and rewards are related. c. Attractive rewards will motivate. d. Ones inputs and outputs are compared to anothers.Challeng

31、ing; p. 189-190)TRUE/FALSE Defining Motivation97. Motivation is a personality trait.Moderate; p. 170)Early Theories of Motivation104. Higher-order needs are satisfied externally, whereas lower-order needs are predominantly satisfied internally.Challenging; p. 171)110. According to Herzberg, the opposite of “satisfaction” is “dissatisfaction.”Moderate; p. 173)112. According to Herzberg, pay is a motivation factor.Modera