桥梁工程词汇.docx

1、桥梁工程词汇结构控制: structural control 结构控制剂: constitution controller裂缝宽度容许值: allowable value of crack width装配式预制: precast 装配式预制的: precast-segmental 装配式预制混凝土环: precast concrete segmental ring安装预应力: prestressed最优化: optimization 次最优化: suboptimization空心板梁: hollow slab beam主梁截面: girder section边、中跨径: side span &

2、middle spin主梁: girder|main beam|king post 桥主梁: bridge girder 主梁翼: main spar单墩: single pier 单墩尾水管: single-pier draught tube 单墩肘形尾水管: one-pier elbow draught tube结构优化设计: optimal structure designing 多跨连续梁: continuous beam on many supports拼接板: splice bar|scab|splice plate 端头拼接板: end matched lumber 销钉拼接板:

3、 pin splice裂缝:crack /crevice跨越: stride leap|across|spanning 跨越杆: cross-over pole|crossing pole 跨越点: crossing point|crossover point刚构桥: rigid frame bridge T形刚构桥: T-shaped rigid frame bridge 连续刚构桥: continuous rigid frame bridge刚度比: stiffness ratio /ratio of rigidity 动刚度比: dynamic stiffenss ratio 等截面粱:

4、 uniform cross-section beam铁路桥梁工程: railway bridge engineering 悬索桥: suspension bridge加劲悬索桥: stiffened suspension bridge预应力混凝土: prestressed concrete预应力混凝土梁: prestressed concrete beam 预应力混凝土管: prestressed concrete pipe预应力钢筋束: pre-stressing tendon抛物线型钢丝束: parabolic cable最小配筋率: minimum steel ratio轴向拉力: a

5、xial tension /axial tensile force 承台: bearing platform|cushion cap|pile caps 桩承台: pile cap|platform on piles 低桩承台: low pile cap 拱桥: hump bridge|arch bridge|arched bridge 强度: intensity|Strength|Density 刚强度: stiffness光强度: light intensity|intensity箍筋: stirrup|reinforcement stirrup|hooping 箍筋柱: tied col

6、umn|hooped column U形箍筋: U stirrup 预应力元件: prestressed element等效荷载: equivalent load 等效荷载原理: principle of equivalent loads 等效荷载/等值负载: equivalent load模型: matrix /model /mould /pattern承载能力极限状态: ultimate limit states 正常使用极限状态: serviceability limit state 正常使用极限状态验证: verification of serviceability limit sta

7、tes 弹性: elasticity|flexibility|stretch 弹性体: elastomer|elastic body|SPUA 平截面假定: plane cross-section assumption抗拉强度: intensity of tension /tensile strength安全系数: safety factor标准值: standard value/reference value 作用标准值: characteristic value of an action 重力标准值: gravity standard设计值:value of calculation /de

8、sign value 作用设计值: design value of an action 荷载设计值: design value of a load可靠度:confidence level/reliability /fiduciary level / degree of reliability 不可靠度: Unreliability 高可靠度: High reliability几何特征: geometrical characteristic 配位几何特征: coordinated geometric feature 流域几何特征: basin geometric characteristics塑

9、性: plastic nature /plasticity应力图: stress diagram|stress pattern 谷式应力图: Cremonas method 机身应力图: fuselage stress diagram压应力: compressive stress|compression stress 抗压应力: compressive stress|pressure load 内压应力: internal pressure stress配筋率: ratio of reinforcement /reinforcement ratio reinforcement percenta

10、ge 平均配筋率: balanced steel ratio 纵向配筋率: longitudinal steel ratio有限元分析: finite element analysis 反有限元分析: inverse finite element analysis 有限元法: FInite Element|finite element method 积有限元法: CVFEM 线性有限元法: Linear Finite Element Method裂缝控制: crack control 控制裂缝钢筋: crack-control reinforcement 检查，核对: check应力集中: s

11、tress concentration 应力集中点: hard spot|focal point of stress 应力集中器: stress concentrators主拉应力: principal tensile stress非线性：nonlinearity非线性振动 nonlinear oscillations nonlinear vibration 非线性振动: nonlinear vibration 非线性振动理论: theory of non linear vibration 非线性随机振动: Nonlinear random vibration弯矩: bending momen

12、t|flexural moment|kN-m 弯矩图: bending moment diagram|moment curve 双弯矩: bimoment弯矩中心: center of moments|moment center弯矩分配法 momentdistribution弯矩分配法: hardy cross method|cross method弯矩图: bending moment diagram|moment curve 最终弯矩图: final bending moment diagram 最大弯矩图: maximum bending moment diagram剪力: sheari

13、ng force|shear force|shear 剪力墙: shear wall|shearing wall|shear panel 剪力钉: shear nails|SHEAR CONCRETE STUD弹性模量: elasticity modulus /youngs modulus elastic modulus /modulus of elasticity /elastic ratio剪力图: shear diagram|shearing force diagram 剪力和弯矩图: Shear and Moment Diagrams 绘制剪力和弯矩图的图解法: Graphical M

14、ethod for Constructing Shear and Moment Diagrams 剪力墙结构: shear wall structure轴力: shaft force|axial force 螺栓轴力测试仪: Bolt shaft force tester 轴向力: axial force|normal force|beam框架结构: frame construction等参单元: isoparametric element板单元: plate unit 托板单元: pallet unit 骨板骨单元: lamella/lamellaeosteon曲率: curvature材料

15、力学: mechanics of materials结构力学: structural mechanicstheory of structures 重结构力学: barodynamics 船舶结构力学: Structual Mechamics for Ships弯曲刚度: bending stiffness|flexural rigidity 截面弯曲刚度: flexural rigidity of section 弯曲刚度: bending stiffness钢管混凝土结构: encased structures极限荷载: ultimate load 极限荷载设计: limit load de

16、signultimate load design 设计极限荷载: design limit|design ultimate load板壳力学: mechanics of board shell Plate Mechanics 板壳非线性力学: Nonlinear Mechanics of Plate and Shell本构模型: constitutive model 体积本构模型: bulk constitutive equation 本构模型屈服面: yield surface主钢筋: main reinforcementmain reinforcing steel 钢筋混凝土的主钢筋: m

17、ain bar悬臂梁: cantilever beam|cantilever|outrigger 悬臂梁长: length of cantilever 悬链线: Catenary|catenary wire|chainette 伪悬链线: pseudo catenary 悬链线长: catenary length加劲肋: stiffening rib|stiffener|ribbed stiffener 短加劲肋: short stiffener 支承加劲肋: bearing stiffener技术标准: technology standard水文学: hydrology|hydroaraph

18、y|水文图: hydrograph|hydrological maps招标: invite public bidding投标: submit a bid /bid for 连续梁: continuous beam|through beam 多跨连续梁: continuous beam on many supports 悬臂连续梁: gerber beam 加劲梁: stiffening girder|buttress brace 加劲梁节点: stiff girder connection 支撑刚性梁，加劲梁，横撑: buttress brace桥梁抗震加固: bridge aseismati

19、c strengthening抗风: Withstand Wind|wind resistance 抗风锚: weather anchor 抗风性: wind resistance桥梁控制测量: bridge construction control survey 桥梁最佳施工指南: Bridge Best Practice Guidelines 桥梁工程施工技术咨询: Bridge Construction Engineering Service总体设计: overall design/general arrangement /integrated design总体设计概念: total d

20、esign concept 工厂总体设计图: general layout scheme初步设计: predesign /preliminary plan 技术设计: technical design|technical project 技术设计员: Technical Designer|technician 技术设计图: technical drawing 施工图设计: construction documents design 施工图设计阶段: construction documents design phase 基本建设项目施工图设计: design of working drawin

21、g of a capital construction project桥台: bridge abutment基础: foundation /base /basis结构形式: Type of construction|form of structure 表结构形式: list structure form 屋顶结构形式: roof form地震活动: Seismic activityseismic motion/earthquake activity地震活动性: seismicity/seismic 地震活动图: seismicity map支撑体系: bracing system/suppor

22、t system 公路桥涵公路施工手册-桥涵: Optimization of Road Traffic Organization-Abstract引道: approach road /ramp way /approach 引道坡: approach ramp/a roachramp 引道版: approach slab装配式桥: fabricated bridge/precast bridge 装配式房屋: prefabricated buildings 装配式钢体: fabricated steel body 耐久性: durability/permanence/endurance 不耐久

23、性: fugitiveness 耐久性试验: endurance test|life test|durability test持久状况: persistent situation短暂状况: transient situation偶然状况: accidental situation永久作用: permanent action 永久作用标准值: characteristic value of permanent action可变作用: variable action 可变作用标准值: characteristic value of variable action 可变光阑作用: iris acti

24、on偶然作用: accidental action 偶然同化（作用）: accidental assimilation 作用效应偶然组合: accidental combination for action effects作用代表值: representative value of an action作用标准值: characteristic value of an action 地震作用标准值: characteristic value of earthquake action 可变作用标准值: characteristic value of variable action作用频遇值: fr

25、equent value of an action 安全等级: safety class/security level/safeclass 生物安全等級: biosafety level设计基准期 design reference period 设计基准期: design reference period作用准永久值: quasipermanent value of an action作用效应: effects of actions/effect of an action 互作用效应: interaction effect 质量作用效应: mass action effect作用效应设计值:

26、Design value of an action effect分项系数: partial safety factor|partial factor 作用分项系数: partial safety factor for action 抗力分项系数: partial safety factor for resistance作用效应组合: combination for action effects 作用效应基本组合: fundamental combination for action effects 作用效应偶然组合: accidental combination for action effe

27、cts结构重要性系数: Coefficient for importance of a structure公路等级: highway classification 公路等级代码: Code for highway classification 公路路面等级与面层类型代码: Code for classification and type of highway pavement顺流: fair current设计洪水频率: designed flood frequency水力: water power /water conservancy irrigation works 水力学:hydraul

28、ics/hydromechanicsfluid mechanics 水力的: hydraulic|hydrodynamic|hyd 河槽: stream channel/river channel/gutter 古河槽: old channel 河槽线: channel axis河岸: bank|riverside|river bank 河岸林: riparian forest 河岸权: riparian right河岸侵蚀: bank erosion|stream bank erosion 河岸侵食: bank erosion 河岸侵蚀, 堤岸冲刷: bank erosion高架桥桥墩: v

29、iaduct pier桥梁净空: bridge clearance行车道: carriageway/traffic lane/through lane 快行车道: fast lane 西行车道: westbound carriageway一级公路：A road /arterial road /arterial highway 一级公路网: primary highway system二级公路: B road/secondary road涵洞: culvert 梁涵洞: Beam Culverts 木涵洞: timber culvert河床: river bed/stream bed /runw

30、ay冰河床: glacier bed 型河床: oxbow|horseshoe bend|meander loop河滩: river shoal|beach|river flat 河滩地: flood land|overflow land 河滩区: riffle area高级公路: high-type highway高架桥: viaduct|overhead viaduct 高架桥面: elevated deck洪水流量: volume of flood /flood discharge 洪水流量预报: flood discharge forecast 平均年洪水流量: average ann

31、ual flood设计速度: design speed|designed speed|design rate 最大阵风强度的设计速度: Design Speed for Maximum Gust Intension跨度: span紧急停车: emergency shutdown (cut-off) /emergency cut-off /abort|panic stop|emergency stop 紧急停车带: lay-by|emergency parking strip 紧急停车阀: emergency stop valve减速: gear down/retardment/speed-down Deceleration/slowdown车道: traffic lane路缘带: marginal strip|side