《老人与海》中的生态意识解读427 已修改.docx

1、老人与海中的生态意识解读 427 已修改 上海电力学院本科毕业设计（论文） 题 目 Ecological Interpretation of TheOld Man and the Sea从老人与海看海明威的生态意识_院系 外国语学院英语系 专业年级 英语专业2011级 学生姓名 学号 指导教师 2015年 月 日Ecological Interpretation of The Old Man and The SeaByHu RongA thesisSubmitted to English DepartmentCollege of Foreign LanguagesShanghai Univer

2、sity of Electric PowerIn partial fulfillment of the requirementsFor the degree of Bachelor of ArtsSupervised by Chen Huilian, 2015AcknowledgementsFirst and foremost, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to my supervisor, Professor _A_, both for his intellectual guidance and for his warm an

3、d constant encouragement during the process of writing this thesis. With patience and prudence, he labored through drafts of this thesis and pointed out defects in my theorizing. Therefore, I owe all the merits in this thesis, if any, to him, though I am fully aware that the thesis might still conta

4、in some mistakes, for which I bear the whole responsibility.My cordial and sincere thanks go to Professor _B_, whose interesting and informative lectures on discourse analysis lead me to a challenging yet fascinating domain of academic research. The profit that I gained from his profound knowledge,

5、remarkable expertise and intellectual ingenuity will be of everlasting significance to my future research.I am also deeply indebted to Professor _C_, formerly of _ University and now of _ University, who kindly offered me relevant materials and whose innovative perspectives greatly assisted me in co

6、nceptualizing the present thesis.I am also very grateful to _D_, whose careful and microscopic scrutiny of the manuscript resulted in the elimination of many inconsistencies.Finally, big thanks go to my family, who have shared with me my worries, frustrations, and hopefully my ultimate happiness in

7、eventually finishing this thesisEcological Interpretation of The Old Man and The SeaAbstract: As the environmental crisis increases day by day, the study on the ecological works and ecological crisis of the relationship between human beings and the nature is becoming more and more valued by people.

8、In Earnest Hemingways The Old Man and the Sea, Hemingway displays his ecological cultural consciousness about his concern on human beings living environment and his respect on the nature. The thesis tries to interpret Hemingways thoughts about the relation between human beings and the nature from th

9、e perspective of ecological literary critic and help people to abandon the human-centered value and establish correct ecological view. Keywords: The Old Man and the Sea，ecological consciousness，human beings and nature从老人与海看海明威的生态意识摘要: 近几年来，由于环境危机的日益加剧，人们对一些关于人与自然的生态作品的重视程度也越来越高。在老人与海中，海明威通过他高超的写作手法向

10、我们生动的展示了他对自然和环境的关注和尊重。本文作者试图从生态文学角度解读作品中体现的海明威对于人与自然关系的思考，从而呼吁人们摒弃以人为主的价值观树立正确的生态观念。关键词：老人与海，生态意识，人与自然318Contents AcknowledgementsAbstractI. Introduction -11.1 An Overview of Hemingways Life Story and Hemingways Works and Literary Status-11.2 Background and Style of the Old man and the Sea-21.3 The

11、Ecological Influence of the Old man and the Sea-3II. The Natural Ecology of Hemingway in the Way of Santiagos Living Conditions-32.1 The Natural Ecology of Hemingway in the Way of Santiagos Boat and House- 4 2.2 The Natural Ecology of Hemingway in the Way of Santiagos Food -4 2.3 The Natural Ecology

12、 of Hemingway in the Way of Santiagos Clothing -5III. The Natural Ecology of Hemingway in the Way of Santiagos Respect for Nature-63.1 Santiagos Respect for the Sea-63.2 Santiagos Attitude towards Fishes, Birds and Turtles-63.3 Santiagos Dependence on the Nature-7IV. Ernest Hemingways Thought about

13、Human Beings in the Old Man and the Sea-84.1 Human Beings are always eager to Gain Something from the Nature and Do Something to Show Their Ability-94.2 Nature is the Basic Place Where People and All Animals Live and Develop-104.3 Human Beings Need to Do Something to Protect the Nature-11V. Conclusi

14、on-125.1 The Influence of Hemingways Living Background on His Works-125.2 Hemingways Reverence on the Nature-12 5.3 Hemingways Appeal to Protect the Nature-13References1. IntroductionNowadays, our living environment is being increasingly destroyed by people, so people pay more attention to the ecolo

15、gical consciousness. In this case, there are numerous literary works which are related to this point appearing and The Old Man and the Sea is one of the typical works among these. This thesis will mainly interpret this work from the perspective of ecology and the author divides the thesis into three

16、 major chapters. Chapter one mainly gives importance to the analysis of Hemingways spiritual ecology from the perspective of Santiagos original living environment. In chapter two, the author lays emphasis on Hemingways natural ecology from the point view of Santiagos respect for nature, while in cha

17、pter three the author reveals that excessive human activities can cause damage to the natural environment and appeal for protection for the nature.1.1 An Overview of Hemingways Life Story and Hemingways Works and Literary StatusAs an American author and journalist, Ernest Miller Hemingway was born o

18、n July 21, 1899. He was raised inOak Park of Illinois and both of his parents, who gave top priority to Hemingways early education, were better-educated. After the high school Hemingway began to report forThe Kansas City Star, a local newspaper, for a short period before leaving for thefrontto enlis

19、t with theWorld WarI to work as a ambulance driver. Unfortunately, he was seriously wounded in 1918 and returned home later. At the same time, it should be noted that his wartime experiences helped him form the basis for his novelA Farewell to Arms. After over two decades, Hemingway published his ma

20、sterpiece The Old Man and the Sea, which gained great success at that time and also has triggered the profound thinking about the ecological environment. More importantly, his understatedwriting style had a significant impact onthe fiction of the 20th century, while his life of adventure and his tou

21、gh guy image influenced later generations deeply. Hemingway produced most of his work between the mid-1920s and the mid-1950s and won the American Pulitzer Prize in 1953 and the Nobel Prize in Literaturein 1954 because of the huge success of The Old Man and the Sea. In general, he published seven no

22、vels, six short story collections, and two non-fiction works. Also, there are some additional works of Hemingway, which were published posthumously. Most of his works are considered to be classics ofAmerican literature and have captured the interest of researchers from around the world. This is part

23、icularly the case for one of his great works The Old Man and the Sea, through which people begin to lay emphasis on the relationship between human beings and the nature.1.2 Background and Style of the Old man and the SeaHemingway is a writer who writes many ecological works and The Old Man and the S

24、ea is a typical example. He finished this work in his late lifetime and recognized it as the best work that he had written in his lifetime. In fact, the famous work derives from Hemingways life experience: In his early life, Hemingway and his good friend went to Cuba together and on their way to Cub

25、a they came across an old man and a little child who were catching a blue marlin. This everyday scene left a deep impression on him and after coming back home Hemingway wrote down the experience with his imagination into a story and entitled it as The Old Man and the Sea. This story described an old

26、 fisherman called Santiago who lived on fishing on the sea and went to the sea to catch fish for successive 84 days without catching any fish; however, he didnt lose confidence and continued to go fishing on the sea. Finally, he caught a big marlin with his desperate struggle against the fish. Never

27、theless, on his way back home the sharks coming to chase the big marlin and bit it savagely so that when Santiago went back to the port the fish was left nothing but a skeleton, although he had hit those sharks with all his strengthen exerted. The plot of this story is simple but its meaning is prof

28、ound. Through a detailed description of the battle between Santiago and the big Marlin, it actually reveals the indestructible spiritual power of human beings and also the powerfully destructive force of nature. In this work, Hemingway exerted on contemporary style and avoided complicated syntax which means that he chose to use everyday words which are appropriate and vivid. About 70 percent of the sentences in this story are written in simple sentences to simplify his type of writing. This helps to portray the character of S