陈家祠汉英导游词交流版.docx

1、陈家祠汉英导游词交流版陈家祠汉英导游词交流版The Chen Family Temple Introduction-Outside the Main Entrance-In the Front Hall-The Sage Meeting Hall-The Rear Hall and the Wang Rooms Introduction 02 The Chen Family Temple was an ancestral of the Chen families, and it is located in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province. As a Chinese

2、saying goes, “people of the same surname were in the same family 500 years ago”. In order to memorize their common ancestor, the Chen families in Guangdong Province collected money to buil it, which is also used to do some religious activities in festivals or other occasions, to show their respect t

3、o their ancestors. We also call it Chen academy, as the Chen childrens school. In 1959 it became the Guangdong Folk Art Museum, because the temple itself is a complete expression of excellent Guangdong folk arts and crafts. 03 It has an area of 15,000 square meters, the main building is 6,400 square

4、 meters. It was built in a symmetrical way along the central line (it means the structures along the central line are exactly the same). It has the traditional Chinese architectural style. The corridors connect the halls and wing-rooms with courtyards in between. Halls and courtyards are separated b

5、y screens or solid brick walls. You can sense an artistic effect of compactness and magnificence. Its structure is quite like that of the Summer Palace. 04 Another feature of the temple structure is that all the house are gable roofed, like the shape of ?, with two slopes to drain away the rainwater

6、. Its style of roof structure corresponds to that of other houses and temple buildings. The size, height and color of a house and even the style of its roof were built according to the social status of its owner or user. (Thats why, in the former imperial palaces, all the back houses for servants so

7、lders were low and gable roofed with slopes on four sides.) 05 The decoration of this temple has both the national style and Cantonese style. Different works of arts can be found everywhere, such as stone-carvings, brick-carvings, lime sculptures, ceramic figurines, wood-carvings or artistic things

8、of iron-casting. They are in the form of flowers, trees, insects and birds, animals and human figures and buildings. These beautiful things are used not only for decoration, but also stand for something, or tell the stories of Chinese history and legends. For example, the peony flower stands for ric

9、hness and wealth, the twin lotus flowers mean that a couple be together happily and has been blessed, and the lion sculpture stands for power and dignity (status, respect). Outside the Main Entrance 06 1.The Stone Lion and the Unicorn-like Animal The Stone Lions There are two stone lions in front of

10、 the temple. The one playing a ball is male and the other patting a baby lion is female. You can also see such lions in other parts of the country. They sit seriously at the main entrances of the houses of the upper class of old China, because they are a symbol of power and dignity (status or respec

11、t). 08 Unicorn-like Animal The unicorn-like animal on the roof, with a single horn on its head, is not a true animal. It is special to Guangdong Province. During the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), natural accidents usually happened in this area. At that time, man was helpless before nature. People had no

12、 choice but to believe in superstition. They looked upon natural accidents as evil spirits, so they created this animal to drive them away. 2. The Sculpture of Gourds-A symbol of a Flourishing Family The sculptures of gourds in pairs on the roof or in other places of the temple represent booming fam

13、ilies with great members. The Chen families wanted to live and grow continuously like gourds growing fast. The gourds are plants with many seeds, so they will be reproduced in great members. 3. Masterpieces of Brick-carving On the wall on either side of the main entrance is a picture carved on brick

14、s, depicting different stories from Chinese historical novels. They are regarded as representative works of beautiful Guangdong brick-carving. Guangdong brick-carving is very special (unique) in its technique of making. Different parts of a picture are carved separately on small pieces of ready-made

15、 fired bricks before they are laid onto a wall to form a whole picture, whereas those of other provinces are made by carving a whole picture on a big piece of unburned brick before it is fired and put onto the wall. So Guangdong brick-carving needs much more precision and skill and is finer (more ex

16、quisite) and is of greater artistic value Liu Qing Taming a Fierce Horse (good ) The brick-carving on the east side is a story of Liu Oing, a brave general of the Northern Song Dynasty(9601127), who succeeded in controlling a fierce horse. The horse was sent by an aggressive neighboring state. When

17、the state sent the horse, it threatened that if nobody in Songs area could control the horse, they would attack them. So Liu Qings great courage avoided a war. (1) The Heroes in Liangshan The brick-carving on the east side is a happy scene for the happy leaders getting together to celebrate their un

18、ity in their revolt against the bad officials of the Northern Song Dynasty. The story is written in a famous Chinese classical novel Shui Hu Zhuan (The Water Margin). 4. The Stone Drums The stone drums at the main entrance are a symbol of social status of the Chen family. In Qing Dynasty, people cou

19、ld place two drums in front of their house only when someone in their family had got a degree of “jinshi” or higher degree”. That is a name to successful candidates in the imperial examination. In 1893, the year before the temple was completed, a member of the Chen family, Chen Botao was awarded a t

20、itle of “tanhua”, the third place in the highest imperial examination. so these drums were built here in his honor. 麒麟玉书 正门外左边(进门方向)石鼓后墙上的石雕名为“麒麟玉书”。麒麟为中国古代传说中的一种神兽，体态像鹿，头上有角，身有鳞甲，尾像牛尾。据说麒麟与孔子同年同日生，是祥瑞的象征。在中国古代文献中，经常用麒麟隐寓圣人;所以，麒麟雕塑实为孔子的化身，其所捧的则为代表圣贤之书。此图旨在鼓励人们攻读圣贤之书，以图功名。 5. The Kylin and Its Treasu

21、red Books There is a sculpture on the wall behind the stone drum on our left. This is called Kylin and Its Treasured Books. Kylin is a Chinese mythical animal. It combines the features of several animals. Tradition says that the kylin is symbol of good luck (fortune) and was born on the same day as

22、Confucius. In Chinese classics, kylin is often connected to a great man of noble personalities, and it is a symbol of Confucius, who has been reputed as the greatest philosopher and teacher of morals for over 2000 years in China. This sculpture was made to encourage people to win honors and official

23、 positions by studying the works of Confucius. 爵禄封侯 右边石鼓后的墙上也有一幅寓意石雕，上面有雀鸟、梅花鹿、蜜蜂和猴子，隐寓爵、禄、封、侯。 6. Symbol of Nobility There is a stone carving on the right hand of the stone drum. In it there are birds, deer, bees and monkeys. That symbolize “titles of nobility” and “official salary”. 门神 大门上的人像为门神。最

24、初的门神为神荼和郁垒，是传说中能制服恶鬼卫护宅第的神。他们身披盔甲，手拿绳索，丑怪凶恶。唐代以后，门神逐渐为现实生活中的人所代替;这是唐太宗李世民所创的先例。相传，唐太宗生病时闻门外有鬼呼号，所告群臣，秦叔宝请与尉迟敬德戎装立门外以侍。太宗准奏，夜果无事，乃令画工图二人像，挂宫门左右。后世沿袭为门神以镇邪;有些地方或以小说中描述的武将为门神。(此处所画的画像为秦琼和蔚迟恭，但所持兵器与传统画像有所不同，是为民间艺人所创改。) 7. The Door Gods The pictures of two persons on the door are door-gods. It is said th

25、ey could catch ghosts and protect a house from evil spirits. They looked very strong with ropes in hands. Since the Tang Dynasty (618-907), door-gods were in fact human in real life. It is a tradition started by an emperor of Tang Dynasty. It is said that, one day, one emperor heard ghostly sounds f

26、rom outside his bedroom and he could not fall asleep. Two of his faithful generals offered to guard his bedroom at night, so the emperor slept well. Then he ordered that the pictures of the two generals be put up on the door of his bedroom and this also kept the ghosts away. Since then the two gener

27、als have been regarded as door-gods. 23 In the Front Hall The Screen Among all the works of art in the temple, the wood-carving is the most outstanding. This screen in the central hall is indeed a rare piece of wood-carving in the local province and in the whole country as well. The most important f

28、eature of the wood-carving is that most of them are carved throughout the wood,so the patterns on both sides are the same, but in the opposite direction on the back . (1) Creating great property to benefit the children forever (1班) Look at this picture. A hen and some chicks are walking leisurely lo

29、oking for food under a banana tree. The chickens here stand for the present generations of family, and the big leaves of the banana tree stand for the great wealth created by the past generations, because the Chinese words for “big leaf” and the words for “great property” have the same pronunciation

30、.The picture means that the older generations created great wealth for the younger generations; therefore, the present generations musts also work hard to create more wealth for the benefit of the future generations. (2) A Man of Grat Learning Is to Be Appointed official Position This picture has ma

31、ny things and each has its own meaning; a. 28This is called “Bagua” in Daoism. Its eight pictures (diagrams )mean eight things (phenomena) in nature (sky, earth, thunder, wind, water, tire, mountain and lake) and embody a profound theory. Here, they symbolize all of peoples knowledge. b. The wine po

32、t: In the Chinese classics, a wine pot with much or little wine means a person of great or poor learning. c. The wine cup: This is an ancient wine cup and is regarded as “title of nobility”, because the two things are meant by the same word in ancient Chinese. d. 30 The ancient coin means the money and wealth. e. The phoenix is a mythical chicken-like bird that represents good luck. f. The kylin is an animal that is compared to a person of profound knowledge. So this picture means that a man