1、全国职称英语等级考试试题理工类doc35全国职称英语等级考试试题(理工类) 第一部分阅读理解(75分) Passage1 CATVisashortwayofsayingcommunityantenna(天线)television.Butcabletelevisionisthetermmostpeopleuse.CabletelevisionallowsviewerstoreceiveTVprogramsthattheycannotpickupwiththeirregularantennas. Televisionsignalsdonotfollowthecurve(曲线)oftheearth.
2、Theytravelinstraightlinesinalldirections.SignalsfromaTVstationmovetowardthehorizon(水平线)andthengointospace.Ifyouliveonlyafewmilesfromastation,youmaynotgetanypictureatall. CATVbeganin1948.PeopleinplacesfarfromTVstationssharedthecostofputtinguphighantennas.Acommunityantennawasusuallyplacedonahill,amoun
3、tain,oronahightower.TheantennapickedupTVsignalsandfedthemintoasmalllocalstation.Fromthestation,thickwirescalledcablesranouttonearbyhomes.Eachpersonusingthecablepaidamonthlycharge. CATVworkedwell,andsoonnewuseswerefoundforit.Localstationscouldfeedprogramsintoemptychannelsthatwerenotinuse.Peoplealongt
4、hecablecouldhavelocalnews,weatherreports,andfarmandschoolnewsatnoextracharge. Today,cabletelevisionhasmovedintocities.Itbringsinextraprogramsthatcityviewerswithregularantennascannotsee.Itisalsousedinmanyclassroomsthroughoutthecountry. 1.Fromthefirstparagraphweknowthat_. A.mostpeopleusecabletelevisio
5、n B.communityantennaisanothernameforregularantenna C.acommunityantennaisusedforcabletelevision D.regularantennascannotpickupTVsignalsprograms 2.Ofthefollowing,whichisNOTthewayTVsignalstravel? A.Inacurve. B.Inastraightline. C.Inalldirection. D.Towardthehorizon. 3.CableTVisbecomingmoreandpopularbecaus
6、e_. A.itisfreeofcharge B.itcanprovidemoreprograms C.itprovidesallTVusersgoodpictures D.TVsetswithregularantennascanalsohaveagoodreceptionthroughCATV 4.Onthewhole,thispassageisabout_. A.howtoputuphighantennas B.awayofpickingupbetterTVprograms C.howtousetheemptychannelsonyourTVset D.thewaythatTVsignal
7、saresent 5.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat_. A.TVhasbeguntobeusedforeducationalpurposes B.thereisnochargeforCATV C.cableTVcannotbeusedinmountainousareas D.antennasforcableTVareusuallyputupinthecenterofacommunity Passage2 Inearliesttimes,menconsideredlightningtobeoneofthegreatmysteriesofnature.Someancie
8、ntpeoplebelievedthatlightningandthunderweretheweaponsofthegods. Inreality,lightningisaflowofelectricityformedhighabovetheearth.Asingleflashoflightning1.6kilometerslonghasenoughelectricitytolightonemillionlightbulbs. TheAmericanscientistandstatesman,BenjaminFranklin,wasthefirsttoshowtheconnectionbetw
9、eenelectricityandlightningin1752.Inthesameyearhealsobuiltthefirstlightningrod.Thisdeviceprotectsbuildingsfromdamagebylightning. Modernsciencehasdiscoveredthatonestrokeoflightingcontainsmorethan15millionvolts.Asparkbetweenacloudandtheearthmaybeaslongas13kilometers,andtravelataspeedof30millionmeterspe
10、rsecond. Scientistsestimatethatthereareabout2000millionflashesoflightningperyear.LightninghitstheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYorkCity30to48timesayear.IntheUnitedStatesalongitkillsanaverageofonepersoneveryday. Thesafestplacetobeincaseofanelectricalstormisinaclosedcar.Outside,oneshouldgotolowgroundandnotg
11、etundertrees.Also,oneshouldstayoutofwaterandawayfrommetalfences.Insideahouse,peopleshouldavoidopendoorwaysandwindowsandnottouchwiresormetalthings. Withlightning,itisbettertobesafethansorry! 6.Lightningisreally_. A.weapon B.electricity C.light D.mystery 7.Peopleoncethoughthatlightningcamefrom_. A.sci
12、entists B.ground C.lightningrod D.gods 8.Oneflashoflightningcanproduceenoughelectricityfor_bulbs. A.10,000 B.1,000 C.1,000,000 D.100 9.BenjaminFranklin_. A.madethefirstlightningrod B.inventedelectricity C.builttheEmpireStateBuilding D.preventedLightningfromhittingcars 10._isthebestplacetobeduringane
13、lectricalstorm. A.Swimmingpool B.ahighground C.Underatree D.Acar Passage3 Becauseoftheenergycrisis,scientistsintheoil-consumingnationshavebecomeincreasinglyinterestedinthepotential(潜在的)ofsolarenergy.Someexpertsestimatethatthepresentsupplyoffossil(化石)fuelwillnotlastuntiltheendofthetwentiethcentury.Th
14、eproblemthatsolarenergyresearchersfaceishowtoharness(利用)thesunsenergyeffectivelyandinexpensively.Oneofthemostpopularmethodscurrentlybeingtestedusesrooftopsolarcollectorsandundergroundstoragetanks.Anadvantageofaproperlyworkingsystemofthistypeisthatitwillnotcreateanyenvironmentalpollution.Anotheradvan
15、tageofusingsolarenergyisthatthecostofthefuel-thesunsrays-iszero.Whenasolarheatingsystemisworkingatmaximum(最大的)efficiency,itcanprovideupto80percentofwinterheatingneeds. 11.Themaintopicofthispassageis_. A.theshortageoffossilfuel B.theproblemsthatenergyresearchersface C.anenvironmentalpollutionproblem
16、D.aninexpensiveenergysource 12.Onepopularsolarheatingsystemmakesuseof_. A.roofcollectorsandundergroundstorage B.fossilfuelconversion C.undergroundoiltanks D.watercollectionandevaporation 13.Thecostofusingthesunsraysforheatingis_. A.aboutthesameasthecostoffossilfuels B.severalhundreddollarsperyear C.
17、negligiblecomparedwithotherenergysources D.determinedbytheseverityofthewinter 14.Whichofthefollowingdescribesanadvantageofusingsolarenergy? A.Thereislittleornoenvironmentalpollution. B.Alargepercentageoffuelcostscanbesaved. C.Fossilfuelswillbecomemoreplentiful. D.Theoil-consumingnationswillnothaveto
18、importoil. 15.Accordingtosomeexperts,thesupplyoffossilfuelwillnotlast_. A.onemorecentury B.anindeterminabletime C.untiltheendofthiscentury D.indefinitely 第二部分完成句子(25分) 根据短文内容完成句子,每个空格只能填一个单词。有的单词第一个字母已经给出,请将其余字母补全。 Notlongago,anairplanewasflyingoverNewZealand.Therewasatelevisioncameracrewonboard.Sud
19、denly,outinthenightsky,abrightsphere(球体)cameintoview.Everyoneonboardsawitandeveryonethough,UFO-UnidentifiedFlyingObject.Thecameracrewwentintoactionandstartedfilming.Thatweekpeopleallovertheworldsawthefilmofthismysteriouslightontheirtelevisionscreens.Whatwasit?Wasitaspaceshipfullofvisitorsfromanother
20、planet?Thecaptainoftheaeroplaneandthefilmcrewbelieveditwas.Otherobservershadmanydifferentexplanations.SomesaiditwasVenus(金星).Otherssaiditwasjustatrickoflight. Anairtrafficcontrolleralsosawitonhisradarscreen.HethoughtthataflockofbirdswascausingdotsonhisradarscreenwhentheUFOappeared. Mostastronomersno
21、wbelievethatwhatthesepeoplesawwasalmostcertainlytheplanetVenus.Atthattimeofyearitisverybrightandeasytosee.Andfromamovingaeroplaneitcanappeartobemovingfast.SofarthereisnoproofthatUFOsorspaceshipsfromotherplanetsdoexist.TheseyearsinvestigatorsofUFOshaveinvestigatedthousandsofsighting-oroccasionswhenpe
22、oplesaidtheysawaUFO.Ninetypercentoftheseturnedouttohaveasimpleexplanation. However,itsgoodideatokeepanopenmind.ScientistsinsomecountriesaretryingtopersuadetheirgovernmentstohelpthemstudyUFOs.Andtheyareplanningtocooperateinter-nationallyonreportingandinvestigatingsightingsofUFOs. Afterall,itisquitepo
23、ssiblethatthereislifeoutthereintheuniverse.Andifsomethingisalive,itisquitepossiblethatitwillcometovisitus. 16.ThecaptainandthecameracrewbelievedthatUFOwasavspaceshipfromanotherplanet. 17.ManyobelievedthattheUFOwasVenus. 18.SofarthereisnoproofthatUFOsarespfromouterspace. 19.Somescientistsintheworldar
24、eplanningtodosomeronUFOs. 20.Plifeintheuniversemaytrytomakeavisittous. 第三部分阅读理解(80分) Passage1 Inrecentyears,scientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentshavedrasticallychangedhumanlifeonourplanet,aswellasourviewsbothofourselvesasindividualsinsocietyandoftheuniverseasawhole.Maybeoneofthemostprofounddevelopm
25、entsofthelastdecadeisthediscoveryofrecombinantDNAtechnology,whichallowsscientiststointroducegenetic(遗传学的)material(orgenes)fromoneorganismintoanother.Initssimplestform,thetechnologyrequirestheisolationofapieceofDNA,eitherdirectlyfromtheDNAoftheorganismunderstudy,orartificiallysynthesizedfromanDNA.Thi
26、spieceofDNAisthenligated(结扎)toafragmentofbacterialDNAwhichhasthecapacitytoreplicate(复制)itselfindependently.Therecombinantmoleculethusproducedcanbeintroducedintothecommonintestinal(内部的)bacteriumEscherishchiacoli,whichcanbegrowninverylargeamountsinsyntheticmedia.Underproperconditions,theforeigngenewillnotonlyreplicateinthebacteria,butalsoexpressitself,throughtheprocessoftranscriptionandtranslation,togiverisetolargeamountsofthespecificproteincodedby
copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有
经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1