六级真题含听力及核心词汇19911995年六级真题 汉魅.docx

1、六级真题含听力及核心词汇19911995年六级真题 汉魅六级全真题1990年1月六级试题 Section AQuestions 21 to 24 are based on the following passage: Automation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human factors, mental and physical, in production, and is designed

2、to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American industry has been called the Second Industrial Revolution. Labours concern over automation arises from uncertainty about the effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the

3、main, labour has taken the view that resistance to technical change is unfruitful. Eventually, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. The interest of

4、 labour lies in bringing about the transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more l

5、eisure, and improved living standards. To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefit plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a d

6、irect financial interest in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible problems in jobs and job assignment. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently dismissed workers be paid a sum of m

7、oney based on length of service. Another approach is the idea of the improvement factor, which calls for wage increases based on increases in productivity. It is possible, however, that labour will rely mainly on reduction in working time.21. Though labour worries about the effect of automation, it

8、does not doubt that _.(A) automation will eventually prevent unemployment(B) Automation will help workers acquire new skills(C) Automation will eventually benefit the workers no less that the employers(D) Automation is a trend which cannot be stopped22. The idea of the improvement factor (Line 6, Pa

9、ra. 3) probably implies that _.(A) wages should be paid on the basis of length of service(B) the benefit of increased production and lower costs should be shared by workers(C) supplementary unemployment benefit plans should be promoted(D) the transition to automation should be brought about with the

10、 minimum of inconvenience and distress to workers23. In order to get the full benefits of automation, labour will depend mostly on _.(A) additional payment to the permanently dismissed workers(B) the increase of wages in proportion to the increase in productivity(C) shorter working hours and more le

11、isure time(D) a strong drive for planning new installations24. Which of the following can best sum up the passage?(A) Advantages and disadvantages of automation.(B) Labour and the effects of automation. (C) Unemployment benefit plans and automation.(D) Social benefits of automation.Questions 25 to 3

12、0 are based on the following passage:The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become better people, and learn to be mor

13、e responsible citizens than those who dont go.But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who dont fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and drivi

14、ng taxis; college students interfere with each others experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Others find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out-often encouraged by college administrators.Some observers say the fault!

15、Is with the young people themselves-they are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But thats a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesnt explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. Weve been told that young people have to go to college

16、 because our economy cant absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either. Some adventuresome educators and campus watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the be

17、st, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesnt make people intelligent, ambitiou

18、s, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy (异端邪说) to those of us who have been brought up to

19、believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.25. According to the passage, the author believes that _.(A) people used to question the value of college education(B) people used to have full confidence in higher education(C) all

20、 high school graduates went to college(D) very few high school graduates chose to go to college26. In the 2nd paragraph, those who dont fit the pattern refers to _.(A) high school graduates who arent suitable for college education(B) college graduates who are selling shoes and driving taxis(C) colle

21、ge students who arent any better for their higher education(D) high school graduates who failed to be admitted to college27. The drop-out rate of college students seems to go up because _.(A) young people are disappointed with the conventional way of teaching at college(B) many young people are requ

22、ired to join the army(C) young people have little motivation in pursuing a higher education(D) young people dont like the intense competition for admission to graduate school28. According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact that _.(A) society cannot provide en

23、ough jobs for properly trained college graduates(B) high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education(C) too many students have to earn their own living(D) college administrators encourage students to drop out29. In this passage the author argues that _.(A) more and more evidence sho

24、ws college education may not be the best thing for high school graduates(B) college education is not enough if one wants to be successful(C) college education benefits only the intelligent, ambitious, and quick-learning people(D) intelligent people may learn quicker if they dont go to college30. The

25、 surveys and statistics mentioned in the last paragraph might have shown that _.(A) college-educated people are more successful than non-college-educated people(B) college education was not the first choice of intelligent people(C) the less schooling a person has the better it is for him(D) most peo

26、ple have sweet memories of college lifeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage: Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i.e. , worked for somebody else. Today only one out of five is not employed but w

27、orking for himself. And when fifty years ago being employed meant working as a factory labourer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills. Ind

28、eed, two things have characterized American society during these fifty years: middle-class and upper-class employees have been the fastest-growing groups in our working population-growing so fast that the industrial worker, that oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical

29、 importance despite the expansion of industrial production. Yet you will find little if anything written on what it is to be an employee. You can find a great deal of very dubious advice on how to get a job or how to get a promotion. You can also find a good deal of work in a chosen field, whether i

30、t be the mechanists trade or bookkeeping (簿记). Every one of these trades requires different skills, sets different standards, and requires a different preparation. Yet they all have employeeship in common. And increasingly, especially in the large business or in government, employeeship is more impo

31、rtant to success than the special professional knowledge or skill. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade; the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or

32、 executive work, the greater the emphasis on ability to work within the organization rather than on technical abilities or professional knowledge.31. It is implied that fifty years ago _.(A) eighty per cent of American working people were employed in factories(B) twenty per cent of American intellectuals were employees(C) the percentage of intellectuals in the total work force was almost the same as that of industrial workers(D) the percentage of intellectuals working as employees was