英美文学知识点总结(适用于英语专八).docx

1、Old English Literature 古英语文学（450-1066 年）Beowulf （贝奥武甫）-The first English national epic中世纪英语文学（1066-1500）Geoffrey Chaucer ( 乔 叟 ，c. 13431400) was an English poet. He is remembered for his The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集, called the father of English literature英国文学之父 William Langland( 朗格兰，1330?-1400?),the

2、 author of the 14th-century English long narrative poem Piers Plowman农夫皮尔斯.文艺复兴（16-17 世纪）William Shakespeare (莎士比亚，1564-1616),English poet and playwright, his surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems Venus and Adonis 维拉斯和阿多尼斯The Rape of Lucrece.鲁克丽丝受辱记Shakespeares g

3、reatest works:greatest tragedies are King Lear 李尔王,Macbeth麦克白,Hamlet哈姆雷特, Othello奥赛罗,Romeo and Juliet 罗密欧与朱丽叶great comedies: A Midsummer Nights Dream仲夏夜之梦,As You Like It皆大欢喜,The Merchant of Venice 威尼斯商人, Twelfth Night 第十二夜great historical plays: Richard III 理查三世 ,Henry IV 亨利四世, Henry V 亨利五世, Henry V

4、II 亨利八世John Milton ( 弥尔顿 , 1608-1674)was an English poet and civil servant for theCommonwealth of England. He is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost 失乐园, Paradise Regained复乐园 Samson 力士参孙.18 世纪文学和新古典主义Alexander Pope (浦柏,1688-1744 )is generally regarded as the greatest English poet of the eight

5、eenth century, best known for his satirical epigram 讽刺隽语and heroic couplet 英雄双韵体.His major works include mock epic satirical poem An Essay on Man人论and An Essay on Criticism 论批评Daniel Defoe ( 笛福，16601731) was an English writer who gained enduring fame for hisnovel Robinson Crusoe鲁滨逊漂流记, spokesman for

6、 middle-class peopleHenry Fielding (菲尔丁, 1707 -1754) ，an English novelist known for his novel:The History of Tom Jones.Jonathan Swift (斯威夫特,1667-1745), was an Anglo-Irish novelist, satirist. He is remembered for novel such as Gullivers Travels格列佛游记.Richard Sheridan ( 谢立丹，17511816), Irish playwright

7、,known for his satirical play School of Scandal(造谣学校). He was a represntative writer of Comedies of Manners.Laurence Sterne ( 斯 特 恩 ,17131768 ), an English novelist. He is best known for his novel Tristram Shandy （商第传）.Oliver Goldsmith （哥尔德斯密斯，1728-1774）English novelist, known for his novel Vicar of

8、Wakefield (威克菲尔德牧师传记)Thomas Gray (托马斯格雷 17161771 )，an English poet, author of Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard（墓畔哀歌）, writer of sentimentalism感伤派.浪漫主义（18 世纪末 19 世纪初）William Blake (1757 1827) was an English poet, best known for his poetical collections of Song of Innocence 天真之歌and Song of Experi

9、ence经验之歌.William Wordsworth (1770-1850),a major English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their 1798 joint publication, Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集.Wordsworthsmagnum opus is generally considered to be The Prelude序曲.Samuel Taylor Coler

10、idge(柯勒律治, 1772 1834) was an English poet who was, along with hisfriend William Wordsworth, one of the founders of the Romantic Movement in England and one of the Lake Poets. He is probably best known for his poems The Rime of the Ancient Marine r 古舟子颂 and Kubla Khan忽必烈汗George Gordon Byron (拜伦，17881

11、824 ) was a English poet and a leading figure in Romanticism.Amongst Byrons best-known works are his narrative poems Childe Harolds Pilgrimage 哈罗尔德游记and Don Juan唐璜Percy Bysshe Shelley (17921822) was one of the major English Romantic poets and is widely considered to be among the finest lyric poets i

12、n the English language. He is perhaps most famous for Ode to the West Wind西风颂, To a Skylark致云雀, Prometheus Unbound解放了的普罗米修斯.Mary Shelley (玛丽 雪莱 1797 1851)was a British novelist best known for her Gothic novelFrankenstein 弗兰肯斯坦, considered as first science fictionJohn Keats ( 济 慈 , 17951821)was an En

13、glish poet who became one of the principal poets of the English Romantic movement. His masterpieces such as Ode on a Grecian Urn希腊古瓮颂and Ode to a Nightingale夜莺颂浪漫主义时期小说家Jane Austen (17751817) , was an English novelist. Her major novels include Sense and Sensibility (理智与情感), Pride and Prejudice (傲慢与偏

14、见), Emma (爱玛).Walter Scott (司各特, 1771-1832),a prolific Scottish historical novelist . His major works isIvanhoe艾凡赫Realism 现实主义时期 （Victorian Age 维多利亚时期 1837-1901）Bronte sisters 勃朗宁姐妹, Charlotte (夏洛蒂, 1816 1855), Emily ( 艾米丽, 1818 1848) and Anne(安妮, 1820 1849), were English writers of the 1840s and 18

15、50s. Charlottes Jane Eyre简爱, Emilys Wuthering Heights 呼啸山庄 and Annes Agnes Grey艾格妮斯格雷are masterpieces of English literature.George Elliot (乔治-爱略特，18191880 ) was an English novelist. She was one of the leading writers of the Victorian era. Her novels, largely set in provincial England. Her major novelsinclude:The Mill on the Floss佛洛斯河上的磨坊 Middlemarch米德尔玛契.Charles Dickens (18121870)：one of the most popular English novelists of the Victorian era. His major novels include: A Tale of Two Cities 双城记,Oliver Twist 奥利弗退斯特,David Copperfield 大卫科波菲尔德, Great Exp