英语语法总结及习题.docx

1、英语语法总结及习题英语语法知识汇总目录：一 名词二 动词 -行为动词 、be动词、情态动词三 形容词四 数量词五 代词六 冠词七 一般疑问句八 特殊疑问句九 时态一：一般现在时十 时态二：现在进行时十一 时态三：一般将来时十二 时态四：一般过去时十三 there be句型十四 感叹句一、词类：动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下方法：先用“一（量词）”（如：一个、一张等）和这个词连起来说，如说得通，一般认为是名词；说不通再用“很”去判断，就是把“很”和为个词连起来说，说得通一般就是形容词；都说不通就是动词。（目前我们学过的，以后可能不同）（另外一些很明显的，如人称代词、数词

2、、情态动词等一下就可以知道）一名词表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。判断的关键词往往是be动词，be动词如果是am、is或was，名词就用原形；be动词如果是are或were，名词就要用复数。这里强调两点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was；最好不要根据some、any、alotof等词去作判断，以免受误导。如何加后缀：a一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-bedsb以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watchesc以“辅音字母+y”结

3、尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberriesd以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knivese不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese判断步骤：如是am、is或was原形读句子读该单词认识该单词理

4、解意思看be动词 如是are或were加复数。名词练习（一）名词变复数1.name_2.bird_3.boy_4.girl_ 5.afternoon_6.panda_7.window_8.door_9.desk_ 10.chair_11.dog_12.cat_13.this_14.teacher_15.school_16.classroom_17.child_18.bag_ 19.schoolbag_20.book_21.pen_ 22.pencil_23.ruler_24.eraser_25.pencil case_26.crayon_ 27.kite_28.monkey_29.monste

5、r_30.house_31.box_32.ball_33.birthday_34.father_35.mother_36.friend_37.car_38.sister_39.brother_40.doctor_41.nurse_42.driver_43.policeman_44.pupil_45.hat_ 46.toy_ 47.bed_48.bear_49.fish_50.tree_51.head_52.nose_53.face_54.ear_55.mouth_56.eye_57.body_58.leg_59.hand_60.foot_61.baby_62.cow_63.pig_64.far

6、m_65.duck_64.chick_65.egg_66.snake_67.elephant _68.zoo_69.giraffe_70.tiger_71.horse_72.animal_73.table_74.shirt_75.shoe_ 76.sock_77.football_78.basketball_79.lion_ 80.sport_81.meatball_82.idea_83.song_84.team_85.meat_86.rice_87.child_88.ginger_89.onion_90.ice cream_91.banana_92.apple_93.milk_94.oran

7、ge_95.fruit_96.mlikshake_97.tomato_98.T-shirt_99.dress_100.party_101.poster_102.home_103.moon_104.sky_105.city_106.train_107.bus_108.bike_109.holiday_110.ship_111.plane_112.weekend_113.piano_114.drum_115.jacket_116.sweater_117.glove_118.present_119.hair_120.dumpling_121.firecracker_122.knife_123.for

8、k_124.hamburger_125.grass_126.food_127.cake_128.water_129.boat_130.lake_131.bread_132.winner_133.koala_134.shop_135.library_136.pear_137.peach_138.test_139.class_140.umbrella_141.river_142.clock_143.phone_144.writer_145.floor_146.vegetable_147.paper_148.bicycle_149.mouse_150.trip_151.minute_152.moun

9、tain_153.candy_154.plant_155.ice_156.gold_157.paintbrush_158.leaf_159.woman_160.machine_161.potato_162.duck_163.wolf_164.sheep_165.village_166.filed_167.lie_168.concert_169.message_170.report_171.planet_172.ring_173.country_174.cousin_175.capital_176.map_177.language_178.postcard_179.restaurant_180.

10、bench_181.playground_182.festvial_183.mask_184.neighbour_185.chocolate_186.story_187.invitation_186.worker_187.point_188.fan_189.presenter_190.fire_191.firefighter_192.line_193.rule_ 194.colour_ 195.that_ 196.film_197.doll_ 198.key_ 199.cup_200.flute_201.watermelon_ 202.knee_203.finger_204.medicine_

11、205.exercise_206.juice_207.toilet_ 208.hero_常复数shorts glasses chopsticks chips sweets sunglasses trousers clothes （二）单词补写1.I make the w_(世界) beautiful.2.After a moment she opens her eyes and looks out of the w_(窗户).3.Sixty m_ make an hour.4.The c_of China is Beijing.5.There are four s_in a year.6.Ar

12、e there many pupils in the park on C_ Day?7.Thanksgiving Day is an A_ festival.8.Nancy is going to play the p_ at concert.9.Do you like swimming in s_?10.One of the boys is flying a k_ now.（三）选出不同类的单词（ ）1. A. pencil B. bike C. bus D. car( ) 2. A. nose B. face C. pig D. leg( ) 3. A. pen B. ruler C. s

13、chool D. eraser( ) 4. A. monkey B. mouse C. flower D. horse ( ) 5. A. apple B. carrot C. pear D. grape ( ) 6. A. door B. teacher C. student D. driver ( ) 7. A. cake B. rice C. bed D. egg ( ) 8. A. today B. together C. tomorrow D. tonight ( ) 9. A. hospital B. magazine C. cinema D. bookstore ( ) 10.

14、A. driver B. sing C. write D. teach (四) 用所给词的适当形式填空1. There are some_(stamp) from Canada.2. The shoes are on your_(foot).3. They are picking up_(leaf).4. He _(teach) English. He is a _(teach).5. Where are the_(child)?6. Some _(meat) is on the table.7. I need my volleyball. Its on the _(floor).8. Sus

15、ans _(notebook) are very nice.9. How many _(library) are there in your school?10.How many _(thief) did you see yesterday？11.Jims parents are doctors. My parents are_(farm).12.How many_(woman teacher) are there in your school?(五)改错1. Which seasons do you like best？ _2.The leaf fall down in the fall.

16、_ 3.I dont like grape. Theyre sour. _4.When is Johns mother birthday? _5.They are in different class. _（六）句型转换1.This is my friend(改为复数句)_2.Those are his strawberries.(改为单数句)_3.Are these your books?(肯定和否定回答)_4.Id like some milk.(划线提问)_5.The girl is my sister. She is in blue(合成一句)_(七)单项选择1、I am going

17、to play_guitar. A . the B. a C. an D./2、I like all_shapes. A. a B. an C. the D./3. This is our _.We have English classes here.A. home B.window C.classroom D.classrooms4.Im very hungry. I want to have some_.A. tea B.milk C.water D.noodles5.I like _,because its cool and I can fly kites.A. spring B.sum

18、mer C.winter D. autumn6.What are you going to do tomorrow?- Im going to buy _ in the bookstore.A. some apples B.some books C.a pair of shoes D. some milk7.Are there _eggs in the fridge?Yes, there are_。A. some; any B. any; some C.some ; some D,any;any8.How many_ are there in your school? - There are

19、12. A. class B. classes C. library D. reading room9.In _ ,the weather is cool. A. winter B. summer C. fall D. spring10.Does Jim have_brothers_sister? A. some; and B. any; and C. some; or D.any ;or11.Have you got _Japanese stamps? A. a B. any C. some D. an12. Usually I go home on_.A. car B. foot C. p

20、lane D. bus13. What _ do you like? -Badminton.A. fruit B. sport C. colour D. plant 14. I have _at home. A. a breakfast B. breakfasts C. breakfast D. an breakfast 15.How many _ are there in your family. A. boys B. boy C. girl D. the boy二动词这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称，其中包括行为动词（就是我们平时总说的那种动词）、be动词、情态动词。（1）行为动词就是我们平

21、时上课时说的动词，表示某一动作或行为。如：sweep、live、run、go等。行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式：原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，具体判断方法如下：读句子读该单词认识该单词理解意思看有无be动词；有，就加ing（若是begoingto就用原形）没有，再看情态动词；有，就用原形；没有，再看有无表示过去的时间状语；有，就加ed；如果是第三人称单数就加s或es；没有，再看主语，不是第三人称单数就用原形。以下为几种词形的变化（一）第三人称单数的变法动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同，请认真观察。1)、大多数动词在词尾加“S”。如：stopstops s

22、; makemakes s readreads z ; playplays z2)、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es” 如： flyflies z； carrycarries z studystudies z; worryworries3)、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”， 如： teachteaches iz; watchwatches iz4)、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，如： gogoes z dodoes z（二）现在分词动词加ing的变化规则 1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting 3假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping（三）过去式变化规则： 1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：work_-worked,cook-cooked2结尾是e加d，如：live_lived 3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4以“辅音字母y