届高考二轮查漏补缺之英语题型专练4阅读理解科技类.docx

1、届高考二轮查漏补缺之英语题型专练4阅读理解科技类1、 An experimental clean-up device called RemoveDEBRIS has successfully cast a net around a dummy(仿真的) satellite, simulating a technique that could one clay collect spaceborne garbage. The test, which was carried out this week, is widely believed to be the first successful de

2、monstration of space clean-up technology, experts told CNN. And it symbolizes an early step toward solving what has already been a critical issue: junk in space. Millions of pieces of space junk are turning around in orbit, the result of 50 years of space travel and few regulations to keep space cle

3、an. At orbital speeds, even a small bit of paint crashing with a satellite can cause critical(严重的) damage. Various companies have plans to send thousands of new satellites into low-Earth orbit, already the most crowded area. The RemoveDEBRIS experiment is run by a company and researchers led by the

4、U. K.s Surrey Space Centre and includes Airbus, Airbus-owned SurreySatellite Technology Ltd. and Fiances ArianeGroup. Guglielmo Aglietti, director of the Surrey Space Centre, said that an operational version of the RemoveDEBRIS technology would cast a net that remains fastened to the main satellite

5、so the debris(碎片) can be dragged out of orbits. It could target large pieces of junk, includingdead satellites up to 10 meters long. The RemoveDEBRIS satellite will conduct a few more experiments in the coining months, including testing navigation features that could help guide the satellite to a sp

6、ecific piece of debris. There are still enormous barriers to clear before operational clean-up tasks are underway, he said, and the most discouraging is figuring out how to fund such projects. Aglietti, the Surrey professor who helped lead the RemoveDEBRIS project, said, The challenge will lie in pe

7、rsuading the relevant authorities to sponsor these tasks. Aglietti said he hopes RemoveDEBRIS will conduct a few clean-up tasks per year, targeting the largest pieces of junk in the most crowded orbits.1.What is the use of the RemoveDEBRIS satellite?A.Disposing of space wastes. B.Demonstrating space

8、 technology.C.Imitating a developing technique. D.Solving serious junk problems.2.How does the RemoveDEBRIS satellite work?A.By throwing a net to take the junk from orbits.B.By fastening it to the main satellite tightly.C.By dragging satellites up to 10 meters long.D.By targeting large pieces of jun

9、k carefully.3.What does the underlined word “sponsor” in the last paragraph probably mean?A.Accomplish. B.Support. C.Oppose. D.Provide.4.Whats the best title for the text?A.A Critical Issue: Junk in SpaceB.How RemoveDEBRIS Is DevelopedC.Why the RemoveDEBRIS Satellite Is InventedD.RemoveDEBRIS Collec

10、ts Space Junk for the First Time2、Changing technology stimulates (刺激) the brain and increases intelligence. But that may only be true if the technology challenges us. In a world run by intelligent machines, our lives could get a lot simpler. Would that make us less intelligent?After the Industrial R

11、evolution, machines began to replace manual workers. The process played out in agriculture as well as manufacturing so that groups of agricultural workers were replaced and forced to move to cities to make a living.When machines took away much of the manual work, people became less physically active

12、 and gained weight. The sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle contributed to a worldwide spreading of overweight and related metabolic disorders such as heart disease, secondary diabetes and kidney disease .As our bodies rested, our brains were forced to work harder, however. It is much more difficult to drive

13、through an overcrowded modern city than it is to move around in a small rural village, for instance. Modern jobs are also more complex and urgent and they require more education because employees need to process new information quickly. Even during our leisure time, our brains work harder due to gre

14、ater availability of books and explosion of audiovisual media, for entertainment, study, music, news, and so forth.Now in the Internet age, the amount of information grows fast along with the advance of electronic technologies. The number of people with whom we interact electronically grows by leaps

15、 and bounds thanks to the ease of use of social media like Facebook and Twitter.All of this extra work for our brains makes us more intelligent. That helps explain why human intelligence increases steadily from generation to generation in all developed countries, a phenomenon named the Flynn Effect.

16、 Of course, there are other reasons, including improved nutrition, better medical practices that reduce brain damage, and improved sanitation and public health that reduce diseases of childhood.In the P.G Wodehouse novels, Bertie Wooster got away with being a fool because Jeeves was there to back hi

17、m up with superior brain power. Similarly, people of the future are at risk of being less intelligent because machines will do their thinking for them.Artificial intelligence is taking over many human jobs. For instance, planes are being flown much of the time by automatic pilots. Moreover, the comp

18、lex problem of controlling air traffic around large modern airports is also achieved by artificial intelligence that operates well beyond the capability of mere human air traffic controllers.Artificial intelligence exists in many fields of modern life for the simple reason that intelligent machines

19、can already outperform humans, including some aptitudes (天资) which were once thought to be a human advantage, such as playing chess or recalling details in a game of Jeopardy.Machine intelligence is increasing much faster than human intelligence. As machines get smarter, they will do more of our thi

20、nking for us and make life easier.Instead of struggling to identify ourselves to some electronic system via passwords that are secure only if they are hard to remember, the system will work harder to identify us using biometrics (生物测定学) such as fingerprints or even the individual sound of our hearts

21、. More technologies of the future may also be voice-activated so that we will talk with machines much as we would talk to a friend.In the future, the electronic assistant will develop to the point where it serves similar functions as a real living chief male servant of a house, fulfilling requests s

22、uch as: “Organize a dinner party for six on Thursday, Jeeves, and invite the usual guests .”At that point, our long struggle with challenging technologies is at an end. Like Bertie Wooster, we can take it easy knowing that the hard work of planning and organizing is being done by a better brainthe e

23、lectronic assistant. Starved of mental effort, our brains will return to an earlier or less advanced form.The future is still in the fog.1.According to the author, the Industrial Revolution led to _.A.the development of education B.the spread of diseases in the worldC.a lifestyle of being physically

24、 active D.peoples physical and mental problems2.The Flynn Effect refers to the phenomenon that _.A.extra work can stimulate our brainB.humans are becoming smarter and smarterC.the change in human intelligence is steadyD.people in developed countries have higher intelligence3.The writer gave the exam

25、ple of Bertie Wooster to tell us _.A.the possibility of humans becoming less intelligentB.the risk of machines destroying the worldC.the end of challenges people face in lifeD.the powerful functions of technologies4.Why is artificial intelligence popular in our life?A.It can improve and update itsel

26、f. B.It can take advantage of humans.C.It can do much better than humans. D.It can deal with abstract information.5.We can infer from the passage that electronic systems _.A.will make trouble in our daily lifeB.will function as the master of humansC.will become more user-friendly in the futureD.will

27、 be deserted because of their inconvenience6.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.The future is bright due to artificial intelligence.B.Will machines replace manual workers?C.Humans will develop electronic assistants. D.Can artificial intelligence make us stupid?3、 Have you eve

28、r noticed that after about 6 months your perfectly new 1,000 dollar smartphone begins to slow down? What if I told you that its a sales strategy that pretty much all phone companies use to force people into buying new phones? In late 2015, when Lisa Young was in charge of iOS security and beta softw

29、are testing teams, her boss revealed a dark secret to her, saying that they were using a new strategy that would purposely slow down older phones every time the phone would upgrade to the latest operating system. This new method would force customers to buy the latest phone model, increasing sales b

30、y 70%. She was a little disturbed to hear the news, but she just kept her head down and continued to do her job. After a while, the guilt of being involved with such a shady sales model started to weigh heavily on her. How could a multi-billion dollar corporation continue to take advantage of the pu

31、blic like this? she thought. In March of 2017, she contacted a reporter from CNN to finally leak the information concerning Apple slowing down phones. The scandal (丑闻) went viral overnight, and every media outlet in the world, in every language was talking about it, making it one of the biggest cont

32、roversies in consumer electronics history. A week later, she was secretly let go after her 8 years of service. Although she was taking a huge risk going against one of the most powerful corporations in the world, she felt a sense of relief exposing it. The public deserved to know and the fear became her motivation to find a way to destroy their shady sales model. Several of her colleagues were fired with her. They quietly united, and after a year of extensive research they designed a u