高中英语阅读理解1.docx

1、高中英语阅读理解1一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Most adults find it hard to recall events from their first few years of life and now scientists have found exactly when these childhood memories fade(消失). A new study has found that most three-year-olds can recall a lot of what happened to them over a year earlier, and these

2、 memories persist while they are five and six, but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly. Most children by the age of eight or nine can only recall 35% of their experiences from under the age of three, according to the new findings. The scientists behind the research sa

3、y this is because at around this age the way we form memories begins to change. They say that before the age of seven children do not have a sense of time and place in their memories. In older children, however, the early events they can recall tend to be more adult-like in the way they are formed.

4、Children also have a far faster rate of forgetting than adults. The findings also help to explain why children can often have clear memories of events but then forget them just a couple of years later. The youngsters first visited the laboratory at the age of three and discussed six unique events fr

5、om their past, such as family outings, trips to the zoo, and the first day of school. The children then returned for a second session between the ages of five and nine to discuss the same events. The researchers found that between the ages of five and seven, the amount of memories the children could

6、 recall remained between 63 -72 percent. However, the amount of information eight-to nine-year-old children could recall dropped to 35 and 36 percent.（1）What does the new study tell us? A.Childhood memories decline with years.B.Three-year-old kids are the cleverest.C.Childhood memories can fade easi

7、ly.D.Some adults cannot recall past events.（2）What does the underlined word persist in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Change.B.Remain.C.Appear.D.Return.（3）What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A.Adults cannot have clear memories of past events.B.Children can think like adults when they get older.C.Children under

8、 7 years old have different ways of forming memories.D.Children often forget things because they have no idea of time or place.（4）In the second session, nine-year-old children _. A.refused to discuss the same eventsB.remembered all their family outingsC.could recall 72 percent of their past eventsD.

9、only remembered a small part of their past events【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了记忆消失的一些知识。大多数三岁的孩子都能回忆起一年前发生在他们身上的许多事情，这些记忆在五岁和六岁时依然存在，但到七岁以上时，这些记忆会迅速衰退。在七岁之前，孩子们在记忆中没有时间感和位置感。在5到7岁之间，孩子们能回忆起的记忆量保持在63%到72%之间。然而，8至9岁儿童能够回忆起的信息量下降到35%和36%。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段“A new study has found that most thr

10、ee-year-olds can recall a lot of what happened to them over a year earlier, and these memories persist while they are five and six, but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly.”一项新的研究发现，大多数三岁的孩子都能回忆起一年前发生在他们身上的许多事情，这些记忆在他们五岁和六岁时仍然存在，但当他们超过七岁时，这些记忆迅速衰退。可知新研究告诉了我们童年时的记忆随年龄而

11、衰退。 故选A。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly.”到七岁以上时，这些记忆会迅速衰退，可知这些记忆在五岁和六岁时依然存在，故划线单词persist的意思是：存在，保留。故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“They say that before the age of seven children do not have a sense of time and place in their memories.”他们说在七岁之前，孩子们在记忆

12、中没有时间感和位置感。可知孩子们经常忘记事情，因为他们没有时间感位置感，故选D。 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ However, the amount of information eight-to nine-year-old children could recall dropped to 35 and 36 percent.”然而，8至9岁儿童能够回忆起的信息量下降到35%和36%。可知在第二阶段，九岁的孩子只记得他们过去的一小部分事情。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，

13、进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 The negative (负面的) health effects of sleep shortages during the week cant be changed by marathon weekend sleep sessions, according to a new study. Researchers have long known that routine sleep deprivation (缺乏) can cause weight gain and increase other health risks, including d

14、iabetes. But there are still some people who hope that shutting off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects. The research, published in Current Biology, ruins those hopes. Despite complete freedom to sleep in and nap during a weekend recovery peri

15、od, participants in a sleep laboratory who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced metabolic disruption (代谢紊乱) that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term. While weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a sing

16、le week of inadequate sleep, those gains were wiped out when people returned right to their same sleep schedule the next Monday. If there are benefits of catch-up sleep, theyre gone when you go back to your routine. Its very short-lived, said Kenneth Wright, who led the research. These health effect

17、s are long-term. Its kind of like smoking once was people would smoke and wouldnt see an immediate effect on their health, but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice. I think sleep is in the early stage of where smoking used to be. Wright said that the study suggests peop

18、le should prioritize sleep cutting out the optional sleep stealers such as watching television shows or spending time on electronic equipment. Even when people dont have a choice about losing sleep due to child-care responsibilities or job schedules, they should think about prioritizing sleep in the

19、 same way they would think about a healthy diet or exercise.（1）What had the researchers already known before doing the new research? A.The actual benefits of weekend recovery sleep.B.Harm to health caused by the lack of routine sleep.C.Peoples habit of shutting off the alarm during holidays.D.The re

20、lationship between body weight and sleep amount.（2）Kenneth Wright mentioned smoking to _. A.call on smokers to completely abandon smokingB.advise people to go to sleep when they want to smokeC.show people have known the harm brought by smokingD.show people will someday notice the bad effects of slee

21、p deprivation（3）What does the underlined word prioritize probably mean? A.Have a low opinion of something.B.Increase the amount of something.C.Cut down something that isnt necessary any more.D.Treat something as being more important than others.（4）What can be the best title for the text? A.Weekend C

22、atch-up Sleep Is a LieB.Bad Sleep Habits Are Harmful to HealthC.A New Study Has an Unexpected DiscoveryD.Advantages and Disadvantages of Catch-up Sleep【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者通过一项研究与对比举例的方法让大家明白周末马拉松式的“补觉”并不能扭转工作日睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。人们应该把睡眠放在优先地位。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Researchers have long kn

23、own that routine sleep deprivation (缺乏) can cause weight gain and increase other health risks, including diabetes”研究人员很早就知道长期的睡眠缺乏会导致体重增加和像糖尿病这样的健康风险，可知，人们很早就知道长期睡眠不足会给身体带来的危害。故选B。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中Kenneth Wright说的最后两句话可知：长期睡眠不足给健康造成的危害是长期的，就像曾经的抽烟习惯一样人们抽烟，没有看到立即的效应，但是现在人们会说抽烟是不健康的生活方式。睡眠不足就像是早期的抽烟一样

24、。也就是说作者用这个比喻是想让大家知道终究会有一天人们会注意到睡眠不足带来的坏处。故选D。 （3）考查词义猜测。划线单词后有一个破折后，起解释说明的作用。由破折后的句意：减少不必要的“睡眠小偷”式行为，比如看电视节目或者花时间在电子设备上。可知，我们需要把睡眠放在优先的地位。也就是说要把睡眠看的比看电视节目、看电子设备等等这些行为更重要。故选D。 （4）考查主旨大意。第一段就说明了文章中心。第一段段意为：一项发人深省的新研究表明，周末马拉松式的“补觉”并不能扭转工作日睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。也就是说周末的补觉是一个谎言。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个

25、题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 I have three kids and a great husband and Im enjoying a career that I find challenging and fun. This feels like Success to the outside world. But there is still a voice in my heart asking if this is who I truly am. Only in sil

26、ence do I hear the self and wonder who that person might be. So I booked a trip to find out. I travelled, for the first time, without my husband or kids. I went to Iceland with a friend, who shares an appreciation for wilderness and silence. For six days, we were immersed in wild, raw scenery and re

27、al weatherall kinds of weather. Climbing a mountain against rain and returning to a tent for a simple meal reminds you how little you actually need. And how strong it feels to be uncomfortable sometimes. I found silence in Iceland，and time to consider the me outside of career and the me outside of k

28、ids as I shared stories with strangers. When I stopped talking and just listened，I became more generous. I 1earned that choosing to be generous can create more space, more food and more warmth. But I didnt really gain any better appreciation of what I want from life or my job. I suspect the anxiety

29、that drove me to seek silence in Iceland was losing sight of my ability to choose gratitude and joy，and to be present in the challenges I set in my career and my family. I came home to noise，rush and love; with no less confusion on who I want to be. I know the answer isnt waiting out there on the to

30、p of a mountain in Iceland. The answer is in front of me with every step on my own 1ifes path, and in every choice I make. （1）Why did the author take a trip to Iceland? A.To gain a new experience.B.To enjoy family happiness.C.To better understand herself.D.To appreciate natural beauty.（2）Which word

31、can best describe the authors trip? A.PuzzlingB.ThrillingC.RelaxingD.Demanding（3）What change happened to the author after the trip? A.She became more positiveB.She became more energeticC.She became even lonelierD.She became more anxious（4）What will the author do in the future? A.Withdraw back to nature.B.Embrace reality bravely.C.Travel to Iceland more often.D.Pay less attention to her feelings.【答案】 （1）C（2