高中定语从句和非谓语.docx

1、高中定语从句和非谓语授课重点：1.复习定从和非谓语动词。 2. 单词，短语积累 3. 综合训练。（完形，阅读）定语从句需要注意的问题：（1）当先行词为case，point，position，situation等词且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where引导定语从句。They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.他们已经到了必须彼此分手的地步。（2）定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致当引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中作主语时，那么定语从句中的谓语动词的数的形式应与先行词保持一致。Li Hua is

2、one of the boys who are never late for school.(who指boys)李华是从不迟到的男孩之一。Li Hua is the only one of the boys who is never late for school.(who指one)李华是男孩中唯一从不迟到的。当先行词为one of the +复数名词时，定从的谓动用复数动词；当先行词为the (only)one of the +复数名词时，定从的谓动用单数动词；（3）当way作先行词时，可用that, in which或省略引导定从I dont like the way that/in wh

3、ich/不填 he talk to me.Is this new teaching building the one you visited last night?(变为陈述句后，is移到building之后。)Is this the new teaching building you visited last night?(变为陈述句后，is移到this之后。)Who is the man that is talking with our teacher?(为避免重复，用that不用who)关系代词与关系副词的比较：I still remember the day when (on whic

4、h) I first came to Beijing.比较：I still remember the day that I spent in Beijing.This is the house where (in which) I lived two years ago.比较：This is the house that I bought two years ago.The reason why he was late is that the car broke down on the way.比较：The reason that he gave us is not reasonable.经典

5、例题：1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days age? A. whereB. that C. on which D. the one 2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held. A. whereB. that C. on whichD. the one 3）It rained hard yesterday, _ prevented me from going to the park. A. thatB. whichC. as D. It非谓语需要注意的问题： 动词动名词作宾语suggest, r

6、isk, devote oneself to（建议冒险去献身）finish, imagine, bear/stand, look forward to（完成想象忍盼望）give up, delay/put off, regret, miss（放弃延期悔失去）insist on/stick to, enjoy/appreciate, feel like, practice（坚持欣赏要实践）pay attention to, excuse, escape/avoid, object to（注意原谅逃避反对）keep, be/get used to/be accustomed to, mind（保持

7、习惯勿介意）be worth, set about/burst out/get down to, be busy（值得开始将忙乎） ： need, require, want +doing = + to be done be worth +n. / + doing / be worthy + to be done = + of being done 下列动词后跟to do 作宾语： 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。 Decide / determine, learn, want, expect / hope / wish, refuse, manage, ca

8、re, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask / beg, help不定式作宾补 vs 分词作宾补的区别：口语中有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，其中诀是：一感：feel;二听：hear，listento;三让：make，let，have;四看：see，notice，watch，ob-serve。它们后面的宾补有三种形式，即：do, / doing, /和done. 作宾补：allow / advise /forbid / permit doing sth. allow / advise /forbid / permit s

9、b. to do sth. I watched him repair the womans bicycle. (表示“看着他修自行车”) I noticed him crossing the street just a few minutes ago. (表示“我注意到他时，他正在路”) I saw him knocked down by a car. (表示“他被撞倒”)下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别，要特别注意。1. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记已经做过某事remember to do

10、sth. 记住去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得曾经做过某事regret to do sth. 后悔/遗憾去做某事 regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做一件事情try to do sth. 努力/试图做某事 try doing sth. 尝试着做某事mean to do sth. 意欲/想/企图做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事go on to do sth. 接着做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做同一件事(=go on with sth.

11、)cant help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 cant help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事关于什么时候用have done：having done（完成式）作状语主动关系先于谓语动作发生having been done（完成被动式）作状语被动关系先于谓语动作发生Eg： Having (=Because we have) made full preparations, we are sure to be successful. Having been shown around(=After we had been shown) the library, we were

12、 then taken to see the laboratory.高考题点击： I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. having gone C. going D. to have gone2. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D

13、. to have been studying3.The storm left ,_ a lot of damage to this area . A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused不定式的省略 两个并列的不定式由and或or连接时，省略后面的不定式中的to。如： I want to finish my homework and go home. Im really puzzled what to think or say. 特例：To be or not to be，that is a question. He i

14、s better to laugh than to cry. (表示对比) 句中含有动词do时，but，except，besides等后面的不带to。即“前有do，后省to”。如： He didnt do anything but complain.在 cannot but, cannot choose but, cannot help but , could not but ,could not help but 的后面不带to , 它们的意思都是“只好，只有” ,如： He could not but walk home. / Its raining hard, I cannot help

15、 but stay at home./ I cannot but admire his courage.练习：Sandy could do nothing but _ to his teacher that he was wrong. A. admit B. admitted C. admitting D. to admitWhats the matter with Della?Well, her parents wouldnt allow her to go to the party, but she still _ _.A. hopes to B. hopes so C. hopes no

16、t D. hopes for基础知识21. When you finish reading the book, you will have _better understanding of_ life.A. a; the B. the; a C. /; the D. a; /22. Do remember to take this medicine three times a day with warm boiled water._.A. Heard it B. Got it C. Made it D. Taken it23. Im afraid I am not fit for the jo

17、b, for it is _calling for much patience.A. which B. what C. one D. that24. It is the prevention of disease_ the successful treatment that has led to therapid increase of the worlds population.A. less than B. rather than C. more than D. better than25. I can think of many cases_ students obviously kne

18、w a lot of English wordsand expressions but couldnt write good essays.A. why B. which C. as D. where 26. During the year, the government turned its attention _ agriculture.A. to improve B. to improving C. on improving D. on improve27. He wont stay here any longer, for the weather here doesnt _ him.A

19、. agree to B. match C. agree with D. fit for28. _the room, a letter was seen lying on the desk.A. Entering B. EnteredC. After entering D. When he entered29. Do let me stay up later tonight, mummy.Just_.A. all at once B. once and again C. for this once D. for this all30. We should keep a secret the t

20、hing _ at the meeting now.A. discussed B. being discussed C. being discussing D. been discussed31. We were kept of what was happening there mainly by TV and Internet during the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing. A. to inform B. informedC. informing D. to be informed32. The two sides debated_ each other

21、_who was the better for a whole day.A. to; to B. between; in C. over; on D. with; about33. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A. he explained B. what he explainedC. how he explained D. why he explained34. Whom _Mr. Li happened to meet in the street yesterday? Heaven

22、s know it.A. was it that B. it was that C. it was D. was it35. Only after you finish your homework _TV.A. you are allowed to watch B. are you allowed to watchC. are you allowed watching D. can you be able to watch 完形填空 Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 3

23、6 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 37 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication(非言语交际) takes up about 50% of what we really 38 , And body language is particularly 39 when we attempt to communicate across cultures（文化）. Indeed, what is called body language is so

24、40 a part of us that its actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 41 , different societies treat the 42 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 43 contact(接触)even with friends, certainly not with 44 . People from Latin American countr

25、ies， 45 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, its possible that in 46 ， it may look like a Latino（拉丁美洲人） is 47 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 48 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 49 - which the Latino wi

26、ll in return regard as 50 _. Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 51 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from 52 cultures, theres a strong possibility of 53 . But whatever the situation, the best 54 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would l

27、ike to be 55 _.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。作者认为身势语比言辞更有效，而身势语却常常被人们忽视。在进行跨文化交流过程中，身势语尤为重要。作者以拉丁美洲人和挪威人为例进行了阐述。最后作者指出：不管什么情况，最好的建议是：对待别人像你希望被对待的那样。（你想别人怎么对待你，你就怎样对待别人。）36. A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further【答案】B【解析】身势语比语言表达的意思更响亮，更清楚。此处louder意为：声音更大，即更有说服力。谚语Action speaks louder than words.（事实胜于雄辩。）【考点定

28、位】考查副词的比较级及语境理解。37. A. sounds B. invitations C. feelings D. messages 【答案】D【解析】据专家称：我们的身体发出比我们意识到的更多的信息。此处sound声音；invitation邀请；feeling感觉；message信息。【考点定位】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。38. A. hope B. receive C. discover D. mean 【答案】D【解析】实际上，非语言交际占据了约50%我们真正想表达的意思。此处hope希望；receive 接收；discover发现；mean表达意思。【考点定位】考查动词词义辨析及

29、语境理解。39. A. immediate B. misleading C. important D. difficult【答案】C【解析】当我们进行跨文化交流时，身势语显得尤为重要。此处immediate立刻； misleading 误导的；important重要的；difficult困难的。【考点定位】考查形容词词义辨析。40. A. well B. far C. much D. long【答案】C 【解析】身势语是被我们事实上常常忽视的很大的一部分。【考点定位】考查形容词的用法。41. A. For example B. Thus C. However D. In short【答案】A【

30、解析】文章以拉丁美洲人和挪威人为例，说明不同的社会群体对待距离的态度是不同的。【考点定位】考查副词词义。42. A. trade B. distance C. connections D. greetings 【答案】B【解析】不同的社会群体对待人们之间接触的距离是不同的。此处trade交易； distance 距离； connection联系；greeting问候。【考点定位】考查名词词义及语境理解。43. A. eye B. verbal C. bodily D. telephone【答案】C【解析】北欧人通常不喜欢身体的接触，即使是朋友，当然更不用说陌生人。此处eye 眼睛，眼神；ver

31、bal 言辞的； bodily身体的；telephone电话。【考点定位】考查语境理解。44. A. strangers B. relatives C. neighbours D. enemies【答案】A【解析】北欧人通常不喜欢身体的接触，即使是朋友，当然更不用说陌生人。此处strangers陌生人；relatives亲戚；neighbours邻居；enemies敌人。【考点定位】考查名词词义。45. A. in other words B. on the other hand C. in a similar way D. by all means【答案】B【解析】此处on the other hand意