钢结构焊缝超声波探伤检验程序中英文T8mm.docx

1、钢结构焊缝超声波探伤检验程序中英文T8mm作业指导书 (四)Task Steering （第一版 1nd edition）编制：审核：批准： 执行日期：2007年10月20日1、 简介General1.1 本工艺旨在叙述薄板焊缝，如外板对接缝的超声波探伤（UT）方法。本工艺介绍的方法目前在AWS D1.1中未详述，但在其它应用中被证明可行。The workmanship is describled about welding seam of thin palte,such as method of UT to butt joint seam of external plate.This wor

2、kmanship introduction is describled in AWS D1.1,but in other experiments are to be proved useful.1.2 AWS D1.1:2006附录K通常用于板厚小于8mm的焊件的超声波检测。 AWS D1.1:2006 attach K usually do UT for less than 8mm thickness weldment.2、 工艺要求 Workmanship Requirement2.1 用本工艺可检测的焊缝类型The type of welding seam what this workm

3、anship can inspect使用埋弧焊(SAW)，药芯焊丝气体保护焊(FCAW)，气体保护钨极电弧焊(GTAW)或药皮焊条电弧焊(SMAW)焊接，两母材板厚相同的对接焊缝均可使用此工艺进行检测。其它焊缝形式须单独鉴定和单独的工艺。This workmanship can inspect SAW,FCAW,GTAW or SMAW,butt joint seam of the same thickness of base material.Other welding seam must have individual inspect and workmanship.2.2 可用于检测的设

4、备类型 Equipment type of inspection符合6.22.1(AWS D1.1:2006)要求的任何超声波检测设均可使用。如果有能力检测出试验样板的缺陷且达到本工艺要求时，可以使用其它设备，见2.6至2.11。UT idetection device can be used in accordance with 6.22.1(AWS D1.1:2006).If other equipments can inspect limitation of trail sample plate and in accord with workmanship request,then al

5、low to use.see 2.62.11 2.3 探头 Search unit探头应符合6.22.6或6.22.7(AWS D1.1:2006)。Search unit should be in accordance with 6.22.6 or 6.22.7(AWS D1.1:2006).2.3.1 直（纵波）探头Straight(longitudinal wave) search unit直(纵波)探头晶片有效面积不小于323mm2，也不要大于645mm2。探头可圆可方。探头应按6.29.1.3 1(AWS D1.1:2006)所述要进行三次反射。The wafer effective

6、 area of straight(longitudinal wave) search unit should be between 323mm2 and 645mm2 .Either round or square is allowed to search unit.Search unit shall do three times reflect as 6.29.1.3 1(AWS D1.1:2006) requested.2.3.2 斜探头 Inclined search unit2.3.3 斜探头包括探头和入射角度。Inclined search unit include search

7、unit and incidence angle 2.3.2.1 频率 Frequency探头频率应在2到6MHz之间，包括2和6MHz。Search unit frequency shall between 2 and 6 MHz,include 2 and 6MHz.2.3.2.2 探头尺寸 Search unit dimension探头晶体外形可为正方形或矩形，宽度范围为1525 mm，高度范围为1525 mm。最大宽高比为1.2比1.1，最小宽高比为1.0比1.0。The wafer externality of search unit shall be square or recta

8、ngle,width scope is 1525mm,height scope is 1525mm.The largest rate of width and height is 1.2:1.1,the smallest rate of width and height is 1.0:1.0.2.3.2.3 探头角度 Search unit angle探头角度在68到72度之间。Search unit angle shall between 68 and 72 degree.2.3.2.4 标记 Marking每个探头应明确标记探头频率，理论反射角和入射点。入射点定位方法如6.29.2.1(A

9、WS D1.1:2006)所述。Each search unit shall mark search unit frequency,angle of reflection and points of incidence. The orientation method of points of incidence shall in accordance with 6.29.2.1(AWS D1.1:2006).2.3.2.5 内部反射 Internal reflection最大允许内部反射如6.24.3 1(AWS D1.1:2006)所述。The biggest allowance of In

10、ternal reflection shall in accordance with 6.24.3 1(AWS D1.1:2006).2.3.2.6 边缘距离 Edge distance. 探头尺寸是指从探头导入边缘到入射点之间的距离，它不超过25 mm。Search unit dimension is from guide edge to points of incidence distance,less than 25mm.2.3.2.7 IIW 块 W Sample使用IIW标准块方法应符合6.29.2.6(AWS D1.1:2006)，如图6.21(AWS D1.1:2006)所示。T

11、he standard method of use W sample shall in accordance with 6.29.2.6(AWS D1.1:2006),see picture 6.21(AWS D1.1:2006).2.3.2.8 附加校准块 Additional calibration block要求有一个校准块，如下：A calibration block is requested,see as follow:2.3.2.8.1 接头结构 Search unit structure只有坡口对接接头才能使用。 Bevel butt joint search unit can

12、be only used.2.3.2.8.2 材料类型 Material type试验板材料须与实际焊接中使用的材料相同。The material of sample plate shall be same as actual welding.2.3.2.8.3 材料厚度 Material thickness生产中检测的材料厚度应不大于试验样板的厚度。Material thickness is needed to inspect that shall not thicker than sample plate during fabrication.2.3.2.8.4 缺陷尺寸，方向和位置 li

13、mitation demision,direction and position为可表示在生产焊缝中可能要出现的缺陷，试样应用标准块。此标准块包括一个直径为1.5 mm，平行于焊缝轴线，位于熔合区且贯穿试验板的通孔。见图1: 典型标准块位置。In order to display limitation of welding that may be occurred,sample shall use standard one.There is a through hole in this standard sample,which shall be 1.5mm diameter,parallel

14、 welding seam axes,locate in fusion area and through sample plate. See picture 1:standard sample position2.3.2.8.5 缺陷类型和位置limitation type and position在执行本工艺选择水平III时，标准块可存在其它类型缺陷。如有意识地让坡口焊缝未焊透，夹钨，焊缝塞入垫圈或螺母，或者其它能提供的与在实际生产中可能遇到的缺陷信号相同的方法。除了2.3.2.8.4条所指的钻孔外，包含缺陷的任何试验校准块应先进行射线探伤以确定缺陷尺寸、方位。画出标准块图与射线底片一起存档

15、备案。Technological choice in the implementation of the level III, the standard block may exist other types of defects. If so that the sense of groove weld lack of penetration, folder tungsten, insert washers or weld nut, or to provide other in the actual production may signal defects encountered the s

16、ame way. Apart from the meaning of section 2.3.2.8.4 bored, contains flawed calibration block any trial should be conducted to determine the defect-detection size, position. Standard block map drawn-ray film archive with the record.2.3.2.8.6 校准严禁使用角落反射。Forbideen using corner inflection when adjustme

17、nt 2.4 探伤表面处理 Testing surface treatment被探焊缝表面及相邻区域应用砂轮磨干净或用钢丝刷刷干净到允许超声波畅通无阻进入母材的程度。被探表面最少应如标准块般光洁。The welding seam surface and adjacent area shall be cleaned by grinding wheel and wire brush,make sure that the ultrasonic can enter into base material unlocked.The glabrous of inspected surface shall b

18、e same as standard sample .2.5 耦合剂Couplant在被探材料与探头之间应使用耦合剂。可以使用甘油或纤维胶与水按比例混合作为耦合剂。如果必要，可使用湿的添加剂。标准块可以用轻机油作为耦合剂。Couplant shall be used between inspected material and search unit.Couplant can mix with glycerin or “viscose and water”.If necessary, wet additive is allowed to use.Standard sample can use

19、light machine oil as couplant.2.6 设备要求Equipment requirement采用适当的A型显示脉冲反射式超声波探伤仪，工作频率为16MHz。A type vision impluse reflection ultrasonic fault detector is properly used,working frequency is 16MHz.2.6.1 水平线性Horizontal linearity探伤仪的水平线性应在用于检测的全声程距离内进行认证，应与6.30.1(AWS D1.1:2006)一致。Horizontal linearity of

20、flaw detector shall be checked in sound path distance,and shall be in accordance with 6.30.1(AWS D1.1:2006).2.6.2 探伤仪要求Flaw detector requirement探伤仪要求有内稳定性，保证在加热后或在充电时当电压变化15时变化不大于1dB，当电源耗尽时在关闭仪器前应有一个警报或仪表来显示电源电压。Flaw detector shall have internal stability,make sure when volt change 15%, after calefa

21、ction or electricizing change not greater than 1dB,there shall be a alarm or instrument to show supply voltage before close instrument and power exhaust.2.6.3 探伤仪校准Flaw detector calibration探伤仪应具有60dB以上的连续可调衰减器，步进级每档为1或2dB，其精度为1dB以内。认可的工艺应如6.24.2和6.30.2(AWS D1.1:2006)所述。Flaw detector shall have more

22、than 60dB continuous adjustable attenuator ,each level of stepper grade shall be 1 or 2dB ,its precision shall within 1dB. Approbatory workmanship shall in accordance with 6.24.2 and 6.30.2(AWS D1.1:2006)2.6.4 显示范围Indication range仪器显示的动态范围应当是每1dB振幅的不同都能在显示器上清楚地反映出来。Instrument display dynamic range s

23、hall be that each 1dB swing can reflect clearly in display.2.7 探伤程度Detection of defects grade所有焊缝应达到以下要求。All welding seam shall achieve following requirement.2.7.1 夹层扫查Interlayer inspect由于母材夹层反射，超声波探伤焊缝所经过的所有母材均须用与2.3.1条要求一致的直探头进行扫查，校准应与2.7.1.1到2.7.1.2要求一致。如果母材的任何区域回波显示的总损失等于或大于起始回波显示高度，且这个区域位于干扰正常焊

24、缝扫查的位置时，应从A面探出其尺寸、位置和深度，并记录在超声波检测报告上，应当使用预备用于母材有夹层的焊缝探伤工艺进行探伤。Due to base material interlayer reflect,all base materials that ultrasonic detection of defects welding seam pass through shall be inspected in accordance with 2.3.1,adjustment shall be in accordance with 2.7.1.1 to 2.7.1.2.If any area of

25、 base material echo show all losses not less than original height,and when this area located in where disturb common welding seam inspect,shall side A to hold out its dimension,position and depth,and note in UT inspection report. 2.7.1.1 扫查Scan and check水平扫查应在显示器上调整到最小等于2倍板厚的标准距离。Level inspect shall

26、 adjust palte thickness to the twice least thickness of plate standard distance in diaplay 2.7.1.2 灵敏度Sensitivity以经由钢板远边的首次后反射调整到全屏高度的50到75为灵敏度。Sensitivity is defined that after the first time pass through far side of steel plate reflection,and adjust full screen height 50% to 75%.2.7.2 探测夹层的其它方法 Ot

27、her methods of explore interlayer 如果不能证明直探头能探测母材的分层，那么不论什么原因，可以使用其它方法。磁粉探伤完全可以用于检查与焊缝相连的钢板边缘。坡口焊缝两侧各50mm距离的钢板两侧边也可以用MT或PT来检查。If straight search unit can explore interlayer of base material that couldnt be proved.so no matter what reason ,other methods can be used. Detection of defects of magnetic ca

28、n complete use to check steel plate edge of joint welding seam .MT and PT can also check bevel welding seam of two sides 50mm steeel plate .2.8 检测方法Test methods所有检测均有如下要求。All test methods see following requirement.2.8.1 X线“X”ray指示缺陷位置的X线应标记在焊件的被测面上，方向平行于焊缝轴线，垂直于焊缝轴线的距离在详图上是尺寸外形的基础，通常位于对接接头焊缝的中心线上.Sh

29、ow X ray of limitation position shall be marked in checked side of weldments,in parallel with axis of weld,the vertical axis of weld distance is basic of dimension externality,it usually locates in butt joint welding seam centerline.2.8.2 Y线“Y”rayY线须清楚标记在与被探焊缝相邻的母材上，此标记用作如下目的：“Y”ray shall be marked

30、in base material of adjacent inspected seam,the purpose of marking as follows:（1） 焊缝标志 welding seam sign（2） A面标志 side A sign（3） 从X线的测量距离和方向（或）Measure distance and position of X ray. （or）（4） 从焊缝端头或边缘的测量位置Measure position of top welding seam or edge.2.8.3 清洁Clean探头接触的表面应无焊接飞溅物、污垢、油脂、油（除非用作耦合剂）、油漆及松散的氧

31、化皮，并且应有一个有利于探头良好接触和移动的空间。The contact surface of search unit shall no welding spatter、dirt、axunge、oil(except as couplant )、paint and loose oxide skin,and have a space that search unit can well contact、move.2.8.4 表面轮廓Surface form除非图纸要求，如果达到5.24.4(AWS D1.1:2006)要求，坡口焊缝表面不需要打磨平。如果超声波从垂直于轴线的焊缝两侧都不能清楚地检测出

32、焊缝质量，在这种情况下，焊缝应当磨平以便超声波沿焊缝轴线直接进入焊缝。Bevel welding seam dont need to burnish in accordance with 5.24.4(AWS D1.1:2006) unless drawing request.If ultrasonic cant check welding seams quality,in this instance,welding seam shall be burnished,and make sure ultrasonic can enter into welding seam directly. 2.8.5 对接接头Butt joint应从焊缝轴线两侧检测所有的对接接头焊缝，除2.8.4条外。如果要检测纵向和横向缺陷，应用图2所示的扫查方法对所