初二英语复习资料+笔记+语法.docx

1、初二英语复习资料+笔记+语法as for 至于 junk food 垃圾食品 eating habit 饮食习惯 of course 当然 look after 照顾 hardly ever 很少 on weekends 在周末 start with 以开始 every day 每天 three times a week 一周三次 a lot of 很多 surf the internet 网上冲浪 try to do sth 尽量去做某事 make a difference 使得结果不同 go to the movies 看电影 in good health 身体好Unit 1 How of

2、ten do you exercise? 语言要点 广东省教育厅教研室 1. How often do you exercise? I do exercise once a month. 2. What do you usually do on weekends? I usually play soccer. 3. What do they do on weekends? They often go to the movies. 4. What does he do on weekends? He sometimes watches TV. 5. How often do you shop?

3、I shop twice a week. 6. Every day, always, usually, often, sometimes, ever, hardly, never, once a week, twice a mouth1. - Whats the matter?- I have a headache. You should go to bed.- He has a stomachache. He shouldnt eat anything for 24 hours.- She has a toothache. She should see a dentist. 2. see a

4、 doctor / dentist, get / have a cold, give advice, have a toothache, have a headache, have a stomachache, have a backache, have a sore throat, have a fever, lie down and rest, drink lots of water, drink hot tea with honey, a few, stressed out, listen to music, get tired, stay / keep healthy, at the

5、moment, on the other hand, a balanced diet Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation? 语言要点 广东省教育厅教研室 1. - What are you doing for vacation?- Im spending time with my friends. 2. - When are you going?- Im going next week. 3. - How long are you staying?- Were staying for two weeks. 4. sightseeing, fishing

6、, relaxing, visiting, going camping, spending 5. how long, get back, at home, take a vacation, think about, decide on, go bike riding Unit 4 How do you get to school? 语言要点 广东省教育厅教研室 1. - How do you get to school?- I take the bus. 2. - How long does it take?- It takes 20 minutes. 3. - How far is it?-

7、 Its 10 miles. 4. - It takes sb. some time to do something. 5. bicycle, subway, car, train, bus station, bus stop, minute, kilometer, mile, transportation 6. get to, ride, walk, take, depend, depend on, by bus 1. - Can you come to my birthday party?- Yes, Id love to.- Sorry, I cant. I have to study

8、for a test. 2. Im sorry. Im playing soccer on Saturday. 少数动词（如：come, go, begin, start, leave, arrive, return, stay等）可以用现在进行时表示一个预计要发生的动作。如：He is leaving the day after tomorrow. 3. - Can he go to the baseball game?- No, he cant. He has to study for a test. 4. words and expressions: invitation, study

9、for a test, come to the party, the whole day, another day, try to do sth., have to do sth., join sb. , go to the concert Unit 6 Im more outgoing than my sister. 语言要点 广东省教育厅教研室 1. - Tina is taller than Tara.- Tom has shorter hair than Sam.- Linda is more outgoing than me. 形容词比较级的构成。 2. 词语：both, inter

10、est, interesting, though, be good at, all the time, look the same, twin sister, a little taller, a primary school, in some ways, the same as, be different from, opposite view 3. 个人特征方面的词汇：tall, thin, short, long hair, short hair, funny, serious, outgoing, easygoing, athletic, quiet, intellectual Uni

11、t 8 How was your school trip? 语言要点 广东省教育厅教研室 1. - What did you do / see on your last school trip?- I / We went / saw .- What else did you do?- I bought .- Did you buy / go .?- Yes, I / We did. / No, I / we didnt.- Where did you go yesterday?- I went to .- Were there any sharks / seals .?- Yes, there

12、 were. / No, there werent. 2. 重点词汇：aquarium, zoo, science, centre, gift shop, souvenir, seal, shark, octopus, dolphin, take photos, get ones autograph, prize, movie, hang out, go for a drive, sleep late 3. 一些规则动词和不规则动词的过去式 Unit 9 When was he born? 语言要点 广东省教育厅教研室 1. - When was she born?- She was born

13、 in 1973. 2. - How long did he hiccup?- He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months. 3. You are never too young to start doing things. 4. violinist, skater, pianist, athlete professional, talented, loving, outstanding, unusual, creativeUnit 10 Im going to be a basketball player. 语言要点 广东省教育厅教研室 1. - What

14、are you going to be when you grow up?- Im going to be a basketball player. 2. computer programmer, pilot, engineer, editor, journalist 3. sound like, at the same time, keep fit, get a part-time job, grow up, move to Unit 12 Whats the best radio station? 语言要点 广东省教育厅教研室 1. Whats the best movie theater

15、?Who do you think is the funniest actor? 2. But I think that Circle Theater has the most comfortable seats. 3. a clothing store, do a survey of sb. about sth., as for, a great success, in the daytime, in the north of China, cut the prices 4. clothing, comfort, seat, close, theater, positive, perform

16、, success, last, seldom, enough, far, distance Unit 11 Could you please clean your room? 语言要点 广东省教育厅教研室 1. - Could you please clean your room?- Yes, sure. / No problem. / Of course. / Certainly. 2. - Could I use your computer?- Sorry, Im going to work on it now. 3. You have to clean your room first.

17、 4. do the dishes, sweep the floor, make ones bed, fold the clothes, do the laundry, stay out late, have / take a test, study for the math test, take care of, forget to do sth ., have / hold a school party, play with sb. / sth. 5. trash, chore, hate, borrow, invite, teenager, feed, favor, fish 配专业语法

18、 编辑本段释义1、表示人或事物名称的词，如人、牛、水、友谊、团体、今天、中间、北京、孔子。2、（名词儿）术语或近似术语的字眼（不限于语法上的名词）：化学名词 | 新名词儿3、表达三段论法结构中的概念的词。编辑本段定义名词是表示人,事物,地点或抽象概念的名称。例如：desk 桌子 time 时间 life 生活 book 书本 room 房间 honest 诚实 worker 工人 pencil 铅笔 computer 计算机city城市 homework家庭作业编辑本段用法：在句子中用作动词的主语或宾语的词,或是在独立结构中表示名称的词,或是在联系动词后作表语用的词编辑本段分类名词分为专有名词

19、和普通名词专有名词: 表示具体的人,事物,地点或机构的专有名称。例如:Tom 汤姆 China 中国 Asia 亚洲 Beijing 北京普通名词: 表示某些人,某类事物,某种物质或抽象概念的名称。例如:teacher 老师 tea 茶 reform 改革普通名词又可进一步分为四类1) 个体名词（Individual Nouns）:表示单个的人和事物。horse 马 car 汽车 room 房间 apple 苹果 fan 风扇 picture 照片2) 集体名词（Collective Nouns）: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。people 人们 family 家庭 army 军队 gover

20、nment政府 group 集团3) 物质名词（Material Nouns）:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。fire 火 steel 钢 air 空气 water 水 milk 牛奶4)抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。labour 劳动 health 健康 life 生活 friendship友情 patience耐力名词又可分为可数名词（Countable Nouns）和不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。_专有名词、 个体名词、可数名词 、集体名词普通名词 物质名词、不可数名词、抽象名词可数名词有单,复数之分,表示

21、一个或多个。a book 一本书 two books 两本书不可数名词：不分单,复数；抽象名词, 物质名词和专有名词一般是不可数名词。sand 沙 sugar 糖有少数名词既可作可数名词,又可作不可数名词,但含义不同。glass 玻璃 glasses 玻璃杯 paper 纸 papers 报纸,文件编辑本段名词的功能名词在句中作主语, 宾语,介词宾语,宾语补足语,表语以及名词短语作状语。1.主语：The bag is in the desk.书包在桌子里边。2.宾语：I washed my clothes yesterday. 昨天我洗了我的衣服。3.表语：This is a good boo

22、k. 这是一本好书。4.宾语补助语We selected him our monitor.我们选他为我们的班长。5.介词宾语Mary lives with her parents.玛丽和她的父母亲住在一起。6.定语：He is a Party member. 他是一名党员。编辑本段名词的复数1）一般加s2）以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词加es3) 以元音字母+y结尾的词直接+sboys，days， toys4) 名词以辅音+y 结尾的,变 y 为 i ,再加 escities，babies， factories.5) 名词以+ o 结尾的,有生命的，如potato，则加-es；无生命的，如pho

23、to，则直接加s。极少数名词虽然以-o 或者-f 结尾, 变成复数则只加 -s,为数不多, 如 radios pianos photos roofs 等。6) 以f 或fe结尾的词，先将 f 或fe 变成v，再加 -es7)以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词加-s,读|z|英语中有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,需要一一记忆常见的有，man - men woman - women foot - feet tooth - teeth mouse - mice ox - oxen sheep - sheep deer - deer fish - fish编辑本段名词的格在英语中,名词的格有三个,

24、主格,宾格和所有格。它们的形式及其变化表示与其他词的关系。实际上, 主格和宾格通过它在句中的作用和位置来确定。名词的所有格: 名词中表示所有关系的形式叫做名词所有格。以-s 或 -es 结尾的复数名词的所有格只在名词后加 “ ”。复合名词的所有格 s 加在后面的名词之后.如果一样东西为两人共有,则只在后一个名词后加 s 。名词的复数一般结尾有“s”所以变所有格时只加“”但特殊的名词复数仍要加 s如children就是child的名词复数形式它变所有格时则必须加 s名词所有格所修饰的词,有时可以省略。如前文已经提到,或者指地点。名词的双重所有格物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that,

25、 these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which等词一起前置，修饰一个名词，而必须用双重所有格。公式为：a, an, this, that +名词+of +名词性物主代词。1.双重所有格是由非生物的所有格(即of+名词)与生物的所有格(如mothers, Toms等)共同构成的。 2.双重所有格的形式可为名词+of+名词的所有格,其中of后面的生物的所有格之后的名词被省略;也可为名词+of+所有代名词。 在生物的所有格Stephens之后,省略了名词classmates, 生物的所有格所代表的同学的

26、数量超过此文提到过的三人。 3.双重所有格多由a, an, this, that, these, those, any, some, each, every, many, more, most, either, neither, no, much, another, several, enough, such, one, two等冠词、指示形容词、不定形容词、数量词或疑问形容词which+名词+of+名词的所有格或所有代名词构成。 2) 表示无生命东西的名词所有格,一般与 of 构成短语表示前者属于后者。编辑本段名词的性英语名词如果从生物学的自然性别角度来分析,可分为四种性,阳性,阴性,通性和

27、中性。一般来说绝大多数名词没有性的词性变化形式。英语名词大部分都是中性的。对于一些代表性的英语名词，则用不同的英语名词来表示,而不是用一个词的词形变化来表示。例如阳性: 表示男人或雄性动物的名词有，father man boy阴性: 表示女人或雌性动物的名词有，mother woman girl通性: 表示某一类别的名称,而不强调性别。children baby friend animal fish中性: 表示无生命的物质名称和抽象名称，desk pen chair room编辑本段注意事项英语名称分类繁杂,它的单,复数问题,以及可数还是不可数问题直接影响谓语动词,冠词,代词的使用。请注意下列

28、几个问题。名称作主语时,谓语动词必须和它的主语人称数，相一致.These books are mine, not yours.这些书是我的，不是你的。Miss Li teaches us English.李小姐教我们英语。集体名称作主语时,谓语动词可用单数,也可用复数。用单数是把集体名称看作整体,用复数是把集体名称看作整体中的组成部分或各成员。His family is large.他家人很多。His family are all teachers他的家人都是教师。动词用复数.We Chinese people are brave and hardworking.我们中国人民勤劳而勇敢。下列名

29、词 news mathematics physics polities 等名称作主语时,谓语动词用单数。The good news is that we have passed the exam.好消息是我们通过了考试。下列名词 goods scissors trousers eyeglasses scales 作主语时,谓语动词用复数。Do you know where my trousers are?你知道我的裤子在哪儿吗？用 and 连接的名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。She and her sister are in the same school.她和她的妹妹在同一个学校。There be 句型中,谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。There are two apples and one egg in it.这里边有两个苹果和一个鸡蛋。