初中英语新课标版中考总复习冲刺材料6DOC范文整理.docx

1、初中英语新课标版中考总复习冲刺材料6DOC范文整理初中英语（新课标版）中考总复习冲刺材料6【第18讲被动语态复习ABc】A熟记结构被动语态的结构为“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”。被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的，其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。其具体变化为：一般现在时：aisarepp一般过去时：aserepp一般将来时：shallillbepp现在完成时：havehasbeenpp现在进行时：aisarebeingpp过去将来时：shouldouldbepp含情态动词的被动结构：情态动词bepp例如：chinese_bythelargestnuberofpeopleAspea

2、BisspeaingcspeasDisspoenTheboy_togetsupperreadyafterschoolAeretoldBistellingcastoldDtellsAlotofneroads_builtintheestofchinaAustBustbechasDhaveB明确用法被动语态常用于以下两种情况：不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者；强调动作的承受者。例如：这棵树是那个男孩弄断的。Thetree_bythatboyc熟练转换将主动语态变被动语态的基本方法为：将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语；谓语动词变为“be及物动词的过去分词”，并通过be的变化来表

3、达出不同的时态；主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。被动语态的一般疑问句是将一个助动词置于主语之前；否定句是在个助动词后加not；特殊疑问句的语序为：疑问词一般疑问句。例如：youustthrothebroenpotteryaayatonceThebroenpottery_atonceheredidtheygrovegetables？here_vegetables_？D注意特例将主动语态变被动语态应注意几个特殊情况：含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，有两种方法：将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变；将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或for引导。例如

4、：Hetoldusastoryeeretoldastory或：AstoryastoldtousbyhiHerothergaveheranepenAnepen_herbyherother短语动词的被动语态：在变为被动语态时，要将短语动词视为一个整体，其后的介词或副词不能省去。例如：Thisdictionaryustnt_frothelibraryAtaeaaBtaenaacaretaenaaDbetaenaaDSheilltaegoodcareofthechildrenThechildrenill_含有复合宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，通常将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语就成为主语补足语。注意

5、：省略to的不定式作宾补时，不定式符号to必须补上。例如：SoeonesahisiinQianlingLaeyesterdayHe_siinQianlingLaeyesterday不定式的被动结构：动词不定式的被动语态为“tobe过去分词”。例如：Theradiosaysaildanialzooisto_inourcityAbebuildingBbuildcbebuiltDbuiltc以疑问代词开头的疑问句转换成被动句时要注意词序：应将主动句中的疑问代词改为介词by的宾语，但仍然放在句子开头。例如：hohasbroenthecup？Byhohasthecupbeenbroen？E注意区别被动语

6、态和过去分词作表语的区别：）含义不同：被动语态强调动作，重点说明动作由谁完成、怎样完成；而过去分词作表语通常用来描写情景，叙述人或事物的特征及所处的状态。试比较：Theindoisbroen窗子破了。Theindoisbroenbyhi窗子被他打破了。）用法不同：过去分词作表语时可以被so，very，too等程度副词修饰，而被动语态则不能用so，very，too修饰，而需用uch，veryuch，souch，toouch修饰。试比较：Heasveryinterestedinscience他对科学有极大兴趣。IassouchsurprisedatthescenethatIdidntnohatto

7、do我被那种场面搞得大吃一惊，不知所措。F牢记句型初中教材中与被动语态相关的句型有：becoveredith被覆盖beadeof由制作beadefro由制作beadein由制造beadeby被制造beusedfor被用来beusedas被当作来使用beusedtodosth被用来做某事Itissaidthat据说Itishopedthat希望Itisellnonthat众所周知例如：yourcoatloosniceIsit_cotton？yesItsShanghaiAadeof；adebBadeof；adeincadefor；adebDadefor；adeinBThisachineisused

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