大学英语四级考试题及答案一.docx

1、大学英语四级考试题及答案一大学英语四级考试题及答案一信息来源:：公共外语教研部浏览数：1011 录入时间：2012-5-28 14:47:17 双击鼠标自动滚屏 Part Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled What electives to choose. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1、各大学开设了各种各样

2、的选修课2、学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课3、以你自己为例What electives to choosePart Reading comprehension (Skimming and scanning) (15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four c

3、hoices marked A), B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Universities Branch Out As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the

4、scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantages. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a po

5、werful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability. In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values

6、, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sw

7、eeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing t

8、o developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for unde

9、rgraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at Americas best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty memb

10、ers at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one

11、 of 2, 200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships(实习)abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or intern

12、ship opportunity and providing the financial resources to make it possible.Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a re

13、search center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghais Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate stu

14、dents visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xus Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors, and faculty get on-the-job tr

15、aining from a word-class scientist and his U.S. team.As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and integrated circuit of the 1960s to the internet infrastructure(基础设施)and ap

16、plications software of the 1990s.The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard.

17、 Around the world ,governments have encouraged copying of his model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant

18、 about sustaining the research university model. Most politician recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003,but has risen more slowl

19、y than inflations since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term G

20、DP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for internatio

21、nal exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11,changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singap

22、ore and the U.K. Objections from Americans university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline ,but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nations well-

23、being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important effects : first, the very best of them stay in the

24、States and - like immigrants throughout history - strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished(珍视) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments o

25、f foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1.From the first paragraph we know that present day universities have become A. more and more research-oriented C. more popularized than ever before B. in-service train

26、ing organizations D. a powerful force for global integration2.Over the past three decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased A.by2.5 million C. at an annual rate of 3.9 percentB. by 800,000 D. at an annual rate of 8 percent3.In the United States, how many of the newly hired professor

27、s in science and engineering are foreign-born?A.10% B.20% C.30% D.38%4.How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?A. They organize a series of seminars on world economyB. They offer them various courses in international politicsC. They arrange for them to participate in

28、the Erasmus programD. They give them chances for international study or internship5.An example illustrating the general trend of universities globalization is A. Yales collaboration with Fudan University on genetic researchB. Yales helping Chinese universities to launch research projectsC. Yales stu

29、dent exchange program with European institutionsD. Yales establishing branch campuses throughout the world6.What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?A. It houses many companies spun off from MIT and HarvardB. It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft CompanyC. It was intentionally

30、created by Stanford UniversityD. It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up7.What is said about the U.S. federal funding for research?A. It has increased by 3 percent C. It has been more than sufficientB. It has been unsteady for years D. It doubled between 1998 and 20038.The dramatic decl

31、ine in the enrollment of foreign students in the U.S after September 11 was caused by_. 9.Many Americans fear that American competiveness may be threatened by foreign students who will_. 10.The policy of welcoming foreign students can benefit the U.S. in that the very best of them will stay and _. P

32、art III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirection: In his section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will a pause. 11. A) She used to be in poor health. B) She was popular among boys. C) She was somewhat overweight D) She didnt do well at high school.12. A) At the airport. B) In a restauran