最新高中英语 Unit2《English around the World》学.docx

1、最新高中英语 Unit2English around the World学Unit 2English around the world【单元导航】中国式英语欧洲人做过精细的统计，自1994年以来加入国际英语行列的词汇中，中式英语贡献了5%到20%，超过任何其他来源。除“孔夫子(Confucious)”、“中国功夫(kung fu)”、“麻将(mahjong)”或者“豆腐(tofu)”之类绝无仅有的称谓，再挑拣几个真正有中国气质、代表华夏气派、并影响全球当代生活的“鸡蛋词”。 (一)丝绸silk中国是养蚕大国，丝绸的故乡。“silk”的发音，显然是汉语的音译，这个词代表了中国高超的工艺技术和贸易

2、强势。即便现在，丝绸仍在现代生活中充当雍容华丽、典雅高贵的象征。(二)茶tea这个词，又是英国人从拗口的闽南话里偷走的。茶，和丝绸、瓷器比肩，堪称古代中国对外贸易的拳头产品。目前，品茶代表了一种生活方式和文化品位。 18世纪的柴斯特顿勋爵在训子家书里写道：“尽管茶来自东方，它毕竟是绅士气味的；而可可则是个痞子、懦夫，一头粗野的猛兽。”(三)世外桃源Shangrila (Xanadu)这是两个近义词，都有“世外桃源”的意思。“Shangrila”出自西藏的传说之地香格里拉，“Xanadu”则是蒙古的元上都。如果要表达“世外桃源”，通常采用“Xanadu”这个词。(四)风水Feng Shui风水，

3、还是音译。它凝聚了古代中国在活人住宅和死人墓地方面的集体智慧。近年来，风水在美国红极一时，从中国人唇齿之间发出的音节，已经成为当代人急需探究的学问。(五)走狗running dogs中国式英语“running dogs”贴切地表达了一种见利忘义、供人驱使的“下三烂”。最先运用这个词的是中国人，还是英国人，已无从考证；重要的是，英语世界接纳了“走狗”，并以汉语的思维抚育这个“外来词”。接纳词汇的同时，无形中也接受了中国人的价值观。(六)大款、巨亨tycoon这种称呼是近些年才流行街巷的，指有钱、有势的商人或者企业家，中国传统的叫法是“大掌柜”。Section OneWarming Up and

4、Reading.Leadin1.Can you name some countries in which English is spoken?2.Is the English in those countries the same?3.Do you know the differences between American English and British English？British EnglishAmerican EnglishSpellingcolourfavouritetheatrecentremetretravelledcolor favorite theater cente

5、rmeter traveledWordslift (电梯)petrol (汽油)flat (公寓)autumnunderground (地铁)university (大学)rubbish (垃圾)dustbin (垃圾箱)holidayfortnight (两星期)elevatorgasapartmentfallsubwaycollegegarbagetrash canvacationtwo weeks.速读课文，回答下列问题 (1) From AD 450 to 1150，English sounded more like .A.French B.ChineseC.German D.Russ

6、ian答案C (2) Between AD 800 and 1500，English sounded more like .A.French B.ChineseC.German D.Russian答案A (3)Shakespeares English was spoken around .A.1400s B.1150sC.450s D.1600s答案D.精读课文，完成下列问题1.完成下列表格The road to modern EnglishAD 4501150The English was spoken in England.It was based more on (1)German th

7、an the English we speak at present.AD 8001150Because the people who (2)ruled England spoke first Danish and later French，English became (3)less like German.In the 1600s(4)Shakespeare made use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.In 1620Some British settlers moved to (5)America.In the 18th centuryS

8、ome British people were taken to (6)Australia.17651947English was spoken in India as well as in Africa and Asia.It became the language for (7)government and education in India.By the 19th centuryThe English language was settled.Two big changes: Samuel Johnson wrote his (8)dictionary.Noah Webster wro

9、te (9)The American Dictionary of the English Language and gave a separate identity to (10)American English spelling.NowEnglish is also spoken in (11)India，(12)Singapore，(13)Malaysia，(14)Africa and so on.2.概括每段的大意 Para.1：It describes the extension of English in the world. Para.2：It tells us native sp

10、eakers can understand each other but not everything. Para.3：It tells the development of English as native language. Para.4：It tells us English is spoken as a foreign or second language in many countries.与同桌讨论、理解下列长难句并尝试翻译成汉语1.At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was v

11、ery different from the English spoken today. 句子结构分析： spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150在句中作the English的定语；spoken today作定语修饰第二个the English。 翻译：起先，从公元450年到1150年，人们所说的英语跟今天所说的英语就不同。2.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 句子结构分析： be based on意为“以为基础”；more A than B

12、意为“与B相比， 更像A；与其说是B不如说是A”。 we speak at present作定语修饰the English。 翻译：当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。.小组讨论(选择其中一个题目即可)1.What factors affected the use of a language? (提示：international role，economic development，development of democracy, the image in the world，cultural development)2.Why do you think people a

13、ll over the world want to learn English?3.Will Chinese English become one of the world English？Section TwoLanguage Points1. Do you know that there is more than one kind of English？你知道吗，(世界上)有许多英语种类？【品味经典】 There are more than 100 people at the party. 有100多人参加聚会。 Peace is much more than the absence of

14、 war. 和平不仅仅意味着没有战争。 Her performance was more than good；it was perfect. 她的表演非常好，可以说是完美的。 He more than smiled；he laughed outright. 他岂止是微笑，简直是大笑了。 The consequence was much more than he imagined. 结果远远超过了他的想像。【自我探究】 more than数词，意为比多，超过，相当于over；其后接名词，意为不只是，不仅 仅，表示程度和加强语气；其后接形容词或副词，意为十分，非常；其后接动词，意为 岂止是，不仅仅

15、；其后接从句，意为比更。【归纳拓展】 (1)more.than. morethan.为一个表示比较级的句型，意为“比”。 The problem is more complicated than we expected. 这个问题比我们预料的要复杂得多。 Youve actually given me more help than I need. 你其实没必要给我这么多帮助。 more A than B 相当于not so much B as A，是指“与其B倒不如A”。 He failed to pass the driving test. 他没能通过驾驶考试。 The reason lie

16、s more in his carelessness than in his timidness. 与其说是因为他胆小倒不如说是因为他粗心。 (2)not more than意思是“至多，不超过”，它相当于at (the) most。 Hes only a child of not more than 10. 他仅仅是个不到10岁的孩子。 (3)no more(.)than. no more than后面常接数词，表示数量少，相当于only，意为“仅仅，只有”。 To my surprise，no more than 5 members shared my idea. 令我吃惊的是，只有5个人

17、同意我的观点。 no more(.)than.意为“和一样都不”，表示对前后两方面均否定。 Dont ask him about it.He knows no more than you. 别问他这件事了。他和你一样对此一无所知。【牛刀小试】 短语识境A.more than B .no more than C.more.than D.not.more than (1)Do you need any help，Lucy? Yes.This job is more than I could do myself. (2)My son is a little slow in studying math

18、s. Hes more lazy than slow.He seldom does any exercises. (3)When I first began to work，you know，I could earn no more than 50 dollars every month. (4)Ill not give you more than I can spare.2. .people from England made voyages to conquer other parts.英国人航海去征服其他区 域【品味经典】 He took a voyage to study plants

19、 on that island. 他航海去那个岛上研究植物。【自我探究】 voyage，名词，常构成短语make或take a voyage/voyages，on voyage意为在航海中。【易混辨析】 voyage，journey，travel，tour，trip (1)voyage主要指“乘船作水上旅行”，也可指“空中旅行”。 (2)journey应用范围很广，指“有预定地点的陆上、水上或空中的单程长、短途旅行”， 一般来说，它着重指“长距离的陆上旅行”。 (3)travel(n.)习惯用复数形式。泛指旅行各地，表示旅行的路途远，时间长。此外，travel 还可以作动词用。 (4)tour

20、指“以游览、视察、购物等为目的的旅行”，常含有“最后回到原出发点”的意 思。 (5)trip为一般用语，指“任何方式的、从事业务或游览的旅行”，往往着重于“短途旅 行”，在口语中，可与journey互换。【牛刀小试】 (1)他决定乘飞机去纽约旅行。 He decided to make a journey to New York by air. (2)在航行中他晕船了。 He got seasick on voyage. (3)他要周游全球。 He is going to make a roundtheworld tour. (4)马可波罗游记是我读过的最有意思的书。 The Travels

21、of Marco Polo is one of the most interesting books that I have ever read. (5)因为暴风雪，旅行取消了。 This trip was cancelled because of the snowstorm.3. .and because of that，English began to be spoken in many other countries.因为那一 点，许多国家开始说英语。【品味经典】 He didnt go to school because of his illness. 由于生病他没去上学。 The b

22、us was late because of the heavy snow. 因为大雪公交车晚点了。 He lost the job because he was careless. 因为粗心他失去了这份工作。【自我探究】 because of属介词短语，后跟名词；because是连词，后跟句子。【牛刀小试】 The openair party has been put off the bad weather. A.because of B.because C.instead of D.instead 答案A4. Yes，Id like to come up to your apartment

23、.好啊，我想去你住的地方。【品味经典】 He came up and introduced himself. 他走上前来并作了自我介绍。 The diver came up to the surface to have a deep breath. 潜水员浮到水面深吸了一口气。 The seeds I sowed last week havent come up yet. 上星期我播下的种子还没有发芽呢。 When did these idioms come up? 这些习语是什么时候开始流行的？ Ill let you know if anything comes up. 如果发生什么事的话

24、，我会让你知道的。 The question hasnt come up yet. 这个问题还没有被提出来。 The price is coming up all the way. 价格一直在上涨。【自我探究】 come up，动词短语，无被动语态，意为走近；上来；发芽；流行；发生；被提出；上 升。【归纳拓展】【牛刀小试】 用适当的介、副词填空 (1)The boy came at us with a stick. (2)The price of oil is coming down，making the consumers happy. (3)I came across some photo

25、s when looking through the book. (4)How did the war come about? (5)When is your new book coming out? (6)All the clothes came to $ 1,000.5. It was based more on German than.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础的，而不是 They based the report on facts. 这篇新闻报道完全是以事实为依据的。 We camped at the base of the mountain. 我们在山脚下安营。 Karl Mar

26、x made London the base for his revolutionary work. 卡尔马克思把伦敦作为他的革命根据地。【自我探究】 base，作动词时意为以为基础，常见结构是base.on/upon.或be based on/upon.；作名词时，意为基础；基部；基地。【牛刀小试】 (1)这部电影是以鲁迅的小说为蓝本的。 The film is based on a novel by Lu Xun. (2)容器的底部有个洞。 There is a hole in the base of the container. (3)那个公司的办事处遍布全世界，但总部在巴黎。 That

27、 company has offices all over the world，but their base is in Paris.6. .the English we speak at present.我们目前所说的英语【品味经典】 We havent found the thief at present. 目前我们还没抓到这个贼。【自我探究】 at present意为现在；目前。【归纳拓展】 present the present government现政府 All the people who were present at the meeting were for the plan.

28、 出席会议的人都赞同这个计划。 All the students present are against his advice. 所有在座的学生都反对他的建议。 All the presents should be presented to each students present at the present time. 这些礼物应当送给目前在场的每一位学生。【牛刀小试】 (1)I dont plan to go on holiday at present (目前). (2)大部分到场的科学家表达了他们对当前国家形势的看法。 Most of the scientists present e

29、xpressed their ideas about the present national situation.7. Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.莎士比亚所用的词汇量比任何时候都大。【品味经典】 You must make good use of every opportunity to practise English. 你必须好好利用每一个机会练习英语。 The Internet resources should be made full use of. 网络资源应当得到

30、充分利用。【自我探究】 make use of 意为利用；make good use of意为好好利用；make full use of意为充分利 用，其中use是不可数名词。【归纳拓展】 make the best of 充分利用，善用 make the most of 充分利用，尽量利用 You should make the best/most of this valuable opportunity. 你应该充分利用这宝贵的机会。【牛刀小试】 Full use should be the time to practise speaking more English. A.taken B.made C.taken of D.made of 答案D8. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.在新加坡，马来西亚和非洲一些国家如南非，人们也说英语。【品味经典】 I l