专八语言学选择题及.docx

1、专八语言学选择题及专八语言学试题一1.Linguistics is the scientific study of _. A. a particular languageB. the English languageC. human languages in generalD. the system of a particular language2. The consonant f in English can be correctly described as having the followingphonetic features: _.3.There are different ty

2、pes of affixes or morphemes. The affix ed in the word learned is known as a(n) _.A. derivational morpheme B. free morphemeC. inflectional morpheme D. free form4. In the phrase structure rule S NP VP, the arrow can be read as _.A. is equal toB. consists ofC. hasD. generates5.I bought some roses _ I b

3、ought some flowers. A. entailsB. presupposesC. is inconsistent withD. is synonymous with6.Ys utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of_.X: Who was that you were with last nightY: Did you know that you were wearing odd socks A. qualityB. quantity C. relation D. manner7. C

4、hanges in a language are changes in the grammar of the speakers of theThis means that phonemes, _, words and grammatical rules may beadded, lost or altered.A. phrasesB. sentencesC. morphemesD. utteranceslanguage.borrowed,8.In a speech community people have something in common _a language or a partic

5、ular variety of language and rules for using it.A. sociallyB. linguistically C. culturallyD. pragmatically9. Which of the major mental functions listed below is not under the control of theleft hemisphere in most people _.A. language and speechB. visual and spatial skillsC. reading and writingD. ana

6、lytic reasoning10. In general, the _ stage begins roughly in the second half of the childssecond year.A.babblingB.one-wordC.two-wordD.multiword答案：专八语言学试题二famous quotation from Shakespeares play “Romeo and Juliet ” A rose by any othername would smell as sweet well illustrates _.()conventional nature

7、of languagecreative nature of languageuniversality of languagebig difference between human language and animal communicationthe following sound combinations, only _ is permissible according to thesequential rules in English.()sentence that has a NP and a VP can be shown in a _ formula S NP VP.()diag

8、ramis the _ on Case assignment that states that a Case assignor and a Caserecipient should stay adjacent to each other.()ConditionConditionParameteranalysis is a way to analyze _ meaning.to Searle,those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to somefuture course of action are called

9、 _.()term _ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach whichstudies language change over various periods of time and at various parativeway in which people address each other depends on their age, sex, social group,and personal relationship. The English system of address forms

10、frequently usedincludes first name, last name, title+last name, _,and kin term.+first name+titlealonename+last name+titleand thought may be viewed as two independent circleslanguage and thought are identical or closely parallelthought as subvocal speech, and speech as _.()thoughtthoughtthoughtthough

11、tof the following best states the behavioristoverlappingin some parts. Whento each other, we may regardview of child languageacquisition_.()acquisition is a process of habit formationacquisition is the species-specific property of human beingsare born with an innate ability to acquire languageare eq

12、uipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use答案 专八语言学试题三modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use,and not to lay down rules for correct linguistic behavior, it is said to be _.A.prescriptiveB.sociolinguisticC.descriptiveD.psycholinguistical

13、l the speech organs, the _ is/are the most flexible.A.mouthB.lipsC.tongueD. vocal cordsmorpheme vision in the common word television is a(n) _.A. bound morphemeB. bound formC. inflectional morphemeD. free morpheme_ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word thatintroduces the embedded cl

14、ause.A.coordinatorB.particleC.prepositionD.subordinator5.Can I borrow your bike _ You have a bike.A. is synonymous withB. is inconsistent withC.entailsD.presupposesbranch of linguistics that studies how context influences the wayspeakers interpret sentences is called _.A.semanticsB.pragmaticsC.socio

15、linguisticsD.psycholinguisticschanges may be explained, in part, as analogic changes,which are _ or generalization.A.elaborationB.simplificationC. external borrowingD. internal borrowingrefers to a marginal language of few lexical items andstraightforward grammatical rules, used as a medium of commu

16、nication.A. Lingua francaB.CreoleC.PidginD.Standard language, neurologists and linguists have concluded that, inaddition to the motor area which is responsible for physical articulationof utterances, three areas of the left brain are vital to language,namely, _ .A. Brocas area, Wernickes area and th

17、e angular gyrusB. Brocas area, Wernickes area and cerebral cortexC. Brocas area, Wernickes area and neuronsD. Brocas area, Wernickes area and Exners areato Krashen, _ refers to the gradual and subconciousdevelopment of ability in the first language by using it naturally indaily communicative situati

18、ons.A.learningB.competenceC.performanceD.acquisition答案专八语言学试题四pair of words “lend ”and “borrow ”are _.()oppositesoppositesdiscovery of Indo-European language family began with the work of the Britishscholar.()GrimmRaskBoppWilliam Joneslinguist regards the changes in language and language use as _.()

19、to be fearedfast and fluent speech with good intonation and pronunciation but the content oftheir speech ranges from mildly inappropriate to complete nonsense,often asunintelligible.()s aphasiclinguistic deprivationdamage on the angular gyruss aphasicSouthern learners of English in China tend to say

20、“night”as“light”.Thisshows:.()cannot pronounce/n/interference because there is notthe sound /n/in their mother tongueteachers do not have a good teaching methoddo not like to pronounce nasal soundsword with several meanings is called _worD.()polysemoussynonymousabnormalmultiplefunction of the senten

21、ce “A nice day, isnt it ”is _.()most recognizabledifferencesbetween AmericanEnglishand BritishEnglishare in_ and vocabulary.()with the way in which a language varies through geographical space.()geographysemantic components of the word “gentleman ” can be expressed as _.()A.+animate,+male,+human,-ad

22、ultB.+animate,+male,+human,+adultC.+animate,-male,+human,-adultD.+animate,-male,+human,+adult答案 专八语言学试题五Tick off the correct or the best possible answers:1 One of the properties of language is that a language user can understand and produce sentences he/she has never heard before. This property of l

23、anguage is called _.A.dualityB.productivityC.displacementD.arbitrary2 The _ function refers to the fact that language can be used for establishinga favorable atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanginginformation or ideas.A.phaticB.directiveC.evocativeD.performative Key: A3 F

24、rom a functional approach, the _ meaning of a language use consists of whatis communicated of the feelings and attitudes of the speaker/writer.A.affectiveB.associativeC.stylisticD.collocative Key: A4 When -ing in gangling is removed to get a verb gangle, we call this way ofcreating words _.A.suffixa

25、tionB.back-formationC.blendingD.acronymy Key: B5 _ refers to the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positionsof importance.A.DegradationB.SpecializationC.ElevationD.Extension Key: C6 As we know, every speaker has his own pet words and expressions and special way of expressing his

26、ideas in language. This language variety of individual users is called _.A.idiolectB.regional dialectC.temporal dialectD.social dialect Key: A7 When pitch, stress and length variations are tied to the sentence rather than to the word, they are collectively known as _.A.intonationB.toneC.phonemeD.sen

27、tence stressKey: A8 _ refers to the change of a sound as a result of the influence of an adjacentsounD.A. Addition of soundB. Loss of soundC.MetathesisD.Assimilation Key: D9Basically, all the languages in the world can be classified in terms of language family. Vietnamese and Korean are two languages in the _ family.A.Indo-EuropeanB.Sino-TibetanC.Hamito-SemiticD.Malayo-Polynesian Key: B10A _ is the minimal contrastive unit in the writing system of a language.A.morphemeB.phonemeC.graphemeD.letter Key: C11 All mono-morphemic words are constituted by free mo