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1、论文模板 四川师范大学成都学院本科毕业论文 A Life of Her Own Ednas Struggles for Self-autonomy in The Awakening学生姓名学 号所 在 系外语系专业名称英语班 级2008级班指导教师四川师范大学成都学院二一二年五月（空一行）A Life of Her Own: Ednas Struggles for Self-autonomy in The AwakeningAbstract: The Awakening depicts the process of Edna Pontelliers awakening from a middl

2、e class housewife to a new woman of her age who struggles for self-autonomy.In Chopins age, the American society, southern society in particular, was basically a patriarchal one in which women were constrained in the households all their life time and the only roles they could play were obedient dau

3、ghters, submissive wives and loving mothers. Before her awakening, Edna Pontellier led a conventional life as other women of her age did. She grew up with strict upbringing, later got married and had children. However, deep inside, she was passionate and rebellious. On the Grand Isle, Edna underwent

4、 a profound and painful process of awakening which was both spiritual and physical. . Later she even moved out of her husbands house and declared her independence with a fancy dinner party. Secondly, she tried to take control of her body which she regarded as an integral part of her identity. She ha

5、d an affair with Arobin, satisfying her physical needs, but retained her freedom from male domination. Lastly, with her newly gained insights, Edna abandoned her fantasies about romantic love. She finally understood that Robert was no different from her husband or Arobin who regarded her as objects

6、rather than independent person. In the end, between motherhood and her self, Edna chose the latter. Accepting no compromises rather than a life of her own, Edna chose to embrace the sea and died a whole person.（空1行）Key words: Edna awakening self-autonomy(关键词间空2格，无标点符号；同一关键词的单词间空1格)（空一行）她自己的人生觉醒中埃德娜追

7、求独立自我的斗争学生： 指导教师：内容摘要：肖班的代表作觉醒一书描绘了主人公埃德娜庞蒂利埃由一个中产阶级家庭妇女到一个追求独立自我的新女性的转变过程。在肖班的时代，美国社会基本上仍是一个男权社会，在美国的南方尤为如此。妇女一生都局限在家庭中，只能扮演贤妻良母的角色。在觉醒之前，埃德娜庞蒂利埃像同时代的其他妇女一样，过着循规蹈矩的生活。她从小家教严格，之后结婚生子并忠实地尽一个妻子和母亲的义务。但是，真正的埃德娜是一个充满激情，叛逆的女性。在格兰德岛上，埃德娜开始了一段深刻并且痛苦的觉醒过程。她的觉醒最初始于对婚姻的不满，并在阿黛尔，赖斯小姐以及罗伯特的影响下进一步深化。埃德娜的丈夫莱昂斯的自私

8、和过度的占有欲使埃德娜逐渐意识到自己婚姻的压迫本质。阿黛尔这一格兰德岛上的典型的贤妻良母促使爱德娜开始认识自我，探索自我。同时，赖斯小姐用她那富于感染力的音乐触动了爱德娜心底的激情。而罗伯特则直接激发了埃德娜肉体的觉醒。在发现自我之后，埃德娜先后放弃了两种模式的生活。她既不愿意像阿黛尔那样泯灭自我，也不愿像赖斯小姐那样与世隔绝。埃德娜选择走一条自己的路，为实现自我而展开斗争。首先，她拒绝依靠丈夫生活并试图实现经济独立。从格兰德岛回来之后，埃德娜拒绝履行家庭义务并以绘画谋求经济上的自主。她甚至用自己的钱搬出了丈夫的房子并举办了盛大的晚宴宣告自己的独立。更反叛的是，埃德娜试图控制自己的身体。她和纨

9、绔子弟阿罗宾交往并发生了关系，在整个过程中，埃德娜始终掌握着主动权。随着认识的深入，埃德娜最终放弃了对罗伯特的浪漫幻想。她最终意识到罗伯特和莱昂斯，阿罗宾一样，都把自己当作物而不是平等的人对待。最终，在母性和自我之间，埃德娜毅然选择了后者。既然无法实现自己的生活，不接受妥协的埃德娜选择了走向大海。她虽然失去了生命，但却维护了自我的完整。（空一行）关键词：埃德娜 觉醒 自我（空一行）Table of Contents1. Introduction. .11.1 The reception of the novel .11.2 Purpose and significance of the stu

10、dy 22. Womens position in the Creole society .33. Ednas awakening.53.1 Ednas life before her awakening 53.2 The nature of Ednas awakening 63.3 The Causes of her awakening 73.3.1 Leonces possessiveness. . 73.3.2 Adeles femininity, open manner and sympathy .83.3.3 Madmoiselle Reiszs passionate music.

11、103.3.4 Roberts devotion 114. Ednas choices:.124.1 AdeleA typical “angel in the house” 124.2 Madmoiselle Reiszthe isolated spinster artist 144.3 Ednathe third way: a life of her own 155. Ednas Struggle .166. Conclusion .19Appendix (optional).20Works Cited . .21 目录设计要求：1 采用自动编目，由提纲转换而来的目录，必须采用topic o

12、utline。2 作者可根据选题和行文需要, 自行设计各级标题。A Life of Her Own: Ednas Struggles for Self-autonomy in The Awakening1. Introduction1.1 The reception of the novelFor ages and ages since the publication of The Awakening, there have been ceaseless debates concerning the novel and its protagonist. Readers often wonder

13、 why Edna Pontellier, wife of a devoted husband and mother of two children abandoned her family and her former rich, easy life. In addition, starting from the early reviewers, there is a tendency of overemphasizing the sensual nature of Edna awakening. Quite often reviewers reduce her awakening as s

14、imply a sexual one, equating her struggles as merely an attempt to gain sexual fulfillment while ignoring the fact that it is only part of a more profound spiritual awakening. For example, Kenneth Eble claimed that “quite frankly, the book is about sex” and defined Ednas problem as “the struggles wi

15、th Eros itself” (Bloom 12). Larzer Ziff called The Awakening “the most important piece of fiction about the sexual life of a woman written to date in America” and mentioned nothing about Ednas awakening to a spiritual independence (Culley 174). This paper will argue that instead of being a selfish,

16、foolish woman, Edna Pontellier is a new woman of her age who awakens to her sense of self as an independent individual and struggles financially, sexually and emotionally for self-autonomy. Ultimately, accepting no compromises rather than a life of her own, Edna chooses to embrace the sea and dies a

17、 whole person. Published in 1899, The Awakening was first received with harsh criticism. The Public Opinion even exclaimed that “we are well satisfied when Mrs. Pontellier deliberately swims out in her death” (Culley 151). 正文从阿拉伯数字1开始标页码，底端居中，只需数字，至参考文献结束。What the critics found most uncomfortable we

18、re Chopins evident sympathetic attitudes towards Edna Pontellier, an “immoral” woman who should be condemned. Daniels Rankin, Chopins first biographer, thought highly of Chopin as a local color writer. Nevertheless, he described The Awakening as “exotic in setting, morbid in theme and erotic in moti

19、vation” and doubted whether it was worthwhile to depict such an unconventional protagonist (Culley 163). Willa Cather, a famous woman writer of Chopins age, compared the book to “A Creole Bovary”. While impressed by the novels exquisite and sensitive, well-governed” style, she denounced the theme as

20、 “trite and sordid” (Culley 153). The penalty for its creator was disastrous, even fatal. The book was banned for almost 50 years and it marked a de facto end of Chopins writing career.2. Womens position in the Creole societyIn his “Walden, or life in the woods”, Thoreau declared that “I went to the

21、 woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of lifeand see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived”(Baym, Norton 915). While men enjoyed the freedom of living the way they like, going to the woods and s

22、earching for the meaning of life and doing whatsoever, women were much less fortunate. Even 45 years after the publication of the above essay, most women of Chopins age were still constrained in the households all their lifetime and the only roles they could play were obedient daughters, submissive

23、wives and loving mothers. Despite the fact that womans movement were starting to gather momentum in the 1890s in the United States, women, southern women in particular, still enjoyed little political, economical, and legal rights. According to Margaret Culley, most married women in New Orleans were

24、indeed the property of their husbands at the time when the book was written (Culley 117). In addition, the law clearly stated that “All of a wifes accumulations after marriage were the property of her husband, including money she might earn and the clothes she wore.” Women were seen as “absolutely i

25、ncapable” of testifying in court and they had no rights to vote until the 20th century. In the case of a divorce, women were often robbed of the custody of their children. “Despite social and political advances, women in the 1890s still encountered disadvantages in almost every aspect of their lives

26、, and a majority of the populace still believed that a womans most sacred duty was to be the angel in the house” (Culley 119). In this respect, The Creole women of New Orleans are indisputably honored as the model women of that age, famous for their chastity and virtues. Although the Creole society

27、seems to be quite open, it is a deceptive openness which bases on their womens unquestionable virtues and their confidence of its Patriarchy (Dyer 11).3. Ednas awakening3.1 Ednas life before her awakeningEdna Pontellier, the protagonist, grows up in a Presbyterian family in Kentucky with strict up-b

28、ringing. Her mother died when she was quite young and after that her sister managed the family. Her father is a rigid colonel, who believes that for women, “coercion is what is needed” and “put your foot down good and hard” is “the only way to manage a wife” (Chopin 102). Ironically, it is him who d

29、rove his wife into the grave. Not surprisingly, Edna grows up to be self-contained and reserved, keeping her private thoughts totally to her self. Moreover, she has been trained to obey and to do what is expected of her.6. Conclusion .Works CitedAusten, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. Ed. Henry Churchyar

30、d. 1996. Pemberley, n.d. Web. 10 Sept. 1998.Chopin, Kate. The Awakening. New York: Cambridge UP, 1996.Eggins, Suzanne, and Diane Slade. Analyzing Casual Conversation. London: Cassell, 1997.Nelles, William. “Edna Pontelliers Revolt against Nature.” American Literature Realism 32, no.1 (fall 1999): 43-50.Quirk, Randolph, et al. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman, 1985.Scholes, Roberts. Protocols of Reading. New Haven: Yale UP, 1989.-