初中英语语法宾语从句讲解专项练习及答案.docx

1、初中英语语法宾语从句讲解专项练习及答案英语语法宾语从句讲解小口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受 限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述转化 that弓I，一般疑问用 if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，弓I导词后陈述式。一.基本讲解来源：直接引语变间接引语概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，可做 V谓/介词短语的宾语。e.g. He said, “ I am good at drawing ”.He said he was good at drawing.动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said.介词宾语)1引导词

2、(1) that引导宾语从句时，通常用陈述句充当,that可省略。e.g. She said, “ I want to go there ”She said (that) she wan ted to go there.They all know (that) Jim is good at skat ing.whether或if引导的宾语从句，由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当，陈述语序。e.g. “Are yoUnterested in geography? ” she said.She asked if/whether I was in terested in geography.I won d

3、er if /whether she has told the new to Li Lei .I?m not sure whether he will come or not.注意：一般情况下，whether和if可以互用， 但有些情况例外a. 介词短语后只用whether不用ife.g. We are talki ng about whether well go on the panic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或or not连用时，只用whether.e.g. I can?t say whether or not he will come on timec. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状

4、语从句，表示 ,如果？，不能用whether.e.g. If you want to be a good teacher, it will take times.Whether you can succeed depe nds on how much effort you pay.特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，不可省略，陈述句语序。特殊疑问词为： how , when, where, why ,which whose.What引导宾从时做主语或宾语或表语等。e.g. ,What do you wan t? He asked.He asked me what I wan ted.I have no

5、idea where he is now.I don?t know how to deal with it.He asked whose han dwriti ng is the best in the class.对比下列句子，看what做什么成分：He askedwhat was the wrong/matter with me. （ what 做主语）He does n?t kno wwhat to do now.（做宾语）He asked mewho he was. （who 做表语）2宾语从句时态 a主句为一般现在时，从句不受主句的限制e.g. Do you know if/whet

6、her he has see n the film?I?m sorry to hear that your father is ill.She says she is going to go to Beiji ng n ext week.He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.b当主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的相应某种时态She didn?t knowwhy the boy was late again.(过去一般)I didnt know if/whether he had seen the film.(过去完成)I won dered

7、 whe n she was going to America/过去将来)注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：e.g. He said (that the earth moves round the sun. / that light travels much faster tha n sound)The teacher told us (see ing is believ ing)3语序：陈述语序，主+谓+其他* when will you leave for Beijing? (Could you please tel

8、l meCould you please tell me when you will leave for Beijing?*Has she seen the movie ( He asked)He asked if she had see n the movie.*Could you tell me whats the ma tter/wr ong with you?、宾语从句的转化1当主句谓语动词是 hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等， 且主从句主语一致时可简化为不定式结构。如：e.g. She agreed that she could hel

9、p me with my math.She agreed to help me with my math.2当主句的谓语动词是 know, learn, forget, remember, decid等 后面 有特殊疑问词引导的宾从时，可以简化成 疑问词+不定式结构”如：e.g. She forgot what she should take.she forgot to take it3.当主句谓语动词是find, see watch, hear等感官动词时，从句 常简化为 宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形 式。如：e.g. She found that the wall

10、et lay/was lying on the ground.She found the wallet lie/l ying on the ground.3. 否定转移e.g. I don ?t thi nk he is cool.我认为他并不酷常用词：believe, suppose等4. 注意问题和易错点1. 由粗心大意导致语序的错乱，长从句也只有主谓宾语序，不要受引 导词的影响（可暂时忽略引导词，直接看从句）2. Whether/if用法傻傻分不清（whether是否，if是否/如果）3. 从句中介词短语的介词弄丢e.g. I don?t know who she is looking

11、at.容易丢了 at ）4. 宾从和定从同时出现完全不知所措（宾从是作宾语，谁做了什么，说了什么，谁想知道什么等，定从修饰名词，引导词只有who/that/who/whose/which/as/when/where/why , what 不能用语定从, 只用于宾从）5. 混淆视觉的句子，错当是疑问句e.g. Jim did n?t know what was wrong with his computer.宾语从句专项习题巩固练习1. Have you decided for Australia?A. whe n will you leave B. whe n do you leaveC. y

12、ou will leave whe n D. whe n you will leave2. Can you tell me ?A. where does Tom live B. where Tom livedC. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3. The old man asked m .A. where was the cin ema B. where is the ci nemaC. where the cin ema was D. where was the way to the cin ema4thi nk you will like him.A

13、. that B. if C. why D. how5did n?t kno he will come or not.A. that B. whether C. weather D. how8.Ask him .A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is thisC. 9don?t know .A. what time the movie startsC. the time to start the movieB. what time starts the movieD. the movie what time startsthis is whose cup D.

14、 whose is this cup10. The doctor asked me how long _ _A. was I ill B. have I been illC. I have been ill D. I had been ill11. The weather forecast does n?t say _ _.A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rai n tomorrowC. if it will rai n tomorrow D. if will it rai n tomorrow12. B. whose pen this isD. w

15、hom the pen bel ong toDo you know ?A. whose pen is thisC. whom does the pen bel ong to13. Could you tell me where ?A. the tape was B. was the tapeC. the tape is D. is the tape14. They want to know ?A. where is the hospital B. how old are youC. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying15. T

16、ony wan ted to know .A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocki ngB. whe n Father Christmas had put in his stock ingC. what Father Christmas had put in his stock ingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stock ing16. No one knows _ _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a

17、talk or not.A. whe n B. whether C. where D. if17. July did n?t know_ _.A. where is Tim?s father B. whe n was the first watch madeC. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch18. No one told us , so we n eed your help.A. how should we do B. what we should doC. what to do D. what should we do

18、19. We don?t know _ with the rubbish and it pollutes out landand sea.A. how do it B. how to doC. what do it D. what to do20. He asked me _ _.A. whether I find out the sen der of the moneyB. whether did I find out the sen der of the moneyC. whether the sen der of the money found outD. whether I found

19、 out the sen der of the money he will come tomorrow. B. whether; WhetherD. if; If2. I dont know the day after tomorrow.A. whe n does he come B. how will he comeC. if he comes D. whether hell come3. Could you tell me the n earest hospital is?A. what B. howC. whether D. where4. Could you tell me the r

20、adio without any help?A. how did he mend B. what did he mendC. how he men ded D. what he men ded5. I want to know .A. whom is she look ing after B. whom she is looki ngC. whom is she look ing D. whom she is look ing after6. Do you know where now?A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live

21、7. Do you know what time ?A. the train leave B. does the train leaveC. will the train leave D. the train leaves8. I dont know . Can you tell me, please?A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two playersC. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are11. I don?t kno w he will

22、be back home.A. who B. what C. whe n D. where12. Could you tell me ?A. where do you live B. who you are wait ing forC. who were you wait ing for D. where you live in13. Do you still remember ?A. that he said B. what he saidC. did he say that D. what did he say14. I can?t understand the boy alone.A.

23、why she left y did she leaveC. why she had left D. why had she left15. She told me the sun in the east.A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had rise n16. They tried to find out the new train .A. how far/ had gone B. how long/ has goneC. how far/ went D. how far / had run17. The man ager came up to see .A. wh

24、at was the matter B. what the matter wasC. what the matter is D. what?s the matter18. Can you tell me ?A. what are you doing B. where do you studyC. what you were doing D. what to do it19. He asked his father .A. where it happe ns B. where did it happe nC. how it happe ned D. how did it happe n20. N

25、o one tells us _ so we need your help.A. how we should do B. what should we doC. how to do it D. what to do it直击中考1. Some of my friends are interesting in scienee, but none of them can tell . .A. whe n UFOs will appear n ext timeB. why do horses know the wayC. where was this kind of pla nt foundD. h

26、ow do elepha nts com muni cate2. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China?Sorry. I don?t know . .A. whe n did he go abroad B. why he is going abroadC. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abroad3. -May I come in ? I?m sorry I am late.-Come in, please. But could you please tell me .:A.

27、 why you are late aga in B. what were you doing the nC. who you talked with D. how do you come to school4. -Could you please tell me . ?-Bus No.32 will take you right there.A. where is Henan MuseumB. what Henan Museum is likeC. how can I get to Henan MuseumD. which bus I shall take to Henan Museum5.

28、 Peter says that the Whites are on holiday, but no one knows _A. where they have bee n B. where are they6. -Do you know -Next Friday.A. whe n will they visitC. when did they visitthe Capital Museum?B. whe n they will visit D. whe n they visitedC. where are they from D. where they have gone7. He wan

29、ted to know _ _the En glish party.A. whe n will we have B. whe n we will haveC. whe n would we have D. whe n we would have8. I want to know _.A. when we should arrive at the airportB. when should we arrive at the airportC. whe n the airport we should arrive atD. when the airport should we arrive at9

30、. -David, look at the man in white over there. Can you tell me.?-He is a doctor.A. who is he B. who he is C. what is he D. what he is11. -1 won der without water-About a week.A. how long man can live B. how long can man liveC. whe n man can live D. whe n can man live宾语从句巩固练习参考答案1参考答案D 你决定什么时候去澳大利亚了吗

31、？宾语从句用陈述 语序。2. 参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序，where作从句的宾语。3. 参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序，where表示地点。4. 参考答案A if表示选择，我想你是否将喜欢他。5. 参考答案 B 有or not, 所以用 whether.6. 参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序.7. 参考答案A宾语从句用陈述语序，who作从句的宾语。8. 参考答案A whose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从 句的宾语。9. 参考答案A 宾语从句用陈述语序。10. 参考答案D主句是过去时，从句也要用过去相应的时态，医生 问我之前我已经病了，所以用过去完成时态。11. 参考答案C if连接宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序。12. 参考答案B whose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从 句的宾语。13. 参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序。14. 参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序，时态不受限制。15. 参考答案C 主