介词连词.docx

1、介词连词介词、连词考点一 介词1表时间时，at强调“点”，in强调“段”，on强调“日”和某日的早、中、晚。I got there at eight this morning.今天早上我八点到那。Beijing held the Olympic Games in 2008.北京2008年举办了奥运会。The twin sisters were born on a Friday evening.这对双胞胎姐妹在一个星期五的晚上出生。2表示“在一段时间之后”时，“in时间段”用于将来时，“after时间段”用于过去时。My friend will be back from Beijing in t

2、wo days.我的朋友将在两天后从北京回来。We finished the work after three months.我们在三个月后完成了工作。3表示“延续的一段时间”时，可用“for时间段”或“since过去的时间点”，常与含延续动词的完成时连用。How long have you been in this city?你在这座城市待了多久了？For ten years. 十年。Mr Smith has lived here since 1998.史密斯先生自从1998年就住在这。4表示“直到”或“直到才”时，用“until(till)时间点”。注：till多用于口语，且不能放在句首。

3、She wont be back until(till) July.她到七月份才回来。5“during时间段”表示“在期间”；“by时间点”表示“到为止”，“在之前”，常用于将来时和完成时中。They taught there during 20052008.他们在2005年至2008年期间在那教书。The teacher had already started teaching by the time she got to class.当她到班级的时候老师已经开始讲课了。6表地点时，in表示“范围较大的地方”，强调“空间”；at表示在“范围较小的地方”，强调“点”。I live in Chi

4、na. 我居住在中国。We often wait for the bus at the bus stop.我们通常在公共汽车站等车。7表位置时，in表示“在内”，on表示“在上”(接触表面)，on还可以表示“在两边”“在左/右边”。They are putting up a picture on the wall.他们正在往墙上张贴画。The girl on the right is a famous actress.右边的女孩是一个著名的演员。8over表示在与某物不接触的“正上方”，under与其相对，表示“正下方”。The sky is over our heads. 天空在我们头顶上。

5、The cat is under the table. 那只猫在桌子底下。9above表示“在的上方”，“高于”；below与其相对，表示“在的下面”，“低于”。The temperature will stay above zero in the day time，but at night it will fall below zero again.白天气温将保持在零度以上，但在晚上又将降到零度以下。10“across表面”表示“横过”；“through空间”表示“穿过”、“贯穿”；over表示从上面“越过”。The Changjiang River is too wide for so y

6、oung a boy to swim across.长江太宽了，这么小的孩子游不过去。The plane flew over the high mountains.飞机飞越了群山。The sunshine got into the room through the glass.阳光透过玻璃进入房间。11behind表示“在的后面”，其反义词组“in front of”表示“在的前面”，注意与in the front of 的区别。We must keep our hands behind our backs.我们必须一直把手放在背后。I was walking down the street

7、when a friend of mine stood in front of me.当一个朋友站在我面前时，我正沿着街道散步。12at/in the front of 表示“在里面的前部”，at the back of表示“在里面的后部”，in the middle of 表示“在的中部”。Xiao Ming sits at/in the front of the classroom.小明坐在教室前面。The twin sisters sit at the back of the classroom.那对双胞胎姐妹坐在教室后面。The teacher is standing in the m

8、iddle of the classroom.老师在教室中间站着。13between表示“在两者之间”，包括两个以上的人或物中任何两者之间；among表示“三者或三者以上的人或物中间”。When we talk about the universe，we mean the earth, the sun，the moon，the stars and the space between them.我们谈论宇宙时，指的是地球、太阳、月球和星星以及它们之间的空间。Some supermarkets open between 8：30 am. and 8：00 pm.一些超市在早上8：30到下午8：00

9、之间营业。Do the students know the differences among the four words?学生们知道这四个单词之间的区别吗？14在与方位名词east，west，south，north连用时，in表示“在内部”，to表示“在外部”，on强调“接壤”。Hunan lies on the south of Hubei. 湖南在湖北的南面。Taiwan lies in the east of China. 台湾在中国的东部。China lies to the west of America. 中国在美国的西部。15表示“在上”时，不是都用“on”，有时须用in。在树

10、上：in the tree 用于指树上的鸟，人等；on the tree用于指生长在树上的叶子，果实等。在墙上：in the wall镶嵌在墙内，如窗户，钉子，门；on the wall 在墙的表面上，如地图，挂画等在报纸上： in the newspaper 指报纸上的内容；on the newspaper 用于指放于报纸上的东西，如眼镜16. on the way to 在去-的路途中by the way 顺便说一下They met each other on their way home/to school.他们在回家(去学校)的路上相遇了。By the way, who lost th

11、e money?顺便问一下，谁丢了钱？17表“用”时“with工具、手段”，“by交通工具(单数)”，“in语言、嗓音”。As a middle school student, dont write with a pencil.作为一个中学生，不要用铅笔写字。He always goes to school by bus.他总是坐公共汽车去学校。He told us something interesting in Japanese.他用日语告诉了我们一些有趣的事情。18be made of 从成品上看得出原材料be made from从成品上看不出原材料be made in产地be made

12、 by制造者It is said that this kind of cloth is made of silk and it is made in China.据说这种布料是由丝绸制成的并且由中国制造。This wine is made from grapes.这酒是葡萄酿的。This machine is made by Uncle Wang.这台机器是王伯伯制造的。19介词和动词的固定搭配。(1)同一动词和不同介词的搭配：look at (看) look for(找)look after(照顾) look over(检查)look out of (朝外面看)look (a)round(环

13、视)arrive in大地方(到达)arrive at小地方(到达)hear of (听说)hear from(收到的来信)spend钱on sth.(花钱做某事)spend时间(in) doing sth.(花时间做某事)(2)同一介词和不同动词的搭配：ask for (要求)leave for (动身去)send for (派人去请)pay for (付钱)wait for (等待)agree with sb.(同意某人)begin with (以开始)help with (在方面帮助)catch up with (赶上)get on/along with (与相处)make friend

14、s with (与交朋友)(3)其他的介词和动词的搭配：listen to (听)come from (来自)fall off (从上摔下)try out (试验)knock at/on (敲)prefer.to. (比起来还是好)learn by oneself (自学)take care of (照顾)stop.(from)doing (阻止做)help oneself to食物 (随便吃)get to (到达)thanks to (多亏，由于)20介词和形容词的常见搭配：be good at (在方面好)be weak in (在方面差)be good for (对有好处)be bad

15、for (对有坏处)be late for (迟到)be sorry for (为遗憾，抱歉)be full of (充满)be busy with (忙于)be angry with sb.(对某人生气)be afraid of (害怕)be interested in (对感兴趣)be different from (与不同)be strict with sb.(对某人严格)be strict in sth.(对某事严格)be fond of (喜爱)21be used for(be used to do sth.)意为“被用来做”。介词for表示用途，后接名词或动词ing形式。be us

16、ed by 意为“被使用”，介词by后面接动作的执行者。be used as 意为“被用作”，介词as表示“作为”，be used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做”，to是介词。The stamp is used for sending letters.邮票是用来邮信的。English is widely used by travellers and business people all over the world.英语被全世界的旅行者和商人广泛使用。English is used as the second language in many countries.英语在许多国家被

17、当做第二语言使用。I am used to getting up early every morning.我习惯早晨早起。考点二 连词(一)并列连词并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组或从句。常见的并列连词有and，but，or，for，so，both.and.，either.or.，neither.nor，not only.but also.等。1表示平行或对等关系and和both.and.两者都neither.nor.既不也不not only.but(also).不但而且when就在这时，突然Hold on to your dream，and one day it may just come t

18、rue.坚持你的梦想，总有一天它会实现。Yesterday evening I was playing the piano when the doorbell rang.昨天晚上，当门铃响的时候我正在弹钢琴。2表示转折关系but但是yet然而while然而while常用来表示前后鲜明的对比Its a beautiful place，but there were so many people there that I couldnt find a proper place to take photos.它是一个漂亮的地方，但是有太多的人以至于我不能找到合适的位置拍照。3表示选择关系or或者；否则

19、or else否则not.but.不是而是either.or.或者或者在并列的否定句中，用or代替and构成完全否定，如果所连接的两部分都有否定词，用and而不用or连接。When you are learning English，use it，or you will lose it.当你学英语的时候，要用它，否则你就会丢了它。The shoes dont fit me.Theyre either big or small.这些鞋不适合我，它们不是大就是小。4表示因果推理关系for因为，此时它引导的从句只能位于句尾，前面用逗号隔开。(二)从属连词1引导名词性从句的主要有that(无词义，可省略

20、)，if和whether，whether可与or not连用，它们在句中不作成分，在ask，wonder，not know, want to know，not be sure等后常用whether或if从句，而不用that从句。The foreigner asked me if I could speak English.那个外国人问我是否会讲英语。2引导时间状语从句的主要有when，while，as，after，before，until/till，since，as soon as等。I arrived at the airport after the plane had taken off.

21、飞机起飞后我到达了飞机场。3引导原因状语从句的主要有because，since，as等。More and more kids become unhappy because they have too many activities to do.越来越多的孩子变得不开心，因为他们有太多活动要参加。4引导条件状语从句的主要有if，unless，once等。当从句中需用一般将来时的时候，总是用一般现在时表将来。The sports meeting will continue unless it rains this afternoon.除非下午下雨，否则运动会会继续。5引导目的状语从句的主要有so

22、that，in order that等。6引导让步状语从句的主要有even if，even though，(although)though等。but和(although)though不能同时出现在一个句子中。although 比though更正式。The story is hard to understand though there are no new words in it.尽管里面没有生词，这篇短文还是很难理解。7引导地点状语从句的主要有where等。8引导比较状语从句的主要有than，as等， 在as(so).as中，后一个as是连词，引导比较状语从句。Do you think th

23、at art is as interesting as music?你认为美术和音乐一样有趣吗？9引导方式状语从句的主要有as，as if，as though等。10引导结果状语从句的主要有so，so that，so.that.，such.that.等。The mountain was so steep that few people in our city reached the top.这座山如此陡峭以至于我们市很少有人能爬到顶峰。(三)易混连词1when，while，as三者均可译为“在时候”。when引导的从句，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的。一般来说，当主句的动作正在进行时，

24、when引导的从句的动作才发生；while引导的从句中，动词只能是延续性的，一般来说，当while引导的从句的动作正在进行时，主句的动作才发生；as表示随着短暂动作的发生，另一行为伴随发生。He was riding to school when he was hit by a car this morning.当他被一辆小汽车撞到的时候他正骑车去上学。Youd better turn off the water while you brush your teeth.当你刷牙的时候你最好关掉水。She sang as she walked. 她一边走一边唱歌。2so.that.，such.th

25、at.so形容词a/an可数名词的单数that从句；somany/much/few/little名词that从句；sucha/an形容词可数名词单数that从句；such形容词不可数名词/可数名词复数that从句。Hangzhou is so beautiful a city that lots of visitors come here every year.杭州如此美以至于每年都有许多游客来这里。She is such a good girl that we all like her.她是如此好的一个女孩，以至于我们大家都喜欢她。There are so many students on

26、the playground.操场上有如此多的学生。考点训练1(2011临沂)If you sit in a chair _a long time，your back may begin to hurt. Aat Bin Con Dfor2(2011台州)Shanghai Disneyland has started to be built and it will be open _five years. Ain Bfor Cfrom Dbefore5(2011芜湖)Look! There are so many people in the park.Nobody likes to stay

27、at home _Sunday morning.Ain Bon Cat Dto6(2011河北)This school is different_others.It has many outofclass activities. Aoff Bfrom Cof Dfor8(2011烟台)Can a plane fly _the Atlantic Ocean?Yes，but it needs to go _the clouds for hours.Aacross；through Bthrough；acrossCacross；across Dthrough；through9(2011安徽)What

28、a nice day! We should go sightseeing _watching TV in the hotel.Abecause of Binstead ofCtogether with Dout of11(2011河南)Mr Hu，can you tell us how to learn math well?Sure.But remember nothing can be learned _hard work. Aby Bat Cwithout Dfor12(2011黄冈)Your coat looks very nice.Whats it made_？Cotton，and i

29、t is made_Wuhan.Afrom；in Bof；inCfrom；on Dof；on13(2011扬州)Its very friendly _him to help me when Im in trouble. Afor Bto Cof Dwith14(2011扬州)He had to retire(退休) early _poor health.Aas a result BbecauseCso Dbecause of15(2011广东)Its time _the weather report.Turn on the radio，please. Ato Bin Cat Dfor16(20

30、11福州)_Mary_Alice has joined the music club because they have no time.Its a pity! ABoth；and BEither；or CNeither；nor17(2011临沂)Dont forget to wash your hands_you have meals. Abefore Buntil Cthough Dunless18(2011江西)Come on，_youll be late. Aand Bbut Cor Dso19(2011苏州)Good to see you again.Its almost three years _we met last ti