整理考研英语一真题完整版.docx

1、整理考研英语一真题完整版2019考研英语(一)真题(完整版) 编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2019考研英语(一)真题(完整版)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快 业绩进步，以下为2019考研英语(一)真题(完整版)的全部内容。Section 1Use of EnglishDirections：Read th

2、e following text。 Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A， B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET。 （10 points）Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps， and other navigation apps are available on our smart phones. 1 of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone。 Bu

3、t phones 2 on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. 3 you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you 4 cant find north， a few tricks to help you navigate 5 to civilization， one of which is to follow the land。When you find yourself well 6 a trail， but not in a completely 7 area

4、, you have to answer two questions： Which 8 is downhill, in this particular area？ And where is the nearest water source？ Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys， and on supplies of fresh water。 9 , if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find， you should 10 see signs of people。If youve explored t

5、he area before， keep an eye out for familiar sightsyou may be 11 how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings.Another 12 ： Climb high and look for signs of human habitation. 13 , even in dense forest, you should be able to 14 gaps in the tree line due to roads, train

6、tracks， and other paths people carve 15 the woods. Head toward these 16 to find a way out。 At night， scan the horizon for 17 light sources， such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution。 18 ， assuming youre lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the 19 we le

7、ave on the landscape. Trail blazes， tire tracks, and other features can 20 you to civilization。1.ASome BMost CFew DAll2.AputBtakeCrun Dcome3.ASince B If C Though DUntil4.Aformally B relatively C gradually D literally5.A back B next C around D away6.Aonto BoffCacross Dalone7.AunattractiveB uncrowded

8、Cunchanged Dunfamiliar8.A siteBpoint Cway Dplace9.A So B Yet CInstead DBesides10.Aimmediately B intentionally Cunexpectedly D eventually11.Asurprised Bannoyed Cfrightened Dconfused12.A problem Boption Cview Dresult13.A Above all BIn contrast C On average D For example14.Abridge Bavoid Cspot Dseparat

9、e15.A from B through Cbeyond D under16.A posts Blinks Cshades Dbreaks17.A artificial B mysterious C hidden D limited18.A FinallyB Consequently C incidentally D Generally19. A memories B marksC notesD belongings 20. A restrictB adoptC leadD expose Section ” Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions:Read

10、 the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET。 (40 points）Text 1Financial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives

11、 could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution。 Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit： more long term de

12、cisionmaking not only by banks but also bu all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations.“Shorttermism” or the desire for quick profits， has worsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of Englands top economist。 Andrew Haldane. He quotes a giant of classical economies

13、, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as acting like “Children who pick the plums out of their pudding to eat them at once rather than putting them aside to be eaten last。The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain， he notes, has dropped from seven

14、 years to seven months in recent decades. Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hinder a firms efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. This has been dubbed “quarterly capitalism”.In addition, new digital technologies have allowed

15、more rapid trading of equities, quicker use of information， and thus shortens attention spans in financial markers。 “There seems to be a predominance of shortterm thinking at the expense of longterm investing，” said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in speech

16、 this week.In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to defer performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year， slightly helping reduce “shorttermism。” In its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that “ a substantial part” of executive pay

17、 is now tied to performance.Much more could be done to encourage “long-termism,” such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure of stock acquisitions。 In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company.Within c

18、ompanies， the right compensation design can provide incentives for executives to think beyond their own time at the company and on behalf of all stakeholders. Britains new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance， not just for the short term but for the long te

19、rm。21.According to Paragraph 1, one motive in imposing the new rule is the 。A.enhance bankers sense of responsibilityB.help corporations achieve larger profitsC.build a new system of financial regulationD.guarantee the bonuses of top executives22.Alfred Marshall is quoted to indicate .A.the conditio

20、ns for generating quick profitsB.governments impatience in decisionmakingC.the solid structure of publicly traded companiesD.“short-termism” in economics activities23.It is argued that the influence of transient investment on public companies can be 。A.indirectB.adverseC.minimalD.temporary24.The US

21、and France examples are used to illustrate .A.the obstacles to preventing “shorttermism。B.the significance of longterm thinking。C.the approaches to promoting “long-termism”.D.the prevalence of shortterm thinking。25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text？A.Failure of Quarterly Ca

22、pitalismB.Patience as a Corporate VirtueC.Decisiveness Required of Top ExecutivesD.Frustration of Risk-taking BankersText 2Grade inflation-the gradual increase in average GPAs(grade-point averages) over the past few decades-is often considered a product of a consumer era in higher education， in whic

23、h students are treated like customers to be pleased. But another, related forcea policy often buried deep in course catalogs called “grade forgiveness”is helping raise GPAs.Grade forgiveness allows students to retake a course in which they received a low grade, and the most recent grade or the highe

24、st grade is the only one that counts in calculating a students overall GPA。The use of this littleknown practice has accelerated in recent years， as colleges continue to do their utmost to keep students in school (and paying tuition) and improve their graduation rates. When this practice first starte

25、d decades ago, it was usually limited to freshmen， to give them a second chance to take a class in their first year if they struggled in their transition to college-level courses。 But now most colleges save for many selective campuses， allow all undergraduates， and even graduate students， to get the

26、ir low grades forgiven.College officials tend to emphasize that the goal of grade forgiveness is less about the grade itself and more about encouraging students to retake courses critical to their degree program and graduation without incurring a big penalty. “Untimely,” said Jack Miner， Ohio State

27、Universitys registrar，“we see students achieve more success because they retake a course and do better in subsequent contents or master the content that allows them to graduate on time.That said, there is a way in which grade forgiveness satisfies colleges own needs as well. For public institutions，

28、 state funds are sometimes tied partly to their success on metrics such as graduation rates and student retentionso better grades can， by boosting figures like those， mean more money. And anything that raises GPAs will likely make studentswho， at the end of the day, are paying the billfeel theyve go

29、tten a better value for their tuition dollars， which is another big concern for colleges.Indeed, grade forgiveness is just another way that universities are responding to consumers expectations for higher education。 Since students and parents expect a college degree to lead a job, it is in the best

30、interest of a school to turn out graduates who are as qualified as possibleor at least appear to be. On this， students and colleges incentives seem to be aligned.26.What is commonly regarded as the cause of grade inflation？A. The change of course catalogs.B。 Students indifference to GPAS。C。 Colleges

31、 neglect of GPAS。D. The influence of consumer culture。21.What was the original purpose of grade forgiveness?A.To help freshmen adapt to college learning。B.To maintain colleges graduation rates.C.To prepare graduates for a challenging future.D.To increase universities income from tuition。22.According to Paragraph 5，grade forgiveness enable colleges to 。A.obtain more financial supportB.boost their student enrollmentsC.improve their teaching qualityD.meet local governments needs23.What does the phrase “to be aligned（Line 5, Para.6) most probably mean?