英语问题和答案.docx

1、英语问题和答案Unit11、Do you agree that it is sheer neuron overload on the doctor side that leads to the complaint that doctors do not listen?2、Describe Mrs. Osorios condition. 3、What are the good and bad things about Mrs. Osorios conditions that run through the author s mind?4、Describe the situation when M

2、rs. Osorio might send the authors delicately balanced three-ring circus tumbling down. 5、Compare multitasking in human beings and computers. 6、Use numbers to justify that it is the juggling mind that keeps doctors awake at night. 7、What are possible solutions to the impossible high-wire act of juggl

3、ing competing details and panicking about slipping a critical one?Unit21、What does the author imply by mentioning two choices?2、Describe the heady days of victory declarations and what followed ever since.3、Elaborate on the joined battle.4、Justify “the realization that world health is indivisible”.5

4、、Exemplify the statement that “Every returning condition marches to the beat of a different drum.”6、Vaccination practices are at the heart of the most infectious diseases. Use examples to prove it.7、What are the four areas of focus according to Bob Howard?8、“Old enemies never die.” Justify it medica

5、lly.Unit31、How was Terry s life before she was diagnosed with MS?2、What are the symptoms of MS and autoimmune disease?3、What did Terry do before she self-experimented?4、What approaches did Terry mainly use to deal with neurodegeneration?5、Give one example to illustrate the correlation between toxic

6、load and diseases.6、What does the title “The Seventy Percent Solution” mean?Unit41、Give a brief explanation of the two concepts: complementary medicine and alternative medicine.2、To what extent do you agree with the authors opinion on traditional Chinese medicine as being “affordable，low tech, safe,

7、 and effective”？3、Summarize the clinical uses of acupuncture.4、Do you think the author is overoptimistic in predicting a wider future use of acupuncture in the U.S5、Explain how inappropriate uses of herbs may result in complications.6、Various approaches to herbal study are mentioned in the text. Cho

8、ose one to discuss the advantages and limitations.7、What are the difficulties in investigating herbal therapies?8、What are the factors to consider when we integrate Eastern and Western medicineUnit51、Clarify the differences between disease and dis-ease.2、Share your personal understanding about the c

9、laim that health is a multi-dimensional experience of body, mind and spirit.3、Illustrate the relationship between life on automatic pilot and4、Describe the time of great confusion we live in.5、Comment on 4 a culture that values thinking more than feeling and emphasizes reason over intuitive awarenes

10、s and knowing .6、Explain the process where we change from playing full-out to play it safe, or play not to lose”.7、Explain how wellness can be established8、Make a list of tips on how to become a fully integrated human being.Unit61、How has the end-of-life care changed over time?2、What is said about G

11、eorge?3、What advantages does a hospital have over a nursing home for end-of-life care?4、What is the role of family and friends when the patient is cared for at home?5、What needs to be considered to make comfort care available at home?6、How has the meaning of palliative care changed?7、What might be o

12、ne of the misconceptions about choosing a hospice？Uint71、What difficult situation is the young doctor facing?2、What is paternalistic decision-making in medicine3、In what way can patient empowerment be good for the patient?4、Why does the author say too much physician restraint may not be that good fo

13、r the patient?5、What kind of considerations may have prevented doctors from making decisions for their patients?6、Do you agree that doctors should be prepared to make any decisions together with their patientsUnit81、How are research and practice related to each other?2、What is the principle of respe

14、ct for persons?3、What is the principle of beneficence?4、How is the principle of beneficence related to Hippocratic Oath?5、What concrete examples can be given to illustrate the principle of justice?6、What is informed consent and its application?7、What are the considerations involved in selection of h

15、uman subjects in research？Unit1 1、Some factors that may lead to the complaint:Neuron overloadPatients* high expectationsMistrust and misunderstanding between the patient and the doctor2、 Mrs. Osorios condition:A 56-year-old womanSomewhat overweightReasonably well-controlled diabetes and hypertension

16、Cholesterol on the high side without any medications for itNot enough exercises she should takeHer bones a little thin on her last DEXA scan 3、 Good things: Blood tests done Glucose a little better Her blood pressure a little better but not so great Bad things: Cholesterol not so great Her weight a

17、little up Her bones a little thin on her last DEXA scan 44、The situation:The author was in a moderate state of panic: juggling so many thoughts about Mrs. Osorios conditions and trying to resolve them all before the clock ran down.Mrs. Osorio made a trivial request, not so important as compared to h

18、er conditions.Mrs. Osorio seemed to care only about her “innocent and completely justified request”： the form signed by her doctor.The doctor tried to or at least pretended to pay attention to the patient while completing documentation.5、Similarities:In computer multitasking, a microprocessor actual

19、ly performs only one task at a time. Like microprocessors, we human beings carft actually concentrate on two thoughts at the same exact time. Multitasking is just an illusion both in computers and human beings. Differences:The concept of multitasking originated in computer science.At best, human bei

20、ngs can juggle only a handful of thoughts in a multitasking manner, but computers can do much better.The more thoughts human beings juggle, the less human beings are able to attune fully to any given thought, but computers can do much better.6、7 medical issues to consider5 separate thoughts, at leas

21、t, for each issue7 x 5 = 35 thoughts10 patients that afternoon35 x 10 = 350 thoughts5 residents under the authors supervision4 patients seen by each resident10 thoughts, at least, generated from each patient5 x 4 x 10 = anther 200 thoughts350 + 200 = 550 thoughts to be handled in total If the doctor

22、 does a good job juggling 98% of the time, that still leaves about 10 thoughts that might get lost in the process.7、Possible solutions:Computer-generated remindersCase managersAncillary servicesThe simplest solution: timeUnit2 1、The author implies: Peoples inadequate consciousness about the conseque

23、nce of neglecting the re- emerging infectious diseases Unjustifiability of peoples complacency about the prevention and control of the infectious diseasesUnfinished war against infectious diseases2、Victory declarations:Surgeon General William Stewarts hyperbolic statement of closing “the book on inf

24、ectious disease”.A string of impressive victories incurred by antibiotics and vaccinesThe thought that the war against infectious diseases was almost over What followed ever since:Appearance of new diseases such as AIDS and EbolaComeback of the old afflictions: Diphtheria in the former Soviet Union

25、TB in urban centers like New York City Rising Group A streptococcal conditions like scarlet feverThe fear of a powerful new flu strain sweeping the world3、Elaborate on the joined battle:WHO established a new division devoted to worldwide surveillance and control of emerging disease in October 1995.C

26、DC launched a prevention strategy in 1994.Congress raised fund from $6.7 million in 1995 to $26 million in 1997.4、The borders are meaningless to pathogenic microbes, which can travel from one country to another remote country in a very short time.5、TB:Prisons and homeless shelters as ideal places fo

27、r TB spreadEmerging of drug-resistant strain or even multi-drug-resistant strainA ride on the HIV won by attacking the immunocompromised Group A strep:A change in virulenceMutation in the exterior of the bacterium Flu:Constant changes in its coat (surface antigens) and resultant changes in its level

28、 of virulence6、Examples:Experiment in England is seeing the waning immunity because of no vaccination.Due to poor vaccination efforts, the diphtheria situation in the former Soviet Union is serious. The vaccination rates are dropping in some American cities, and it will lead to more diphtheria and w

29、hooping cough.7、The four areas of focus:The need for surveillanceUpdated science capable of dealing with discoveries in the fieldAppropriate prevention and controlStrong public health infrastructure8、The infectious diseases such as TB, flu, diphtheria and scarlet fever will never really go away, and

30、 the war against them will never end.Unit31、Terrys life beforeShe loved practicing Tae Kwon DoShe loved the surge of adrenaline that came with the controlled combat of tournaments.She competed nationally, even won bronze medal in the trials for the Pan American Games.She attended medical school, pra

31、cticed as an internal medicine resident, and became an academic general internist.She got married and got a son and a daughter.2、The symptoms of MS and autoimmune disease: Loss of stamina and strength Problems with balance Bouts of horrific facial pain Dips in visual acuity 3、Terry did the following before she self-experimented: She started injections. She adopted many pharmacotherapies. She began her own study of literature: She read articles on websites such as PubMed. She searched for articles testing new MS drugs in animal models. She t