最新总结五年高考英语阅读理解D 篇全汇总解析版.docx

1、最新总结五年高考英语阅读理解D 篇全汇总解析版2015-2019 高考阅读理解D篇 1.(2019全国卷D) 话题:检验学业的前沿阵地词数:283难度:Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts.The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station,so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.How is NASA over

2、coming this very tiny big problem? Its turning to a bunch of high school kids.But not just any kids.It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms,like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport,New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high

3、school classrooms with NASA engineers.For the past two years,Gordons students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity,and they think theyre close to a solution(解决方案).“We dont give the students any breaks.They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold,a project mana

4、ger.“There are no tests,” Gordon says.“There is no graded homework.There almost are no grades,other thanAre you working towards your goal? Basically,its Ive got to produce this product and then,at the end of the year,present it to NASA. Engineers come and really do an in-person review,and.its not a

5、very nice thing at times.Its a hard business review of your product.”Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills.“These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.I dont teach.” And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students a

6、re emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem,readying a workable solution to test in space.【文章大意】困扰着美国航天员的细菌问题会如何解决?这一问题求助于一群学生。Gordon领导的学生们一直忙于解决零重力下细菌的问题,他们没有别的作业,一直忙于他们的目标,帮助航天员解决细菌的问题。他们每天都通过HUNCH项目和航天员联系,准备在太空检测可行的解决方法。32.What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space

7、Station?A.They are hard to get rid of. B.They lead to air pollution.C.They appear in different forms. D.They damage the instruments.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句.grow uncontrollably.,so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.可推知细菌在太空很难除去。33.What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?A.To strengthe

8、n teacher-student relationships. B.To sharpen students communication skills.C.To allow students to experience zero gravity. D.To link space technology with school education.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段特别是第一句话可推知中学的课堂和美国国家航空和航天局的工程师通过HUNCH项目联合,再结合第四段的第一句话可知其目的是实现学校教育和太空科技的接轨,让学生更好地去进行研究。故选D项。34.What do the NAS

9、A engineers do for the students in the program?A.Check their product. B.Guide project designs. C.Adjust work schedules. D.Grade their homework.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的Ive got to produce this product and then,at the end of the year,present it to NASA.和最后一段的最后一句Gordon says his students are emailing daily

10、with NASA engineers about the problem,readying a workable solution to test in space.可知学生会把研究结果让工程师在太空检测,以验证他们的方法是否可行。故选A项。35.What is the best title for the text?A.NASA: The Home of Astronauts B.Space: The Final Homework FrontierC.Nature: An Outdoor Classroom D.HUNCH:A College Admission Reform【解析】选B。

11、主旨大意题。HUNCH项目将中学研究项目和美国国家航空和航天局的问题联系在一起,学生研究解决方法并在太空得以验证。故可称之为太空是检验学生研究项目的前沿阵地。故选B项。【难句剖析】It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms,like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport,New York.分析:It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school

12、 classrooms是主句,like是介词,后面接宾语the one,在the one后是一个省略了关系代词的定语从句,关系代词that作lead的宾语,可省略。翻译:这个问题取决于美国国家航空和航天局HUNCH中学的课堂,就像位于纽约费尔波特的费尔波特中学的科学老师Gene Gordon和Donna Himmelberg领导的项目一样。2.(2019全国卷D) 话题:科普知识词数:329难度:Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associ

13、ate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward.The researchers then tested how the monkeys combinedor addedthe symbols to get the reward.Heres how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone,who led the team,descri

14、bed the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens.On one part of the screen,a symbol would appear,and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown.For example,the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8.If the monk

15、eys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle,they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers17 in this example.After running hundreds of tests,the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values mo

16、re than half the time,indicating that they were performing a calculation,not just memorizing the value of each combination.When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely,they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate(低估)a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were

17、close in valuesometimes choosing,for example,a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6.The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers,the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two,and then added only a fraction(小部分)of the smaller number to it.“This indicates that there is a certain way

18、quantity is represented in their brains,”Dr.Livingstone says.“But in this experiment what theyre doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”【文章大意】本文为说明文。文章介绍了哈佛医学院Margaret Livingstone所主持的对经过训练的猴子进行的实验。实验表明猴子具有一点儿数字计算能力,而不是单纯靠记忆力来做出选择。32.What did the researchers do to the m

19、onkeys before testing them?A.They fed them. B.They named them. C.They trained them. D.They measured them.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters.可知,一组研究人员训练了三只恒河猴将26个明显不同的符号联系起来,这些符号

20、由数字和选择性字母组成。故选C。33.How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?A.By drawing a circle. B.By touching a screen. C.By watching videos. D.By mixing two drinks.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段句子In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens.可知,科学家在猴子的笼子里放进触摸屏。猴子通过触摸屏幕的不同部位得到不同的奖赏。故选B。34.What di

21、d Livingstones team find about the monkeys?A.They could perform basic addition. B.They could understand simple words.C.They could memorize numbers easily. D.They could hold their attention for long.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段句子After running hundreds of tests,the researchers noted that the monkeys would go fo

22、r the higher values more than half the time,indicating that they were performing a calculation.可知,在进行了数百次测试之后,研究人员注意到,猴子们超过一半的次数会选择更高的值,这表明它们正在进行一次计算。故选A。35.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A.Entertainment. B.Health. C.Education. D.Science.【解析】选D。推理判断题。文章介绍了科学家的实验,所以此报道应该属于报纸的科学栏

23、目,所以选D。【难句剖析】After running hundreds of tests,the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time,indicating that they were performing a calculation.剖析:此句中After running hundreds of tests是时间状语,主句中谓语noted后面接that引导的宾语从句。indicating that they were performing a cal

24、culation是现在分词短语作结果状语。more than超过,多于。翻译:在进行了数百次测试之后,研究人员注意到,猴子们选择更高值的次数超过一半,这表明它们正在进行。3人物传记类 (2019江苏高考D) 话题:人物传记 词数:652 难度:The 65-year-old Steve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimers (阿尔兹海默症).He was losing his memory.A software engineer by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano,

25、and the only musician in his family.Music was his true passion, though he had never performed outside the family.Melissa, his daughter, felt it more than worthwhile to save his music, to which she fell asleep each night when she was young.She thought about hiring a professional pianist to work with

26、her father.Naomi, Melissas best friend and a talented pianist, got to know about this and showed willingness to help.“Why do this?” Steve wondered.“Because she cares.” Melissa said.Steve nodded, tears in eye.Naomi drove to the Goodwin home.She told Steve shed love to hear him play.Steve moved to the

27、 piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers on the keys.Naomi put a small recorder near the piano.Starts and stops and mistakes.Long pauses, heart sinking.But Steve pressed on, playing for the first time in his life for a stranger.“It was beautiful.” Naomi said after

28、 listening to the recording.“The music was worth saving.”Her responsibility, her privilege, would be to rescue it.The music was sill in Steve Goodwin.It was hidden in rooms with doors about to be locked.Naomi and Steve met every other week and spent hours together.Hed move his fingers clumsily on th

29、e piano, and then shed take his place.He struggled to explain what he heard in his head.He stood by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time to his own work being played by someone else.Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code:lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a song in a

30、 new key.Steve heard it.All of it.He just couldnt play it.Working with Naomi did wonders for Steve.It had excited within him the belief he could write one last song.One day, Naomi received an email.Attached was a recording, a recording of loss and love, of the fight.Steve called it “Melancholy Flowe

31、r”.Naomi heard multiple stops and starts, Steve struggling, searching while his wife Joni called him “honey” and encouraged him.The task was so hard, and Steve, angry and upset, said he was quitting.Joni praised him, telling her husband this could be his signature piece.Naomi managed to figure out 1

32、6 of Steves favorite, and most personal,songs.With Naomis help, the Goodwin family found a sound engineer to record Naomi playing Steves songs.Joni thought that would be the end.But it wasnt.In the months leading up to the 2016 Oregon Repertory Singers Christmas concert, Naomi told the director she had a special one in mind: “Melancholy Flower.”She told the director about her project with Steve.The director agreed to add it to the playing list.But Naomi would have to ask Steves perm