1997年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题及参考答案.docx

1、1997年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题及参考答案1997年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题及参考答案Part II Cloze Test Directions:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A),B),C),D). Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (10 points

2、) Manpower Inc., with 560,000 workers, is the worlds largest temporary employment agency. Every morning, its people 41 into the offices and factories of America, seeking a days work for a days pay. One day at a time 42 industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive 43 reducing the

3、 number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming. 44 its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part timers and temporary workers. This 45 work force is the most important 46 in American business today, and it is 47 changing the relationshi

4、p between people and their jobs. The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 48 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 49 by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans. For workers it can mean an end to the security, benefits and sense of 50 that came

5、 from being a loyal employee. 41. A)swarm B)stride C)separate D)slip 42. A)For B)Because C)As D)Since43. A)from B)in C)on D)by 44. A)Even though B)Now that C)If only D)Provided that45. A)durable B)disposable C)available D)transferable 46. A)approach B)flow C)fashion D)trend 47. A)instantly B)reverse

6、ly C)fundamentally D)sufficiently48. A)but B)while C)and D)whereas 49. A)imposed B)restricted C)illustrated D)confined 50. A)excitement B)conviction C)enthusiasm D)importance Part III Reading Comprehension Directions:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there a

7、re four answers marked A),B),C) and D). Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (40 points) Passage 1 It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken.

8、 After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australias Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immedi

9、ately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the groups on line service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: “We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isnt just something tha

10、t happened in Australia. Its world history.” The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally III law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right to

11、life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia where an aging population, life extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part other states are going to

12、consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the right to die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling. Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death probably by a deadly injection or pill

13、 to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off” period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54 year old Darwin resident suffering from lung c

14、ancer, the NT Rights of Terminally III law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. “Im not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how Id go, because Ive watched people die in th

15、e hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,” he says. From the second paragraph we learn that _ . A)the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countries B)physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasia C)changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hasty pas

16、sage of the law D)it takes time to realize the significance of the laws passage When the author says that observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling, he means _. A)observers are taking a wait and see attitude towards the future of euthanasia B)similar bills are likely to be passed in th

17、e US, Canada and other countries C)observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoes D)the effect taking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will _. A)face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia B)experience the suffering of a lun

18、g cancer patient C)have an intense fear of terrible suffering D)undergo a cooling off period of seven days The authors attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of _. A)oppositionB)suspicionC)approvalD)indifference Passage 2 A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly

19、, courteous, and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions. Small minded officials, rude waiters, and ill mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown i

20、n the US Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence. Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one

21、another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world. The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or sett

22、lement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: if you didnt take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situat

23、ion. Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. “I was just traveling through, got talki

24、ng with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner amazing.” Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as t

25、he result of a historically developed cultural tradition. As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily meant that someone understands s

26、ocial and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to “translate” cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word “friend”, the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitors language and culture. It takes m

27、ore than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many American value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers. In the eyes of visitors from the outside world, _. A)rude taxi drivers are rarely see

28、n in the US B)small minded officials deserve a serious comment C)Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors D)most Americans are ready to offer help It could be inferred from the last paragraph that _. A)culture exercises an influence over social interrelationship B)courteous convention and in

29、dividual interest are interrelated C)various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friends D)social interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers _. A)to improve their hard lifeB)in view of their long distance tr

30、avel C)to add some flavor to their own daily lifeD)out of a charitable impulse The tradition of hospitality to strangers _. A)tends to be superficial and artificial B)is generally well kept up in the United States C)is always understood properly D)was something to do with the busy tourist trails Pas

31、sage 3 Technically, any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug. Many people mistakenly believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts. They dont realize that familiar substances such as alcohol and tob

32、acco are also drugs. This is why the more neutral term substance is now used by many physicians and psychologists. The phrase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine. We live a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigaret