初二英语下知识点复习指导Microsoft Word 文档.docx

1、初二英语下知识点复习指导Microsoft Word 文档初三英语（上）知识点复习指导Unit 4 He said I was hard-working一、课文重点、难点、考点解释1、 She said she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night.分析：宾语从句的时态呼应问题：当主句是一般现在时，从句根据需要可用各种时态。当主句是一般过去时，从句也用表示过去的时态（过去时、过去将来时、过去完成时等）。当从句表示客观规律、谚语、自然现象时，用一般现在时。如：I hear that my sister is going swim

2、ming.she told me that my sister was going shopping.My father told us that light travels faster than soundsurprise, 注意辨析surprised, surprised.2、Lana said she wasnt mad at Marcia anymore.分析：be/got mad at/with sb. 对某人恼火 =be angry with sb.如：Dont be mad at mebe mad at sb. for (doing sth.) 对某人做某事恼火Mother w

3、as mad at (with) me for watching TV for hours.be mad for 非常想要She is mad for playing computer games.be mad about 对迷得发狂he is mad about football anymore adv. 用于肯定句，表“再，还”；用于否定句，表“不再，再不”，相当于any more，侧重于今后不再。如：Our classmates play soccer anymore.She doesnt want to do it anymore.辨析：notany more（no more）与not

4、any longer(no longer)notany more和not any longer都表示“不再”，not any more侧重于表示“次数上或程度上的不再”而notany longer则侧重于表示“时间上的不再”。如：The baby is not crying any more= the baby is no longer crying.I cant stand it any longer= I can no longer stand it.3、Lana told Marcia she would bring some books to her house on Friday n

5、ight.分析： 该句为复合句。主句用一般过去时，从句用过去将来时。He said he would be a scientist.注意辨析 bring, take, fetch, get and carrybring本意“拿”，应从远处带。 如：Please bring my books to me.take 是“带走”不再返回来。如：Please take my books to my house.carry搬重物，手“搬”加车“载”。如：I cant carry the heavy box.get= fetch方向明，走去拿回来, 表示从说话人所在的地点出发，到达指定地点拿到所需之物后再

6、返回说话处。如：Please get some chalk for me, Tom.Have.with，强调“随身带”。He has nothing with him expect a book.【典型例题】用take，get，bring，carry，have填空。(1)、Can you _ your son to school next Sunday, I want to make friends with him.(2)、I want to _ him to Beijing tomorrow.(3)、He helps the old man _ the water.(4)、Would yo

7、u like to _ food for me, Im hungry.(5)、I _ no money _ me.Key：(1)、bring (2)、take (3)、carry (4)、get/fetch (5)、have, with4、First of all, Marcia told Ben she was having a surprise party for Lana.分析：first of all, 首先、最重要的，常用作插入语，表示顺序。如：First of all, you should wash the fruits.First of all, let me tell you

8、 the news. 首先，让我告诉你这个消息。 a surprise party. 惊喜聚会。Surprise 为惊奇、另人想不到的事。修饰party做定语。注意：名词作定语的情形。名词作定语的短语变复数时，通常只需要把中心词边复数，做定语的名词一般不变，但man、woman表性别做定语修饰名词时，同样的也要变成复数。如：There are some banana trees on the island.There are over 50 women teachers in our school.5、pass on the message pass on 传递，常含有继承之意，注意pass

9、on 的结构。如：When he got the message, he passed it on to others. message, 信息、口信、消息。常用于一下的结构：leave a message,take a message for sb.send/give a message to sb.如：Would you like to leave a message to her.6、You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it.be supposed to do sth. 被期望/应当做某事,相当

10、于should。如：you are supposed to learn a lot.Children are not supposed to play in the garden.7、Im good at speaking.分析：be good at/ for/ to辨析： be good at表示“在方面（学得、做得）好，擅长于”。如：He is good at Maths.注：be good at =do well inShe is good at English.=She does well in English.be good for 表示“对有益处（好处），有利于”。如：Taking

11、 a walk after supper is good for your health.注：be good for 的反义词组为be bad for。如：Watching TV much is bad for your eyes.过多看电视对你的眼睛有害。be good to 表示“对和善（仁善）”，相当于be kind to 。如：She is very good to her students.8、I finished my end-of-year exams last week and got my report card today.分析：finish (doing) sth. 结束

12、，完成（做）某事。如：I didnt finish my homework until 10 last night.I will finish doing the work in two days.9、Its just that I find science really difficult.。分析： 该句是强调句，原句是：I just find science really difficult.强调句的结构：It is (was) + 强调部分that (who).。如：It was him who saw the accident happened.It was last night th

13、at I met him in the street. just adv.在该句中无实际意义，起强调作用。He is just about there.She is just only 10.10、Another disappointing result was in history.分析：disappointing adj.令人失望的，令人扫兴的，使人不痛快的。如：He finished the marathon in a disappointing 12th place.辨析：disappointing, disappointed(1) disappointing 表示“令人失望的”，通常

14、用于事物给人的感觉。如：Your work is really disappointing.注意：若用于“人”，则表示该人令别人失望。The boy was very disappointing. 这男孩很令人失望。(2) disappointed 表示“失望的”、“感到失望的”，通常用以说明“人”自己的感觉。如：She looks disappointed.。I am very disappointed with my new bike.若用于修饰 voice, look, expression, appearance, manner等名词，则表示与之相关名词的逻辑主语感到失望。比较：We

15、noticed a disappointing look on his face. 我们注意到他脸上一种令人失望的表情。(“他”并不失望，但见了他表情的人会失望)We noticed a disappointed look on his face. 我们注意到他脸上有一种失望的表情。(感到失望的是“他”，不是别人)12、It all started when she asked me if she could copy my homework.。分析：if的用法： 如果，假如，若，用于引导条件状语从句，从句表将来时用一般现在时，而主句用一般将来时（主将从现）。如：I will go shopp

16、ing if it doesnt rain tomorrow. 是否，用于引导宾语从句，从句表将来时用一般将来时。I know if he will be back tomorrow.【典型题例】 Were not sure if it _ tomorrow. If it _, we wont climb the South Hill.A. will snow; snows B. will snow; will snowC. snows; snows D. snows; will snow答案与解析：答案为A项。题干中前句if引导的是宾语从句，后句if引导的是条件状语从句，故选A项。 Fran

17、k _ to see his grandma if he _ free tomorrow.A. will come; will be B. comes; isC. will come; is D. comes; will be答案与解析：答案为C项。题干中if引导的是条件状语从句，故选C项。 Do you know when Dr White _ for dinner this evening?-No, but I think he _ when he is free.A. will come; come B. will come; will comeC. comes; comes D. co

18、mes; will come答案与解析：答案为B项。题干中前句when引导的是宾语从句，后句引导when引导的是时间状语从句，故选B项。13、I can do better in math.分析：do well in 在.方面做的好，=be good at 反义词为：do badly in, be weak/poor in. 如：He does well in English=he is good at English.In English, I am better at reading than listening.14、I hope you are in good health.分析：in

19、 good health, 身体健康， = be healthy, in 表示处于.状态。类似的结构有：in danger, in order. 其反义词为：in bad /poor health. 如：Her grandfather is in good health= her grandfather is healthy.15、I had a really hard time with science this semester.分析：have a hard time, 费事、费劲。一般用于如下的结构：have a hard tiem (in) doing sth. 表示所做的事情费劲。也

20、可以用have a hard time with sth. 如：We had a hard time in winning the match.16、I said it would start a bad habit and that she should do her own work.分析：habit主要用法：(1) 习惯，习性，可作可数名词或不可数名词。例如：I smoke out of habit /by habit, not for pleasure.我因习惯而非为了乐趣而抽烟。（out of habit / by habit出于习惯）(2) fall /get into the h

21、abit of sth /doing sth.=start a habit 染上习惯。例如：He fell /got into the habit of going away every Saturday morning.(3) have /be in a /the habit of 有的习惯。例如：He has the habit of getting up early.(4) It is a habit with sb to do sth. 某人有的习惯。例如：It was a habit with Tom to put his hands in his trousers pockets.

22、17、Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not sound like fun to you. However, it changed the life of Yang Lei from Beijing.分析：(1) sound like听起来像Your idea sounds like a good one.(2) change vt.改变，更改，转变She used to change her dress every day. 她过去常常每天换一次衣服。（used to

23、 do sth. 过去常常干某事）In autumn the leaves change from green to yellow. 秋天树叶由绿变黄。change ones mind 改变主意18、Every year they send 100 volunteers to teach in Chinas rural areas.(1) send用法send表示“送、寄”(让人送，不是亲自送)Ivesenthimseveralletters. 我寄了几封信给他。sendfor“派人请”Heisill，pleasesendforadoctor.sendaway“撵走，开除”Thebosssen

24、thimaway. 老板给他开除了。sendup发射Man-madesatelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.(2) volunteer用法 可数名词：志愿者Some volunteers are cleaning up the room for the old woman. 不及物动词。volunteer to do sth. 自愿去做，主动请求去做某事。We all volunteered to clean the room for the old woman.6. Life in the mountains was a new ex

25、perience for Yang Lei.19、Her village was 2000 meters above sea level, and at first the thin air made her feel sick.分析：above用法 表示“在上方”、“高于”(与 below 相对)。如：The sun rose above the horizon.The plane flew above the clouds. 表示在地位、级别、能力、资历、重要性等方面“超过”、“在之上”、“比强”。如：He is above the others in ability. 他的能力优于其他人

26、。He is above me in every way. 他各个方面都比我强。As a scholar, he is far above me. 作为一个学者，他远远超过了我。 表示在程度或限度等方面“超过”、“超越”等，这类短语通常用作表语。如：The book is above me (my understanding). 这本书我读不懂。The lecture was above the heads of most of the audience. 大部分听众听不懂这个演讲。His heroism was above (beyond) all praise preiz. 他的英勇行为

27、非言辞所能赞扬。注：以上用法中的 above 有时可用 beyond 代之，尤其是其后接的是人称代词或人名时。如：The problem is above (beyond) me. 这个问题我不懂。(2) sea level海平面，above sea level海拔Mount Qomolangma is 8844.43 meters above sea level. 珠穆朗玛峰海拔8844.43米。辨析：above, over and onabove, 表示地理，空间位置，无垂直之意，可指高于，但不接触另一方，反义词尾below。如：The temperature will stay abov

28、e zero in the day time.over, 指一物体在另一物体的垂直上方，表示在.正上方，也不接触另一物，反义词为under。如：the light is over my head.on, 表示在上面，常与另一物接触，反义词为beneath. 如：there are some books on the desk. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事，让某人做某事。如：He made me stay for tea.二、语法详解直接引语和间接引语(1) 直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内

29、，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said，asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时等。如：Tom said to me, “My brother is doing his homework.”Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化；

30、根据意义进行相应的变化。例如：She asked Jack, “Where have you been?” She asked Jack where he had been.He said, “These books are mine.” He said that those books were his.(2) 直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。.陈述句的间接引语陈述句由直接引语变间接引语，通常由that引导，可以省略。“I want the blue one.” he told us. “我想要蓝色的。” 他说。He told us that he wanted the blue one.他说他想要蓝色的。She said to me, “You cant settle anything now.”她对我说：“此刻你无法解决任何事情。”She told me that I couldnt settle anything then.她对我说那时候我无法解决任何事。. 疑问句的间接引语直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序，句末用句号，动词时态等的变化与间接陈