四级考前听力必背词汇短语集锦.docx

1、四级考前听力必背词汇短语集锦 四级考前听力必背词汇短语集锦 在考前复习阶段，我对高频词汇进行了重点总结、归类，希望大家再次熟悉，相信一定会对今年的听力部分成绩的提高。重点主题短语词汇分析(必备+必背)Campus life 校园生活(短对话重点)1. 作业词汇：assignment/assigned book (必读书目 10年6月第11题)paper essays(07-6听写答案) book/research report 读书报告，composition 作文textbook教科书，reference book参考书(07-6听写答案) copy 副本搭配词汇还有：be through

2、with sth 结束，完成(两次考到)due 到期， have sbs hands full with sth 忙于做某事(07-12)2. 课程形式词汇：Seminar(06-6、07-6-词汇，研讨会)原句： do you have the seminar schedule with you? (你有研讨会的日程表么？)optional course/elective (选修课) evening/day course (晚间/白天课程 09-12词汇)compulsory course/requirement (必修课) presentation (多次考到，展示或演示课)搭配词汇： h

3、ardly/barely stay awake (无法保持清醒。三次考到，最新10-6考点)09年以来的一些新课程名称：advanced physics (高级物理)， data processing (数据处理)， computer programming (计算机程序)biology 生物3 名称：freshman(大一)， sophomore(大二)， junior(大三)， senior(大四)(05年考点)graduate(毕业生)， undergraduate (在校生，本科生)， postgraduate (研究生)tutor(导师)， graduate school (研究生院

4、)新内容：减肥与健康(自09年起至10年12月多次出现)gym 健身房overweight=out of shape 胖 ，dieting 节食， lose weight 减肥， slim 苗条larger waist 腰有些肥(可以指人也可以指服装) ，physical training 身体锻炼weight-lifting 举重Job hunting 求职 (长对话重点)short list 候选人名单(2010-12)， job vacancy 职位空缺(2010-12)job applicant/ candidate 候选人(多次考到), apply for application (

5、2008/09/10)Position/post (多次考到,职位), resume (简历，注意发音，多次考到)recruit (连续考到。招聘) , reputation(多次考到)resign (辞职，多次考到)benefit (package) (福利，两次考到), paid vacation (带薪假期)social security (美国的社会保险), relocation expenses (异地补偿费用)phased retirement (08-12 阶段性退休), be laid off (解雇 09-12考点)hotel consultant (08-6 酒店咨询),

6、sales manager(08-12 销售经理)Administrative work (08-12 行政工作)2008-6:the job will involve much train travel (工作中会经常有火车旅行的机会)tell me about your present job.。.2008-12There were about 20 candidates competing for the sales managers job. And finallyit was down to three of us, but the other two seemed better q

7、ualified(合格)。(20个候选人竞争销售经理的职位。最后就剩我们三个了，不过那两个人看起来胜算更大。)promotion(09-6/12连续考到)2009-6 : I heard about your promotion, you must be thrilled。(我听说你升职了，你开心死了吧)not really, the new office is huge, but the work load has doubled。(也不见得，新办公室挺大的，但是工作量也翻倍了)2009-12 : Arent you disappointed that you didnt get the p

8、romotion?2010-06 19.C): It enables him to apply theory to practice 能够让他把理论应用于实际22.A): Getting along well with colleagues 与同事和睦相处2010-12 25 C) :Send in a written application as soon as possible 尽快发来书面申请机场(飞机上) 重点1.机场地点Security check(安检处), Gate(登机口) ,Terminal (航站楼)Check-in counter (换票柜台), Customs (海关)

9、2. 机场人物Airhostess/stewardess (空姐), steward (空哥、空少) flight attendant (飞机乘务员)3. 飞机动作Take off/land (起飞、降落) ,ascend/descend(上升、下降)postpone/delay/cancel (推迟、延迟、取消)最近题目例句：(200712)I hope you are packed and ready to leave. (我希望你已经打包完毕准备出发了)I have packed my passport in one of my bags. (我把护照装在一个包里了)餐厅1.点菜：Ord

10、er menu wine list (酒单),2. 埋单：Check the bill please!(埋单), Treat (请客), split the bill (分开付)酒店 次重点最新考点(2010-6) washing-up 洗碗工作过往考点(20076/12)Reservation (高频词，预定), honeymoon suite (07年6月词汇，蜜月套间)hotel clerk (07年6月词汇，等于receptionist), discount (07年6月词汇， 折扣)free continental breakfast (07年6月词汇，免费欧式早餐)图书馆 次重点1

11、.书籍：journal 学术类刊物 (08-6)原句：did you check the pile of the journals you borrowed for the library the other day?(你查过那一摞头几天从图书馆借来的学刊了么？)volume 卷, current/back issue 现/过刊 ,periodical 期刊2.人物：librarian 图书管理员四级阅读hold住信息是关键， 生词不是拦路虎大家知道，在四级考试中作阅读理解题目的时候，肯定不能采用平时精读文章的方法。一则因为考试时间是严格规定甚至各题型部分是分配好的；二则因为对于精读文章来说是

12、指将一篇文章的字、词、句难点全部解释出来，并且能够举一反三运用的地步。对于大型社会类考试这种情境，显然是不可能的。在四级阅读理解文章中，你一定会遇到一些或者很多不认识的生词，这并不是稀罕事。除了试卷上一些超纲词给出了汉语注释之外，是不是要让那些你也不认识的陌生词成为阻挠你继续阅读和理解的拦路虎呢？答案是：大可不必！其实，在任何一种大型英语考试中，你要记住：你的主要任务是“千方百计”掌握理解和答题的关键信息，而一定要有意地学会“蔑视”那些生单词。以下面这篇六级阅读理解文章为例，看看如何抓关键信息。快速地读一遍文章，最大限度的掌握文章中心意思，在这个过程中也要最大限度地抓取文章关键信息句。在你认为

13、是文章关键信息句的地方，迅速地多看两眼，确定自己明白这句话包含的意义。然后快速浏览五个提干和选项内容。很可能在此快速浏览的过程中，凭借你前面对文章的速读，做对两个左右的题目是非常肯定的。感觉最没有把握，或者提干和选项内容与文章内容信息暂时联系不起来的，这个时候一定要抓紧时间返回去略微仔细地读一遍文章。在进行以上阅读理解的过程中，实际上根据大家的经验，略读、查读这些策略是经常要用，而且结合来用的。(各种阅读策略一定要结合使用，在考试中是很关键的。俗话说：黑猫白猫，抓住耗子就是好猫)。如生词影响了你做对题时，可根据上下文推测即可。大可不必因一两个生单词从此停滞不前了。(为分析方便，将题干与选项放在

14、前面)As a wise man once said, we are all ultimately alone. But an increasing number of European are choosing to be so at an even earlier age. This isnt the stuff of gloomy philosophical contemplations, but a fact of Europes new economic landscape, embraced by sociologists, real-estate developers and a

15、d executives alike. The shift away from family life to solo lifestyle, observes a French sociologist, is part of the “irresistible momentum of individualism” over the last century. The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of

16、women into the workforce have greatly wreaked havoc on(扰乱)Europeans private lives。大家速读完第一段是不是对这几个句子包含的意义印象很深刻呢？开篇是一句名人名言，意思是“人说到底是要独自面对孤独的”。这句话为整个文章做了一个铺垫，因此是十分重要的。接着第二句，更为重要，因为具体说明了“越来越多的欧洲人把这个独自面对孤独的年龄提前了”，实际上看完这一句，你基本应该说知道了整篇文章的主题是什么了。Europes new economic climate has largely fostered the trend to

17、ward independence. The current generation of home-aloners came of age during Europes shift from social democracy to the sharper, more individualistic climate of American-style capitalism. Raised in an era of privatization and increased consumer choice, todays tech-savvy(精通技术的) workers have embraced

18、a free market in love as well as economics. Modern Europeans are rich enough to afford to live alone, and temperamentally independent enough to want to do so。第二段首句就交待了“条件”欧洲新的经济氛围在很大程度上促成(孕育)人们可以更早的面对孤独(独立)，上面第一段提到欧洲人提前进入面对孤独(独立)阶段。Once upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on eithe

19、r side of marriagetwenty something professionals or widowed senior citizens. While pensioners, particularly elderly women, make up a large proportion of those living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice. Livi

20、ng alone was conceived to be negativedark and cold, while being together suggested warmth and light. But then came along the idea of singles. They were young, beautiful, strong ! Now, young people want to live alone。第三段，由“Once upon a time”开头，大家都可以知道，这一段一定是把从前和现在的情况作个对比。那么，这一段很可能是后面题干中细节题的出题点。The boo

21、ming economy means people are working harder than ever. And that doesnt leave much room for relationships. Pimpi Arroyo, a 35-year-old composer who lives alone in a house in Paris, says he hasnt got time to get lonely because he has too much work. “I have deadlines which would make life with someone

22、 else fairly difficult。” Only an Ideal Woman would make him change his lifestyle, he says. Kaufmann, author of a recent book called The Single Woman and Prince Charming, thinks this fierce new individualism means that people expect more and more of mates, so relationships dont last longif they start

23、 at all. Eppendorf, a blond Berliner with a deep tan, teaches grade school in the mornings. In the afternoon she sunbathes or sleeps, resting up for going dancing. Just shy of 50, she says shed never have wanted to do what her mother didgive up a career to raise a family. Instead, “Ive always done w

24、hat I wanted to do: live a self-determined life。”最后一段，举了个例，在经济飞快发展的现在，个体的生活和情感关系状况，并且是一种正常的发展态势。阅读理解的破题思路仅仅在做完文章之后对一下答案并不能提升水平，在最后的复习时间中应该利用近5年中已经做过的真题进行精细的总结，只有在总结中才能破解出题人的思路，找到自身的问题所在。因此，表面看起来总结是一件费时费力的事情，但却是最行之有效提升水平的方法。以下内容将会从阅读项目常考的3大题型入手来进行讲解，同学们可以在总结中来借鉴：1.主旨题：考察对文章中心思想的把握。标志词：mainly about、pu

25、rpose、title解答主旨题关键抓两点：主题词、主题句。主旨题正确选项的特点：包含主题词，对文章主题句的同义改写。(1)主题词是全文中心讨论的事物。综合全文，尤其是在每个段落的开头，反复重现的成分，往往是一个名词或名词词组，那就是主题词。而主旨题的正确选项是会包含主题词的。(2)主题句往往在全文开头出现，通常标志分别为：1 全文开头作者明确下结论、表立场的句子； 2 全文开头引言后的解释；3 全文开头转折后的理论观点；4 全文开头故事背景后引出的第一个理论观点。例文1：06年1月“Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than the

26、y would shun food, love or exercise。” Said Dr. Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body. While heres on question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which youre able to rise to the occasion can be good for you

27、. 主题句In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they couldnt get the job done.Stress that you can manage also boost immune (免疫的) function. In a study at the Academ

28、ic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences. In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects through a gory (血淋淋的) video on surgical procedures. Those who did well on the memory test had an increase

29、in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody thats the bodys first line of defense against germs. The video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody.Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones. In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory funct

30、ion. “They can help nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,” says Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University in New York. But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain.“Sustained stress is not good for you,” says Richard Morimoto, a researcher at

31、Northwestern University in Illinois studying the effects of stress on longevity, “Its the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to stress that could be protective.”1. The passage is mainly about _A_.A) the benefits of manageable stressB) how to cope with stress effectivelyC) how to avoid stressfulD) the effect of stress harmonies on memory分析：综合各段开头反复重现的成分既为主题词，stress，不包含主题词的优先排除，四选项全部包含，转而查找主题句，文章开头出现引言，引言后的解释句中出现several studies suggest明确的结论性表达，引