高中 英语 主谓一致知识点.docx

1、高中 英语 主谓一致知识点高一英语语法知识系列（2）主谓一致 主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词在人称和数的方面一致, 学习主谓一致应熟记一些语法规则。处理主谓一致关系一般采取语法一致、逻辑一致及就近一致的三个原则。1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2） 逻辑意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一、语法一致1. 由and 连接的两个名词做主语, 表示不同的人或事, 谓语动词用复数。What he said and what he did have greatly encouraged the oth

2、er students.2. and 连接的两个名词指同一个人或物时, 谓语动词用单数。 The famous writer and poet has given a talk twice a day.3. 由noand no , eachand each , every and every ,many a and many a 等构成复合主语时 , 谓语动词用单数。Every boy and every girl has the right to get education. Many a desk and many a chair has been taken out of the cla

3、ssroom.4. 两个单数名词用and 并列表示一个概念或是不可分割的整体做主语, 位于用单数。常见的此类短语有 war and peace , iron and steel , a needle and threat , bread and butter ,a cart and horse 等。Egg and rice is her usual breakfast. 5. 主语后面带有as well as, rather than, like, but, expect, besides, with, together with, along with, including, in addi

4、tion to等词连接的名词, 根据语法一致的原则, 谓语动词根据这些词前的主语来确定动词的形式。The professor together with a number of students was doing experiments in chemistry in the lab at that time.二、逻辑意义上的一致1. 某些集体名词, 如family, team, class, enemy, majority, group, government, public, party, army, firm, company等, 如视作一个整体, 作单数用。如果指该集体的各个成员,

5、则作复数用。例：His family is small. His family are all model workers.2. people, police, cattle, poultry （家禽）等有生命的集体名词, 位于动词用复数形式。 例：The police are looking for the missing child.3. 以-s结尾的名词 1） 学科名称如：politics, physics, mathematics, economics 等以及书名.游戏名. 疾病名作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。如：The Arabian Nights （天方夜谭） is a popul

6、ar reading with the young people. Diabetes（糖尿病） is a common disease.2） 由两部分构成的物体如 glasses, scissors, trousers, jeans 等作主语时, 谓语动词常用复数。如： The glasses are yours.但物体前若用pair of , 谓语动词的单复数, 常取决于pair 前的单复数。如：There are some new pairs of compasses.4. 表示时间, 重量, 距离, 金钱等名词作主语时, 往往把这类复数成一个整体, 谓语动词用单数。如： Fifteen

7、miles seems like a long walk to me.One hundred dollars is not a large sum of money.5. 不定式, 动名词, 从句作主语, 谓语用单数。例：To teach is to learn.6. 表示地方, 国家, 机构, 等专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数, 如：The New York Times is published daily.7. 表示群岛, 山脉, 瀑布, 运动会等专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数。如：The Olympic Games are held once every four years.

8、8. 少数名词如means, works, series等作主语时, 谓语动词单复数根据所表达的概念而定。如： Every means has been tried. All possible means have been tried.9. 数词one 后跟in, of, out of, 引起的介词词组作主语是时, 谓语动词一般用单数。如：One out of twenty was badly damaged.三、就近性原则 1. 由连词or, eitheror, neithernor, whetheror, not onlybut also, notbut 等连接主语, 谓语动词与最靠近的

9、主语保持一致。如：Was he or you in the next room just now? 2. 谓语动词与介词后面的名词的数一致。1） all of ; most of ; a lot of ; some of ; half of ; the rest of ; plenty of ; part of ; two-third of 等加名词做主语时, 谓语动词根据名词的数而定。如：The rest of the boys were out. All of the work has been done.2） none of ; neither of 接名词有时做复数看待, 有时作单数看

10、待, 主要取决于说话人的意思。如：None of them has arrived yet at the settlement. None of them have arrived yet.3）“one of + 复数名词”后的定语从句谓语用复数。而 “the /only one of +复数名词”后的定语从句位于动词用单数。 如：He is the only one of the students who has been to Shanghai.He is one of the students who have been to Shanghai.4） many / few / quiet

11、 a few / a good many / a large number of / millions of 连接复数名词时谓语动词用复数。如：A great number of scientists invited are present at the conference. 5） much / little / quite a little / a great deal of / a bit of + 不可数名词+单数谓语。如：There is little water in the bottle.6） more + 复数名词than one+复数谓语 ；more than one + 单

12、数名词+复数谓语More students than have seen the film. More than one student has seen the film.7）amount of + 不可数名词做主语, 谓语动词的单复数决定于amount 的数。如：A large amount of money was spent on the great bridge.Large amounts of money were spent on the great bridge.8） a day or two + 单数谓语； one or two days +复数谓语如：A day or tw

13、o has passed. One or two days have passed.9） a （large ） quantity of + 名词作主语, 谓语动词根据名词的数决定。但是如果是quantities of + 名词作主语，谓语则用复数。A large quantity of sand was piled at the bottom of the hill.A large quantity of books were sent to the children in poor areas.10）如果主语用kind of 等表示种类的词作主语, 位于动词一般按语法一致的原则决定单复数。

14、A）this kind of + 单数（或复数）名词, 谓语动词用单数例：This kind of men is dangerous.B） 如果复数名词中心词作主语, 谓语动词用复数。例：Men of this kind are dangerous.C） 如果kind of 前有复数限定词, 谓语动词用复数。例：These kind（s）of men interest me.四巩固练习：1. -Did you go to the show last night? -Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area invited. A. were B. have bee

15、n C. has been D. was2. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area . A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. need to repair3. We live day by day, but in the great things, the time of days and weeks so small that a day is unimportant. A. is B. are C. h

16、as been D. have been4. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where _yet. A. hasnt been decide B. havent decided C. isnt being decided D. arent decided5. A survey of the opinions of experts that three hours of outdoor exercise a week good for ones health. A. show

17、; are B. shows; is C. show; is D. shows; are6. A poet and artist coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and paining tomorrow. A. is B. are C. was D. were7. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. A. is B. are C. was

18、D. were8. Most of what has been said about the Smiths also true of the Johnsons. A. are B. is C. being D. to be9. As you can see, the number of cars on our roads rising these days. A. was keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping10. The father as well as his three children skating on the frozen river

19、 every Sunday afternoon in winter. A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going11. What we used to think impossible now does seem possible. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be12. The mother, along with her two daughters, from the sinking aircraft by a passing ship. A. have rescued B. have been rescued C.

20、has rescued D. has been rescued13. Every possible means to save the miners stuck in the mine. A. have tried B. have been tried C. has been tried D. has tried14. All possible means been taken to stop the river . A. have; polluting B. has; polluted C. has; from polluted D. have; being polluted15. Desp

21、ite much research, there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that not fully understood. A. are B. were C. is D. was16. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth each year. A. is washing away B. is being washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed

22、 away17. No one in the department but Tom and I that the director is going to resign. A. knows B. know C. have known D. am to know18. The population of China larger than that of any other country in the world. A. is B. are C. has D. have19. The League secretary and the monitor asked to attend the me

23、eting this afternoon. A. is B. was C. are D. is being20. The great writer and professor . A. is an old man B. are both old men C. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese21. There a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk. A. are B. is C. has D. have22. The number of deer, mountain lio

24、ns and wild roses _ much if people leave things as they are. A. doesnt change B. dont change C. change D. changed23. The Arabian Nights well known to the English. A. is B. are C. was D. were24. Chairman Maos works translated into many languages. A. has been B. have been C. was D. is25. The steel wor

25、ks to the east of the city destroyed in the war. A. was B. has C. are D. were26. The Olympic Games held every years. A. is; fourth B. are; four C. is; five D. are; five27. The United States of America one of the most developed countries in the world. A. is B. are C. was D. were28. He is the only one

26、 of the students who elected. A. are B. have C. has D. is29. This is one of the most interesting questions that asked. A. have B. has C. have been D. has been30. Many a man come to help us. A. have B. has C. is D. are31. “All present and all going on well,” our monitor said. A. is; is B. are; are C.

27、 are; is D. is; are32. The police the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre. A. is searching for B. were searching for C. are searching for D. was searching for33. Your trousers dirty. You must have washed. A. is; it B. are; it C. are; them D. is; them34. This pair of trousers t

28、oo long for him. A. is B. be C. are D. were35. Neither Tom nor Jack and I his students. A. are B. am C. is D. was36. The driver as well as the two children who _injured in the accident out of danger now. A. were; is B. were; are C. was; is D. was; are37. Ten minutes an hour when one is waiting for a

29、 phone call. A. seems B. seem C. seemed D. seeming38. The following some other example. A. are B. is C. was D. were39. The whole class the teacher attentively. A. are listening to B. is listening to C. are listening D. is listening40. I have finished a large part of the book, the rest of which more

30、difficult. A. is B. are C. was D. were41. Between the two rows of trees the teaching building. A. stand B. stands C. standing D. are42. Large quantities of water for irrigation. A. is needed B. has needed C. are needed D. need43. That they were wrong in these matters now clear to us all. A. is B. was C. are D. all44. What we need good textbooks. A. is B. are C. have D. has45. What you said just now the matter we are discussing. A. have something to do with B. has something to do with C. had something to do with D. has been something to do with46. Our research system can give us an ear