历年四级翻译归纳及其考点汇编.docx

1、历年四级翻译归纳及其考点汇编2012年6月87. Those flowers looked as if they hadnt been watered for a long time(好长时间没有浇水了).被动语态 完成时态for a long time water the flower88. Fred bought a car last week. It is 1,000 cheaper than mine(比我的车便宜一千英镑).比较级 名词性物主代词89. This TV program is quite boring. We might as well listen to the mu

2、sic (不妨听听音乐).might as well “不妨”listen to the music听音乐90. He left his office in a hurry, with lights on and doors open(灯亮着，门开着).介词+名词（名词定语或状语: 形容词、过去分词、不定式）作状语：with短语做伴随状语省略：逻辑主语和表语之间的系动词省略91.The famous novel is said to have been translated into multiple languages(已经被译成多种语言).完成时态 被动语态be said to：据说，后面

3、跟动词原型 translated into 2011年12月87. Charity groups organized various activities to raise money for the survivors of the earthquake. (为地震幸存者筹款)raise money “筹款” survivor 幸存者 earthquake 地震88. Linda couldnt have received my e-mail (不可能收到我的电子邮件), otherwise, she could have replied.could have +过去分词。混合型虚拟语气。o

4、therwise提示我们句子后半句是与过去事实相反（事实是Linda没有回复），因此用could+have+过去分词。句子前半句是在陈述一种事实，从句子后半句could have +过去分词我们可以推断前面“没有收到我的电子邮件”也是在发生在过去，且对现在产生了影响（还没有收到回信），因此这里用现在完成时， 89. Its my mother who/that keeps encouraging me not to lose heart (一直鼓励我不要灰心) when I have difficulties in my study.强调句型its that/who encourage sb.

5、 (not) to do sth. 鼓励某人（不）做某事90. The publishing house has to consider the popularity of this novel. (考虑这本小说的受欢迎程度)。“考虑” -take into considerationconsider sth/that consider doing sth sb be considered to do sthencourage sb to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事popularity 受欢迎程度91. Its wrong to define happiness only by money

6、.(仅仅以金钱来定义幸福)define：定义形近词：refine音近词：signify 2011年6月87. The university authorities did not approve the regulation, nor did they make any explanation / nor did they give the reason for doing so (也没有解释为什么).nor的倒装句用法，后半句表示“也不”的否定意义，注意助动词的时态与上半句保持一致；对某事做出解释的表达，考察了汉译英中动词转名词的技巧，explain explanation，或者nor di

7、d they give the reason for doing so同样可以。88. Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she could be assigned (to) another job（能被分配做另一项工作）wish从句的虚拟语气用法（cancould）“分配某人做某事”的词组搭配，assign sb. to sth. 或者assign sb. sth.89. John rescued the drowning child at the risk of his own life (冒

8、着自己生命危险).at the risk / expense of ones own life（冒着某人的生命危险做某事）90. George called his boss from the airport but it was his assistant who answered / picked up the phone; turned out that his assistant answered / picked up the phone（接电话的却是他的助手）强调句: it be sb. who do sth. / turn out to be sb. who do sth. /

9、turn out + that + 从句。“接电话”: pick up / answer the phone91. Although he was interested in philosophy, his father persuaded him into / talked him into（他的父亲说服他）majoring in law. “说服某人做某事”的表达，persuade / talk sb. into doing sth.2010年12月to/in order to引导目的状语ensure sb to do 确保某人做某事，ensure sth 确保某事87 In order

10、to ensure him to attend the meeting(为了确保他参加会议)，I called him up in advance.88The significant museum is said to have been built(据说建成于)about a hundred years ago.被动语态据说: be said to+完成时，表示不定式表示的动作已经完成。89There would be no life on earth without its unique environment / but for its unique environment(没有地球独特

11、的环境)。without : 没有 but for: 要不是unique 独特 environment 环境what引导的主语从句；what可引导句子充当主语；impress用法 给留下印象 impress sb；最高级: “给印象最深”为impress sb most 90What impressed the tourists most (给游客印象最深的)was the friendliness and warmth of the local people.91They requested that books I borrowed (should) be returned to the

12、library / I (should) return the book I borrowed to the library (我借的书还回图书馆) by next Friday.当request表示“要求”时，引导的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，即（should）+ 动词原形。定语从句。“我借的书”， the book (that) I borrowed；return:归还 borrow:借 library: 图书馆2010年6月 87. Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty (in) concentrating on t

13、he experiment/ focusing her attention on the experiment. (集中注意力在实验上).have difficulty (in) doing sthfocus/fix ones attention on / concentrate on 88. The manager never laughed; neither did she become angry/did she lose her temper before(她也从来没有发过脾气).neither的倒装用法发脾气: become angry / lose ones temper89. W

14、e look forward to being invited to attend the opening ceremony (被邀请出席开幕式). 被动语态 look forward to doing sth 期盼做某事90. It is suggested that the air conditioner (should) be fixed/installed by the window (要安装在窗户旁).It is suggested that结构中主语从句中要用虚拟语气的用法，即should + 动词原形，should可以省略。91. The 16-year-old girl dec

15、ided to travel abroad on her own despite the strong opposition of her parents/ her parents strong opposition (她父母的强烈反对).despite的用法，注意despite是介词，后边应该跟名词或者名词短语。2009年12月87. You would not have failed if you had followed my instructions/orders _(按照我的指令去做).if从句的虚拟语气考查，如果主句中出现would +have的形式，从句中应该采用had+过去分词

16、的结构。“按照的指令”可表达为follow my instructions/orders。88. Despite the hardship he encountered, Mark never gave up pursuing knowledge (放弃对知识的追求).give up 放弃give oneself up to献身于，沉溺于，热衷于 eg. The boy gives himself up to electronic games. 这个男孩沉溺于电子游戏。give away泄露，出卖 eg. He gave my secret away. 他泄露了我的秘密。give in屈服，让

17、步 eg. You must give in your examination papers now. 你们现在必须把试卷交上来。pursue: 追求89. Scientists agree that it will be a long time before we find the methods of curing cancers/ before we find the cure for cancer (我们找到治愈癌症的方法).before引导的时间状语从句。before引导的状语从句。句型A：it+be+一段时间+before：意思是“要过很久才会”。例：The field resea

18、rch will take John and Mike about five months; it will be a long time before we meet them again. 实地考察要花约翰和迈克五个月的时间;他们过很久才会再见面。句型B：it was some time before：意思是“在之前过了一段时间”。例：He was told that it would be at least three more months before he could recover and return to work. 他被告知至少过三个月才能康复，重返工作岗位。“治愈”可译为

19、cure，而不应译为treat，treat是“治疗”的意思。cure有疗法的意思，所以治愈癌症的方法还可以译为cure for cancer。90. Production has to be increased considerably to keep pace with the constantly increasing demands of consumers/keep up with the constantly growing needs of consumers_(与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步).固定搭配“与保持同步”，可以翻译为keep pace with 或keep up wi

20、th。1 keep pace with和并驾齐驱，跟上 例：We must work hard to keep pace with the development of modern technology. 我们必须努力学习才能跟上现代科技的发展。keep up with赶得上，和保持联系 例：Students must work hard to keep up with their school work. 学生必须努力学习才能跟上功课。“不断增长的”，可以翻译为increasing，growing或rising。“需求”可翻译为demands或needs。91. The more exer

21、cise you take, the fewer chances you will have of catching a cold (你越不大可能得感冒). 本题主要考查 the more，the less的用法。其用法与the more，the more一致，可翻译为“越越”。“可能做某事”，可翻译为be likely to do sth;“感冒”，可翻译为catch a cold。2009年6月87. Soon after he transferred to the new school , Ali found that he had difficulty in catching up w

22、ith his classmates (很难跟上班里的同学)in math and English.have difficulty in doing sth 做某事有困难keep up with 跟上 catch up with 追上，赶上88. If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary would not have been caught by the rain(就不会被大雨淋湿了).虚拟语气：would have done sth 本应做某事be caught by the rain/ in the rain 淋雨89. It is said t

23、hat those who are stressed or working overtime are more likely to put on weight (更有可能增加体重).be likely to 很有可能put on/ lose some weight90. What most people do not realized(很多人所没有意识到的) is that Simon is a lover of sports and football in particular.what引导的主语从句。91.The study shows that the poor functioning

24、of the human body is closely related to the lack of exercise(与缺乏锻炼密切相关)be closely related to/ be closely associated with 密切相关the lack/absence of 缺乏2008年12月87.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems to which they havent found answers (他们至今还没有答案)介词+which引导的定语从句，注意answer/so

25、lution/key搭配介词to。88.What most parents are concerned about (大多数父母所关心的) is providing the best education possible for their children.what 引导的主语从句。what代替其引导的从句中的某个名词成分相当于 the （被代替的名词）that。表示“的东西或事情”相当于the things that：Theyve done what they can to help her. 他们已经尽力帮助了她。2. 表示“的人或的样子” 相当于the person that。如：He

26、 is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的那个样子。3. 表示“的数量或数目” 相当于the amount/number that。如：Our income is now double what it was ten years ago. 我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。4. 表示“的时间”相当于the time thatAfter what seemed like hours he came out with a smile.似乎过了几个小时他才笑着出来。5. 表示“的地方”相当于the place that。如：This is what they call Sa

27、lt Lake City. 这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。be concern about 关心 be aware of 知道89.Youd better take a sweater with you in case/lest it turns cold (以防天气变冷)目的状语从句90.Throught the project, many people have received training and decided to start their own business (决定自己创业)launch/run/set up ones own business 自主创业91.the ant

28、i-virus agent was not known until it was accidentally found by a doctor (直到一名医生偶然发现了它)notuntil直到才by chance/accident 偶然2008年6月87. Our efforts will pay off if the results of the research can be applied to the development of new technology(能应用于新技术的开发)应用,采用: apply/bring in/adopt 开发: development88. I can

29、t boot my computer now. Something must be wrong/out of control(一定出了毛病)with its operating system.there is something wrong/something went wrong89. Leaving ones job, no matter what kind of job it is(无论是什么工作), is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.让步状语从句: no matter what/when

30、/where/whoWhat 引导名词性从句90. Compared with the place where I grew up (与我成长的地方相比), this town is more prosperous and exciting.分词短语作状语：be compared with与相比较 be compared to 被比作 where引导地点状语从句 be brought up被抚养 grow up 91. Not until he had finished his mission(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill.n

31、otuntil直到才,注意当not until置于句首时，主句要倒装。部分倒装一览：1.以否定词开头作部分倒装not onlybut also/hardly/scarcelywhen/no soonerthan2.so, neither, nor作部分倒装当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为的确如此。-Its raining hard. -So it is.3 .only在句首要倒装的情况:Only in this way, can you learn English well.若句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装。Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.4 .as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词,