测量平差程序设计实习.docx

1、测量平差程序设计实习 课程编号： 课程性质：必修误差理论与测量平差基础课程设计报告学院： 测绘学院 专业： 测绘工程 班级： 学号：姓名： 2015-3-2 至 2015-3-7一、题目内容控制点编号及坐标：11:(231.218,89.463) 14:(197.003,254.308) 15:(202.662,183.022) 边长编号边长观测值测角编号测角观测值 0 - 169.4170 1 21933304.2 1 - 244.4431 0 131192151.2 2 - 346.7771 0 17643159.0 3 - 443.2391 2 32030435.1 4 - 525.95

2、72 3 42215001.9 5 - 662.6293 4 51992248.9 6 - 761.413 4 142855931.4 7 - 856.2634 5 61762522.0 8 - 927.4945 4 14863653.2 9 - 1045.1255 6 72424315.7 10 - 1159.1076 7 82081529.0 11 - 1246.8487 8 91924758.7 12 - 1335.278 9 101822125.0 13 - 046.1389 10 112225450.0 4 - 1450.97510 11 122474347.5 14 - 1571.

3、5110 11 163094255.2 15 - 1654.04511 12 131444943.4 16 - 1149.09612 11 16615905.4 15 - 1764.3312 13 02032922.7 17 - 043.40413 0 173051024.2 4 14 151564342.9 14 15 161745037.9 14 15 172691523.1 15 16 112165955.9 16 15 17942436.8 15 17 01740556.5 2、数学模型函数模型：选择将15个点的30个坐标作为参数，即t=30，每个观测量都可以表达成该30个独立参数的函

4、数，即对参数取近似值，令得到误差方程 其中为观测值与其近似值之差，即随机模型为平差的准则为三、计算过程1. 用EXCEL计算待定点近似坐标见下表点号观测角坐标方位角距离NENE131443036.2 141803249.3 240.302 196.111 1450325.5 38.516-31.572 22.060 15895036.4 208.730 218.171 545401.9 45.36426.084 37.115 171370209.1 234.814 255.286 115611.0 40.72839.847 8.424 点号观测角坐标方位角距离NENE143243036.2 1

5、32865641.6 290.178160.548712717.8 47.09314.978 44.648 02310103.7 305.156205.1961222821.5 44.305-23.787 37.378 11650834.5 281.369242.5731073656.0 22.187-6.714 21.147 22162441.9 274.654263.7201440137.9 50.168-40.601 29.469 32155532.2 234.054293.1891795710.1 55.173-55.173 0.045 41983206.7 178.881293.23

6、41982916.8 38.167-36.197 -12.103 52065010.1 142.683281.1312251926.9 33.084-23.261 -23.526 62185810.6 119.379257.6432641737.5 52.219-5.192 -51.960 71890624.6 114.230205.6452732402.1 40.9022.426 -40.830 81954518.4 116.656164.8152890920.5 35.93911.793 -33.949 92352706.4 128.449130.8663443626.9 56.84454

7、.805 -15.088 101584000.7 183.254115.7783231627.6 46.49237.264 -27.801 112621100.6 220.51887.976452728.2 56.47739.615 40.253 121813224.1 260.133128.230465952.3 44.12230.092 32.268 132773109.4 290.225160.4971443101.7 61.256-49.880 35.557 141803249.3 240.345196.0541450351.0 38.516-31.575 22.057 1517929

8、11.8 208.770218.1101443302.8 49.385-40.230 28.642 162030319.7 168.539246.7531673622.5 50.223-49.053 10.779 6119.379257.6432.用VC 6.0+计算1.计算边长和角度的近似值同时表达B矩阵的系数计算框图 2.表达出常数项l向量，确定角和边的权3.计算间接平差法方程系数阵法方程的组成和解算4.平差值计算等其他成果5.精度计算边长的近似值 角度的近似值 (需要判断象限)角度误差方程边误差方程B矩阵的元素由Vi里面的系数决定。权的确定常数项由准则知要有转置后得到 其中联立变形可以得

9、到从而得到坐标和观测值的平差值误差椭圆部分：协因素阵极值为 其中极值方向 为 为极大值方向点位中误差4、最后成果1.表A 观测值，观测值平差值，改正数边编号观测值平差值改正角编号观测值平差值改正0-144.30544.317120 1 21650834.51650831.7-2.71-222.18722.19581 0 131285856.31285853.7-2.52-350.16850.186181 2 32162441.92162441.903-455.17355.185121 2 172641922.92641922.7-0.24-538.16738.17472 3 42155532.

10、22155531.7-0.45-633.08433.083-13 2 1747553.947553.20.66-752.21952.212-73 4 5198326.7198324.81.97-840.90240.895-74 5 62065010.12065010.108-935.93935.933-65 6 72185810.62185812.92.49-1056.84456.843-15 6 163021637.13021630.4-6.610-1146.49246.486-36 7 81890624.61890626.51.911-1256.47756.48367 6 16831836

11、831842.46.512-1344.12244.12867 8 91954518.41954522.23.913-047.09347.118258 9 10235276.4235273.7-2.613-1461.25661.255-19 10 11158400.71583959.52.114-1538.51638.516010 11 12262110.62621050.9-9.715-1649.38549.4132811 12 131813224.11813222.8-1.216-650.22350.2533012 13 02042755.72042752.7-2.915-1745.3644

12、5.373912 13 14277319.4277318.1-1.317-240.72840.73350 13 14730318.4730316.1-2.313 14 151803249.31803242.4-6.814 15 161792911.8179299.1-2.714 15 17895036.4895044.98.615 16 62030319.72030319-0.716 15 172702147.22702139.7-7.415 17 2137029.1137029.90.92.表B 点位误差椭圆要素点号X平差值Y平差值X改正数Y改正数极大值极大值极小值mmmmmm方向mm030

13、5.1553205.1952-0.7-0.8380.0170.0061281.3618242.5829-7.29.91670.0180.0122274.645263.7377-917.71500.0170.0123234.0315293.2194-22.530.41650.0170.0094178.8461293.2688-34.934.81390.0150.0055142.6412281.1663-41.835.320.0110.0046119.379257.643000007114.183205.6906-47.61530.0180.0068116.605164.8674-8.114.41

14、610.0220.019128.3926130.9232-13.419.21700.0210.01710183.1955115.8299-15.5-22.11480.0230.00911220.453788.0265-21.312.51410.0170.00912260.0775128.2796-12.512.6920.0130.01113290.178160.5480000014240.302196.1110000015208.7062218.1872-20.819.2980.0120.00716168.4592246.85-36.840970.0150.00517234.7937255.3

15、109-20.324.900.0130.001（1）平差后单位权中误差（2）各个待定点的坐标平差值见表B 各个待定点的点位中误差15.7,17.7,16.9,15.8,12.6,9.7,15.8,19.9,22.1,20,15.3,13.7,11.3,12.7,10.9（3）各观测值的平差值见表A（4）平差后最弱边的边长相对中误差 计算 知道最弱边为14 - 15，其相对中误差为1/731（5）精度最弱点的误差椭圆 由（2）的点位中误差知点10是精度最弱点，从表B知其E=23mm，F=9mm,极值方向为148。误差理论与测量平差基础课程设计成绩综合评定表平时成绩30分实习期间无离校 10分积极主动思考，能独立解决问题 10分自主编写程序 10分考核成绩20分面试表明已掌握相关理论 20分报告成绩50报告内容完整 建模和解算方法介绍详细清楚，语言表述流畅和图表规范 30分结果正确，分析合理 20分其它说明课程设计成绩总成绩教师签名年 月 日相关说明：有以下情况，实习成绩以零分记1未参加实习考核的、未经指导教师同意提前离校的；2实习报告内容有抄袭现象（有一个段落完全相同），当事双方均判为零分；