香料挥发性能.docx

1、香料挥发性能常用香料在香精体系里的挥发性THE VOLALITY OF COMMONLY USED FRAGRANCE RAW MATERIALS IN FRAGRANCE SYSTEMS林翔云 苏丽琴 林君如 何丽洪Lin Xiangyun Su Liqin Lin junru He Lihong（厦门牡丹香化实业有限公司 361006）(Xiamen Peony Perfume & Chemicals Industry Co.Ltd. 361006)文摘把常用的292种香料随机配成10个香精，在室温下自然挥发89天、再暴晒3次，期间不断用气相色谱法测定各香料在香精里的百分比例，按“挥发掉一

2、半以上需要的时间”来评价各种香料在香精体系中的挥发性，把这292个香料分为“头香香料”、“体香香料”和“基香香料”三组，该分类法与调香实践比较吻合。AbstractTen fragrances prepared randomly from 292 fragrance raw materials in common use were set to volalitise naturally upon exposure to air at room temperature for 89days and to the sun for 3 times.The changes of the fragran

3、ce raw materials percentage concentration were analysed by gas chromatography continuosly during the exposure period. These fragrance raw materials are classified into 3 groups：top note，body note，and base note fragrance raw materials according to the evaluation of“the time needed to volatilize half

4、of the content”，It is concluded that this crassification is in better agreement with perfumery prafice.关键词：头香香料，体香香料，基香香料，香料的挥发性，气相色谱Key words:Top note fragrance raw material；body note fragrance raw material；base note fragrance raw material；volality of fragrance raw material；gas chromatography1931年，

5、阿尔姆（Ellmes）把各种香料的香气按它们的持久程度排列分为三层，即头香、体香（中香）和基香（尾香），这样，各种香料便被人为地划分为“头香香料”、“体香香料”和“基香香料”三大类了。到了1954年，扑却（Poucher）进一步用各种香料在辩香纸上挥发留香的时间长短来区分头香、体香和基香三类。后来又有人采用在辩香纸上或玻璃平皿上挥发称重的方法来区分这三类香料。这都是单一香料的挥发留香行为，对调香师来说，更重要的是各种香料在香精的混合体系里的挥发性能，为此，我们用了一年多的时间做了下列实验：把常用的292种香料随机地分成10组，每一组的“头香”、“体香”、“基香”香料比例都差不多，每组香料按同样

6、的比例配成“香精”（每一个香料在香精里都是34），把这些“香精”各自置于玻璃平皿中，不加盖，在室温下任其挥发，在第1、第2、第3、第5、第8、第13、第21、第34、第55、第89天、之后暴晒1次、2次、3次后分别做这10个“香精”的气相色谱分析，色谱条件如下：色谱柱：SE-30，30m0.25mm；程序升温：1001min，10/min升至230，保持30min；检测器：FID，250；汽化室温度：250；载气：N2。分析结果如下表：香料名称SE-301天2天3天5天8天13天21天34天55天89天晒1次晒2次晒3次三甲胺1.141.10 1.481.290.46丁醛1.270.690.5

7、70.57 0.450.17丁二酮1.360.590.440.370.310.22乙酸乙酯1.513.982.792.171.04丁酸1.550.670.640.630.580.29戊醛1.570.640.50 0.450.330.32乙酸丙酯1.600.640.50 0.450.330.32二甲基二硫醚1.700.890.90 0.90 0.880.750.610.50 0.24异戊醇1.700.170.120.090.01丙酸乙酯1.710.440.380.420.390.330.310.310乳酸乙酯1.780.220.160.90 0.880.750.610.50 0.240.140.

8、08哌啶2.032.072.162.081.90 1.641.350.92己醛2.140.410.270.160.240.120.07丁酸乙酯2.152.752.80 2.412.772.592.50 2.592.272.372.111.44乙酸丁酯2.200.620.550.50 0.40 0.30 二甲基丁酸乙酯2.451.241.080.980.771.180.42异戊酸乙酯2.452.20 2.121.951.661.380.963-甲硫基己醇2.572.152.192.242.261.983.412.172.272.161.691.610异戊酸2.701.20 1.271.231.1

9、81.170.571.110.980.95 0.960.980.730乙酸戊酯2.700.740.640.430.630.060.410.272-乙酰基呋喃2.841.331.251.291.251.171.10 1.460.680.42 苯甲醛2.840.390.370.350.390.260.240.19甲位蒎烯3.190.230.05榄青酮3.392.152.172.152.051.771.661.250.51甲位苎烯3.412.582.512.552.442.161.990.072,5-二甲基噻唑3.491.561.361.251.011.150.66庚醇3.501.481.611.4

10、81.551.541.811.331.090 丙酸异戊酯3.520.250.210.220.240.230.060.20 0.210.03菠萝乙酯3.540.230.220.220.210.190.170.130.10 反-2-己烯酸3.793.463.373.493.533.463.40 2.993.242.94 3.152.931.63丁酸丁酯3.881.061.030.691.00 0.611.361.471.090.28 二甲基庚醇3.920.240.220.053-甲硫基丙醇4.001.221.241.191.161.141.061.010.681.61 1.430.37乳酸4.01

11、1.841.631.512.361.562.181.241.011.10 1.90 1.661.282,3,5-三甲基噻唑4.021.821.771.762.161.721.761.741.531.351.30 1.440.30 己酸乙酯4.020.991.081.021.10 0.920.870.790.640.870.532,3,5-三甲基吡嗪4.036.847.217.177.187.277.057.086.849.616.756.826.90 2.062-辛醇4.032.472.572.572.692.722.982.70 2.412.22 1.432.630.932,6-二甲基庚烯醇

12、4.040.991.081.021.10 0.920.870.790.640.870.53蒎烷4.061.880.921.151.530.222.690.232.760.89 0.82依罗酯4.062.482.492.20 2.251.891.631.851.132-乙酰基噻唑4.120.550.510.470.413.920.380.22甜橙醛4.121.221.241.191.161.141.061.010.681.61 0.44对-1-孟烯-8-硫醇4.173.733.953.863.763.883.924.043.743.673.583.710.41丁酸异戊酯4.211.611.671

13、.981.60 0.413.730.80 二缩丙二醇4.240.940.911.010.990.970.950.923.20 2.932.822.760.54草莓酸4.271.731.80 1.751.791.791.762.211.762.612.081.771.280.10 己烯酸乙酯4.284.064.153.953.883.903.783.692.982.82 1.38草莓酸乙酯4.310.410.030.450.410.40 0.420.480.490.50 0.380.07甲基乙酰基呋喃4.320.940.911.010.990.970.920.943.20 2.932.822.7

14、60.541,8-桉叶油素4.336.461.454.517.00 0.232.170.384.30 4.95 2.844.991.61甲基环戊烯醇酮4.392.697.00 7.062.70 2.414.674.052.744.672.332.481.17丁酸戊酯4.421.731.841.772.411.80 1.982.021.871.591.80 1.760.04叶青素4.421.761.791.811.771.151.021.10 0.980.91 异戊酸丁酯4.430.50 0.410.40 0.510.360.38 0.320.20 叶醇4.671.231.251.191.231

15、.121.081.013.420.54 圆柚醛4.691.231.251.191.231.121.081.013.420.54 龙葵醛4.811.661.791.753.171.692.332.362.152.012.041.80 1.320.38乙酰基丙酸乙酯4.911.951.931.871.852.80 3.853.622.773.50 3.234.533.542.44对甲酚甲醚4.961.971.991.831.861.80 1.911.931.691.61 1.351.430.74己酸烯丙酯4.961.10 1.021.141.20 1.90 1.140.980.630.980.65

16、0.660.29二氢月桂烯醇5.003.30 3.062.323.492.343.123.342.973.01 3.043.332.370.34氧化芳樟醇5.032.552.842.70 2.662.823.012.950.513.11 3.232.90 3.592.88庚酸乙酯5.112.30 2.40 2.261.682.331.881.941.771.641.761.391.430二甲基苄基原醇5.161.641.60 1.651.671.611.571.30 1.421.25 1.261.040.56顺-氧化芳樟醇(呋喃型)5.170.650.690.70 0.710.720.830.

17、690.680.67 0.840.680愈创木酚5.170.720.03 0.020.010.020.420.410.390.480.040.470庚醛二甲醇缩醛5.211.241.261.211.181.221.882.30 2.262.272.231.130.61壬醛5.234.815.44 5.013.965.813.846.275.425.90 5.415.10 1.54四氢芳樟醇5.230.270.30 0.280.290.210.570.230.083-甲硫基丁醛5.313.783.093.893.913.852.356.475.985.515.714.381.21苯甲酸甲酯5.3

18、21.021.621.021.021.00 1.051.741.932.051.930.38戊酸戊酯5.324.374.544.564.774.815.254.40 3.863.49 3.90 3.450二氢芳樟醇5.372.422.482.544.552.512.356.475.985.515.712.392.360.76反-氧化芳樟醇(呋喃型)5.441.051.031.081.10 1.051.10 2.953.963.68 4.120.90 女贞醛5.653.523.533.50 3.451.383.683.663.633.32 3.134.243.842.93苯乙醇5.661.70

19、1.731.761.741.781.771.821.741.90 1.841.911.26苯乙醛5.661.311.391.351.391.361.621.411.581.59 1.70 1.641.541.12橙叶醛5.663.884.194.334.353.914.814.784.50 4.814.945.10 2.35反-玫瑰醚5.661.791.90 1.90 2.00 2.012.172.021.981.94 1.852.021.46风信子素5.673.50 3.533.613.763.683.690.14甜瓜醛5.702.993.173.253.333.023.10 3.062.7

20、63.10 2.842.834.724.992-异丙基-4,5-二甲基噻唑5.712.993.173.253.333.023.10 3.062.763.10 2.842.834.724.992,3-二甲基-5-乙酰基噻唑5.931.531.731.671.80 1.761.771.861.641.751.652.770.912.85异丁酸叶酯5.932.762.652.632.682.412.662.592.562.51 2.532.522.391.682,6-壬二烯醛5.992.992.60 2.442.890.673.242.782.662.55 2.612.882.030二丙基二硫6.0

21、40.70 0.640.430.460.630苹果酯6.071.451.571.521.531.551.581.611.571.49 1.641.541.320.64格蓬酯6.082.282.412.312.662.262.332.372.072.062.122.391.841.41乙酸苄酯6.110.650.650.620.60 0.655.234.554.323.98 4.414.2303-巯基-2-丁酮6.123.90 0.654.174.834.365.234.554.323.98 4.410.712.981.17樟脑6.164.794.775.425.425.536.985.915.886.295.925.865.830乙位松油醇 6.182.992.832.10 3.190.67庚酸6.190.790.80 0.810.772.191.081.061.080.67 0.28梅青素6.190.192.892.10 3.191.430.443.00 2.310.24 二甲基对苯二酚6.200.950.930.910.940.890.850.830.650.710.760.691.840顺-玫瑰醚6.223.393.60 3.683.75