人教版必修一至必修四语法大全.docx

1、人教版必修一至必修四语法大全语法：一、倒装结构 1. 副词here,there, in, out,up ,down, away,back,now, then, ahead 等位于句首,当谓语动词是be,come, go, follow,run等表示位置移动的动词，而且主语又是名词时,需要把谓语动词放主语之前，即全部倒装。Here comes the bus.注意:A 此类倒装不用进行时态度。B若主语是代词时，不用倒装。-Where is your dog? -There it is.2. 含有否定意义的词放句首，部分倒装。 A具有否定意义的副词放句首： not,never,seldom,har

2、dly, rarely.little,scarely,few Never has she seen a movie like that.B,含有否定意义的连词放句首:not onlybut also., neither.nor., no soonerthan., scarely.than.,Hardly.when., not until. *not only, no sooner,hardly.scarely要倒,but (also), than, when后面的句子不倒. neither.nor.两部分都倒装。 No sooner had she fallen asleep than she

3、 heard a knock at the door. Hardly had it grown dark when she realized it is too late to go home. Not only is the teacher himself interested in football but all his students are beginning to show an interest in it. Not until the game had begun did he arrive at the sports ground.C, 含有否定意义的介词放句首：by no

4、 means, In no time,in no case, on no account,under no circumstances. By no means could he succeed.3 only状语，部分到装 Only when she came home did he learn the news.4 表示上文的状况也适合另外一人或事： 肯定:so+助动词(动/情态)+主语 I have finished reading the text, so has my sister.否定:neither(nor)+助动(动/情态)+主语 I could not persuade him

5、 to accept it, nor could I make him see its importance.5 as 作“尽管虽然”，引导让步状语从句 Much as he likes her,he does get annoyed with her sometimes.6 so .that., such .that.的句子结构中，若so,such 和与其所修饰的词置于句首，实行部分倒。 So confused did he become that he didnt know how to start his lecture.7 省略if的虚拟条件倒装句时间从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式 （与现

6、在事实相反）过去式（be: were）Should(would, could, might)+v（与过去事实相反）had doneShould(would, could, might)+have done（与将来事实相反）一般过去式were to +原形should +原形同1Were they to arrive/ should they arrive before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.They would certainly have come and helpe

7、d us had they had time.Had it not been for my illness, I would have lent him a helping hand.8为使描绘显得生动，有些与介词同形的副词可以移到句首，谓语放到主语前面。In came a girl. Down flew the eagle. 代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。Out he rushed.九、There be 句型。There are many students in the classroom.巩固练习1. Only when you have got enough data_ come to a

8、 sound conclusion.A can you B you can C would you D you would2._ food and drinks, but they also brought cards when they had a picnic outside.A Not only brought they B Not only they broughtC Not only did they bring D Not only they did bring3._ got into the room_ she found a man lying on the ground.A

9、She hardly had; then B Hardly had she; whenC She had not; than D Not had she; when4.So hard_ it to live in an English-speaking country that he determined to study English well.A he has felt B has he feltC he did feel D did he feel5.There is no need quarreling with him, neither_ no need talking with

10、him.A there is B is there C there are D are there6.Only when I was fifty years old_ how important the English is!A had I realized B I realized C did I realize D I had realized7._, I have never seen such beautiful scenery.A As long as I have traveled B Much as I have traveledC Now that I have travele

11、d so much D As I have traveled so much8._, you would have got the first place.A You had run faster than before B Had you run faster than beforeC If you should run faster than before D If you ran faster than before9. Only in recent years_ begun to realize that they should protect wild animals.A peopl

12、e have B since people haveC have people D people who have10.“_received high pay as today”. Said a boss of the company.A Never have so many women B Never so women haveC The women arent ever D Women who have never11.Not only_ difficult to study, but it was too dull to learn.A was it B it is C it was D

13、 is it12._ a little more time to think, he might have succeeded.A If he took B If he has takenC Had he taken D should he take13._ no air or water, there would be no life in the world.A There are B There was C Is there D Were there14. By no means_ their own language well.A it is true that all people

14、know B is it true that do all people knowC it is true that do all people know D is it true that all people know15._ so busy, I should go with you to see our teacher in middle school.A Were I not B Was I not C If I am not D I were not16.Only after liberation_ to be treated as human beings.A did the s

15、laves begin B the slaves had begun C the slaves did begin D had the slaves begun17. You ought to have given them some help. _, but it didnt work.A So ought you B So I oughtC So did you D So I did18._ that even people in the next door could hear him.A So loudly did Tom speak B Such loudly did Tom spe

16、akC So loudly he speak D Such loudly he speak19. My parents have been married for 50 years and never _with each other.A they had quarreled B they have quarreledC have they quarreled D had they quarreled20. You forgot your bag when you went out to the airport. My God, _.A so did I B so I did C I did

17、so D I so did21.Not only_ interested in computer but_ beginning to show an interest in it.A is the teacher herself; all her students are B the teacher herself is; are all her studentsC is the teacher herself; are all her students D the teacher herself is; all her students are22. On the wall _two lar

18、ge photos of your parents who were dead five years ago.A hang B hangs C hanged D hanging23. Only when_ how important the English is.A did I work I realized B I worked did I realizeC did I work did I realize D I worked I realized24. Only when her teacher scolded her _ she was wrong to do it.A she rea

19、lized B does she realizeC did she realize D had she realized25. No sooner_ home than I found a man lying on the ground.A had I got B I had got C did I get D I did get26._, you wont be able to succeed except that your teacher helps you.A Try as you will B As you will tryC You as will try D Will you t

20、ry as27.Excuse me, I have left my book at home, could I use yours? _.Use mine. A Here it is B Here are youC Here is it D Here you are28. _ that all the teachers and students went out to play volleyball.A The weather so fine was B So fine was the weatherC So the weather was fine D So was the fine wea

21、ther29. The man isnt like a worker, nor_ a teacher.A he is like B he looks like C is he like D does he like30. Seldom_ TV during the summer holiday, because the examination is coming.A they watch B are they watchingC had they watched D do they watch31. Under her arm_ a pair of shoes that she had bou

22、ght a few days before. A was B had C is D there is32. Many a time_ to see me while I was in hospital during the Spring Festival.A did he come B he did come C he came D came he33. In hardly any situation_ her happy.A you can find B that you can find C can you find D you found二、被动语态1、一般将来时被动语态1）动作发生在将

23、来；强调动作的承受者，或不能或无须提及动作的执行者。 ThepeopleofBeijingwillplantmoretreesandbuildnewroads. - Moretreeswillbeplantedandnewroadswillbebuilt.Theywillpaymoretotheathletes.- Morewillbepaidtotheathletes.Theywillencouragechildrentotakemoreexercise.- Childrenwillbeencouragedtotakemoreexercises.2）否定句：not置于shall/will之后

24、。Hewillnotbesenttheretomorrow.疑问句：疑问词+will+主语+be +过去分词+其他？WhenwilltheSARSpatientbeoperatedon? Bywhomwillthetaskbefinishednextweek? 3）表示将来意义的被动结构还有：1.begoingtobedone;2.betobedone;3.will（shall）getdone等。Someoldbuildingsaregoingtobepulleddown. The29thOlympicGamesistobeheldinBeijingin2008.Theworkerswillg

25、etpaidbeforetheendofDecember.注意这些结构的否定式、疑问式等。例如：Thesetreesarenotgoingtobecutdown. -Arethesetreesgoingtobecutdown?-Yes,theyare.Themachinesarenottoberepairedtonight. -Aretheytoberepairedtomorrow?-Yes,theyare. 4）注意事项在时间、条件状语从句中，应使用现在时表示将来时。同样，应使用现在时的被动语态表示将来时的被动语态。例如：Hesayshewillleavethecompanyifheispu

26、nishedforthis.Whenthedamiscompleted,theChangjiangRiverwillbecontrolled.使用一般将来时被动语态时，学生易遗漏被动式中的be。例如：【误】Anewfilmwillshownatthecinemanextweek【正】Anewfilmwillbeshownatthecinemanextweek2、现在完成时被动语态1）现在完成时态和被动语态结构的叠合，即“ have + been + done”。 2）肯定：Her bike has been stolen. 否定：The task has not been finished y

27、et. 一般疑问句：Has a new computer been bought? 特殊疑问句：How many buildings have been built in this school?3、现在进行时的被动语态：现在进行时的被动语态表示此时此刻某事正在被做。1）构成：be + being+过去分词2）肯定：The car is being repaired. 否定：Some animals are not being protected well. 一般疑问句：Is this bridge being repaired now? 特殊疑问句：What is being done to

28、 the machine?4、巩固练习1. Hundreds of jobs _if the factory closes. A. lose.B. will be lost.C. are lost.D. will lose2.Would you like to_the 2008 Olympic Games_in Beijing? A. join; hold. B. join in; will be held. C. take part in; which will hold. D. take part in; which will be held.3. My uncle_until he wa

29、s forty-five.A. married.B. didnt marry.C.was not marrying. D. would marry.4. -. How long_you _?-For five years. We _ in 2001A. have; been married; got married.B. did; marry; gotmarried;C. have got married; married. D. were; married; married.5. Sandy could do nothing but _to his teacher that he was w

30、rong.A. admit.B. admittedC. admitting.D. to admit6. 7. I was _by the _news of Georges sudden death.A. amazed; amazing. B. amazing; amazed. C. upset; surprised. D. surprised; upset.8. Im sure he_in the new kindergarten.A. will be taken good care.B. will be taken good care of C. will take care D. will take care of.9. The headmaster, as well as some teachers and students_to visit the sick students in hos